Chpt 10
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Questions and Answers

What is a key benefit of capturing data at the source?

  • It minimizes the need for data validation later.
  • It increases the amount of data processed.
  • It simplifies data retrieval by reducing keystrokes. (correct)
  • It allows for more manual entry errors.

Which principle is emphasized for output design?

  • Overloading users with information.
  • Designing reports for aesthetic appeal.
  • Presenting information for easy comprehension. (correct)
  • Including all data the system can generate.

How can bias unintentionally affect analytical work?

  • By limiting the information provided to the users.
  • By introducing personal assumptions into the analysis. (correct)
  • By ensuring all data is calculated.
  • By using consistent data sources.

What must analysts consider when creating global applications?

<p>Cultural differences and multilingual support. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of well-designed reports is essential for managers?

<p>Including only necessary information without overload. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of navigation mechanisms in graphical user interfaces?

<p>To facilitate user interaction and movement through the system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of input mechanisms is NOT mentioned as an example?

<p>Voice commands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle of UI design emphasizes the importance of a predictable layout?

<p>Consistency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the Windows Navigation Diagram (WND)?

<p>To model user interaction and movement between screens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'minimal user effort' in UI design suggest about task completion?

<p>Users should typically finish tasks in no more than three clicks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

User experience design must balance which two aspects for different user types?

<p>Ease of learning and ease of use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of UI design does 'content awareness' primarily address?

<p>Indicating user location and displayed information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key goal of the interface design process?

<p>To define user interactions effectively (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of an effective navigation system in user interface design?

<p>To provide a simple and unnoticed navigation experience (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which design principle helps to prevent user mistakes in interface design?

<p>Limiting choices and appropriate labeling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using real-world metaphors in interface design?

<p>To enhance understanding and familiarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of wireframe design in the context of UI prototypes?

<p>It resembles the actual user interface visually (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of processing in input design?

<p>Online and batch processing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which order does the Object-Action Order require users to interact with the interface?

<p>Choose the object and then perform the action (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an interface design prototype?

<p>To simulate and mock-up user interaction with designs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way to simplify recovery from mistakes in user interfaces?

<p>Offering an Undo feature to revert actions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Interface Standards

Consistent design elements across screens, forms, and reports within a system.

Interface Metaphors

Using real-world analogies to make interfaces easier to understand (e.g., shopping cart for e-commerce).

Wireframe Design

A basic visual representation of a user interface, showing layout and elements.

UI Prototype

An interactive model of a user interface, allowing users to test and explore.

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Navigation Design Goal

To make the system simple and easy to use, ideally without the user even noticing the navigation.

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Object-Action Order

Selecting an object first, then choosing an action to perform on it (e.g., select text, then copy).

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Online Processing

Inputting data individually and immediately, usually for real-time updates (e.g., booking a flight).

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Batch Processing

Collecting all data before entering it into the system, often for later analysis (e.g., payroll).

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Capture Data at the Source

Collecting data electronically as close to its origin as possible. This helps ensure accuracy and reduces manual data entry errors.

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Minimize Keystroke

Designing systems to avoid redundant data entry. Information should be retrieved from existing databases or calculated automatically whenever possible.

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Input Validation

Verifying the accuracy of input data to prevent errors. This can involve checking for valid formats, ranges, and consistency.

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Understand Report Usage

Designing reports that provide only the essential information users need, avoiding information overload.

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International and Cultural Issues

Considering cultural differences when designing systems, such as language support, color choices, and cultural norms.

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Interface Design

The process of defining how a system will interact with external entities like customers, suppliers, and other systems.

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User Interface Design

How users interact with a system. It focuses on inputs and outputs, like what the user types in and what the system displays.

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GUI Components

Key elements of a graphical user interface (GUI). These include navigation mechanisms, input mechanisms, and output mechanisms.

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Types of Navigation

Different ways users can move through a system. Examples include menus, direct manipulation (dragging and dropping), and browsing languages.

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Principles of UI Design: Layout

A common pattern is the three-box layout: navigation at the top, main content in the middle, and status at the bottom. This provides a consistent structure.

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Principles of UI Design: Content Awareness

Ensuring users know where they are in the system and what information is displayed clearly.

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Principles of UI Design: Aesthetics

Utilizing white space, color, and fonts to create a visually appealing and readable interface.

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Principles of UI Design: Consistency

Designing a consistent and predictable layout to enhance usability. Users expect similar patterns across the system.

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Study Notes

Human-Computer Interaction Layer Design

  • Interface design defines how a system interacts with external entities (e.g., customers, suppliers).
  • User interface design focuses on how users interact with the system and inputs/outputs it handles.
  • Command-line interfaces use text-based commands.
  • Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) employ visual elements like icons and windows.

Components of GUI

  • Navigation mechanism guides users through the interface.
  • Input mechanism handles user interactions (e.g., text entry).
  • Output mechanism displays system responses (e.g., reports, graphics).
  • Example of navigation using Canvas - a website or application. It includes menus, modules, courses, and links to various resources.

Types of Navigation

  • Languages (e.g., drop-down menus).
  • Menus (containing options).
  • Direct manipulation (e.g., dragging files).

Input Mechanism

  • Example of a discussion post on Canvas - allows text entry and selection boxes.
  • Types of input: text, numbers, and selection boxes.

Output Mechanism

  • Example: report of current grades - presenting a report illustrating scores, submissions, and details.

Principles of UI Design

  • Layout: standard three-box structure (navigation, content, status/controls).
  • Content Awareness: clear indications of current location and displayed data.
  • Aesthetics: balance of white space, colors, and fonts.
  • User Experience: balancing ease of learning versus ease of use, considering novice and expert users.
  • Consistency: predictable and familiar layouts; maintaining minimal user effort.

User Interface Design Process

  • A use scenario outlines user actions related to a system.
  • Example of use scenarios: existing patients creating new appointments or canceling existing appointments.
  • Numbers in parenthesis refer to specific events or steps.
  • Windows Navigation Diagram (WND) visualizes screen relationships and user flow.
  • Systems may have multiple WNDs to illustrate different parts of the interface.
  • WND diagrams model state changes within UI.

Sample WND Diagram

  • Visual depiction of how different parts of a software system or program— forms, windows, reports, buttons—are linked together.
  • Shows how screens, forms, and reports are interrelated for a given user action.
  • Illustrates different states and transitions between them.

Interface Standards Design

  • Interface standards establish common elements across UI screens.
  • Usage of real-world metaphors for familiar interfaces. – Templates ensure consistency in design elements. – Icons and labels for frequent interactions promote accessibility and efficiency.

Interface Design Prototyping

  • Prototypes (mockups) simulate the interface's design.
  • Wireframe Design: visual representation of the UI.
  • Storyboard: series of illustrations of screen flows.
  • UI Prototypes: allow user interaction with a simulated version of the system.

WND and Wireframe Diagram

  • Combining WND diagrams (system navigation flow) and wireframes (visual representation of design). – Example for a rental store application.

Navigation Design - Basic Principles

  • Prevent mistakes by suitable labels and options.
  • Validate critical actions (e.g., confirmation before file deletion).
  • Simplify error recovery through consistent actions and procedures (e.g., object-action ordering).

Input Design - Basic Principles

  • Simplify information capture with clarity.
  • Online vs. batch processing (individual vs. grouped data entry). Capture data at source for accuracy and consistency.
  • Minimize keystrokes to avoid errors.

Input Validation

  • Completeness check: Ensures required data are included for processing. – Format check: Validates data types/formats for different fields.
  • Range check: Restricts numeric values within defined limits. – Check digit check: Adds extra digits to validate data integrity.
  • Consistency checks: Validates data relationships.
  • Database checks: Verifies data accuracy by comparing with established records.

Output Design - Basic Principles

  • Present output clearly and concisely for effective understanding with minimal effort.
  • Effectively handle report information usage (avoid overload). – Minimizing data overload through appropriate presentation.
  • Bias awareness in reports to avoid misleading information.

International and Cultural Issues

  • Multilingual requirements for global applications.
  • Consider cultural meanings of colors.
  • Cultural differences may necessitate design modifications for appropriate usage.
  • Hofstede's cultural dimensions provide guidelines for design considerations.

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Related Documents

ISM 301 Ch10: Human-Computer Interaction Layer Design PDF

Description

This quiz explores the principles of human-computer interaction, specifically focusing on interface design and the components of graphical user interfaces (GUIs). It delves into navigational mechanisms and input/output handling, providing examples like Canvas. Evaluate your understanding of how users interact with systems through various input and navigation methods.

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