46 Questions
What is the main difference between growth and development?
Growth is quantitative and value neutral, while development is qualitative and value positive.
What does growth refer to?
A quantitative change over a period of time.
What is an example of growth without development?
A city's population increases, but the provision of basic services remains the same.
What is the relationship between growth and development?
Growth is a prerequisite for development, but development is not a prerequisite for growth.
What is the implication of a negative growth?
A decrease in quantity or amount.
What is the focus of this chapter?
Human development in nations and communities.
What is the approximate number of countries with very high human development index?
66
Which state in India performs better in human development despite having lower per capita income?
Kerala
What is the primary factor that contributes to low levels of human development in some countries?
Government expenditure on the social sector
Who created the Human Development Index in 1990?
Dr Mahbub-ul-Haq
What is the definition of development according to Dr Mahbub-ul-Haq?
Enlarging people's choices
Which of the following is a characteristic of countries with high human development scores?
Low degree of social diversity
What is the approximate number of countries with low levels of human development?
33
Why do countries with low levels of human development tend to spend more on defence?
They are located in areas of political instability
What is the primary reason for Kerala's better performance in human development despite lower per capita income?
Higher investment in social sectors
Who are the two South Asian economists who provided an alternative view of development?
Dr Mahbub-ul-Haq and Dr Amartya Sen
What new approach to measuring a country's development was introduced in the late eighties and early nineties?
Focusing on human development
What is the basic goal of development?
Enabling people to live meaningful lives
Which South Asian economist introduced the concept of human development?
Mahbub-ul-Haq
What did Mahbub-ul-Haq describe human development as?
Development that enlarges people's choices
What are the key areas in human development, according to the text?
Access to resources, health, and education
Why do many people lack the freedom to make basic choices, according to the text?
Inability to acquire knowledge and poverty
What do the four pillars of human development support?
The concepts of equity, sustainability, productivity, and empowerment
Which group of individuals face limited choices due to lack of access to knowledge, according to the text?
Socially and economically backward groups
What does the concept of sustainability refer to in human development?
Environmental protection and continuity in the availability of opportunities
Why is it important to send girls to school, according to the text?
To ensure they have the same opportunities as boys
What does productivity refer to in the context of human development?
Human labour productivity or productivity in terms of human work
What is considered the real wealth of nations?
People
What does empowerment mean in the context of human development?
To have the power to make choices
What index ranks countries based on their performance in health, education, and access to resources?
Human Development Index (HDI)
What does the Human Development Index (HDI) measure?
Attainments in human development in key areas
Which of the following is not a dimension of the Human Development Index (HDI)?
Natural resource availability
What does the Human Poverty Index measure?
Shortfall in human development
Which element is NOT considered in the Human Poverty Index?
Political stability
What does the text suggest about the size of the territory and human development?
Smaller territories generally correlate with higher human development
Why may relatively poorer nations sometimes be ranked higher in human development than richer nations?
Since per capita income alone does not determine human development
What is the main objective of development according to Nobel Laureate Prof Amartya Sen?
Increasing freedom
In the context of human development, what does the Basic Needs Approach focus on?
The provision of basic needs like health and education
What is the significance of Bhutan proclaiming the Gross National Happiness (GNH) as a measure of progress?
It prioritizes spiritual, non-material, and qualitative aspects of development
What does the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) annually publish since 1990?
Human Development Report
What is a key focus of the Capability Approach associated with Prof. Amartya Sen?
Building human capabilities in health, education, and resource access
What approach is concerned with human beings as passive recipients of development activities?
Welfare Approach
Why does Bhutan approach material progress and technological developments cautiously?
Considering the possible harm they might bring to the environment or cultural life
Why is it essential to rank member countries according to the level of human development?
To monitor progress and encourage development efforts
What distinguishes the Capability Approach from the Income Approach to human development?
Focus on health and education rather than income levels
What is the key idea behind the concept of Gross National Happiness (GNH) as a progress measure?
Balancing material progress with non-material and qualitative aspects
Explore the concepts of growth and development, and understand their significance in the context of human societies. Learn how these two concepts differ from each other and how they are interconnected. Dive into discussions surrounding human development at the national and community levels.
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