Human Circulatory System Quiz

<p>Low cholesterol levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulmonary embolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transport oxygen to tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thickness of the tunica media (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thrombocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Damage to blood vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of blood clotting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulmonary circulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promotes erythrocyte production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence or absence of specific antigens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased white blood cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bleeding time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bone marrow function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microcytic, hypochromic RBCs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pernicious anemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enlarged, red, sore tongue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aplastic anemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic blood loss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiac arrhythmia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intrinsic factor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decrease in all blood cell types (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin B12 deficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colloid volume-expanding solutions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic defects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large, misshaped red blood cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lowered oxygen levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Congestive heart failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bone marrow transplantation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low serum erythropoietin levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persistent bleeding from gums (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It primarily affects men due to its X-linked recessive inheritance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frequent nosebleeds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simultaneous excessive clotting and bleeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased risk of abnormal clots (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anemia due to inadequate cell production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduction in functional WBCs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (A), Acute Myeloid Leukemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frequent uncontrolled infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemotherapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes mellitus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High risk of atheroma formation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bone marrow biopsy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe hemorrhage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Femoral arteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compression stockings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dissecting aneurysm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cessation of smoking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Leg pain with exercise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Doppler studies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase fiber-rich foods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of blood cell formation, primarily in the bone marrow.

Red blood cells, containing hemoglobin, responsible for oxygen transport throughout the body.

A protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen, enabling its transport in the blood.

The process by which the body stops bleeding, involving vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, and coagulation.

The process of blood clotting, forming a fibrin mesh to trap blood cells and seal the wound.

A hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production.

The fluid portion of blood, containing plasma proteins, water, and electrolytes.

Antigen-based system for classifying blood types based on the presence or absence of specific antigens on red blood cells.

Antigen D present in plasma membrane.

Absence of antigen D in plasma membrane.

Increased number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood, commonly associated with infection or inflammation.

Decreased number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood, often seen in viral infections, radiation exposure, or chemotherapy.

Blood test that measures the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells.

A measure of the average volume of individual red blood cells, indicating the efficiency of oxygen transport.

A blood test that estimates the number of newly produced red blood cells, reflecting bone marrow function.

Anemia caused by insufficient iron, impairing hemoglobin synthesis. Results in small, pale red blood cells.

Anemia characterized by very large, immature, nucleated red blood cells due to lack of vitamin B12 absorption.

Anemia resulting from bone marrow failure, leading to a decrease in all blood cell types.

A decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, resulting from problems with hemoglobin, red blood cells, or both.

An artificial form of erythropoietin, a hormone stimulating red blood cell production.

Any disorder affecting the blood or blood-forming organs.

An inflammatory condition affecting the tongue, often associated with vitamin deficiencies, particularly B12.

A condition causing excessive breakdown of red blood cells, leading to anemia. It can be caused by various factors like genetic defects, immune reactions, infections, toxins, and incompatible blood transfusions.

A genetic disorder where red blood cells become abnormally shaped, like sickles, reducing oxygen carrying capacity.

A condition where lower oxygen levels trigger the sickling of red blood cells, resulting in blood vessel blockage and tissue damage.

The presence of abnormally high bilirubin levels in the blood, often seen in conditions like hemolytic anemia.

A serious condition where there is an abnormal overproduction of red blood cells, leading to thickened blood and potential complications.

A type of polycythemia caused by an underlying problem, leading to increased red blood cell production.

A type of polycythemia characterized by an uncontrolled production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

A group of disorders affecting the blood's ability to clot properly, leading to excessive bleeding or clotting.

Tiny, flat, red spots on the skin and mucous membranes, often indicative of bleeding disorders.

A severe inherited clotting disorder caused by a deficiency or abnormality of factor VIII.

The most common inherited clotting disorder, characterized by abnormalities in the von Willebrand factor.

A life-threatening condition involving both excessive bleeding and clotting, leading to widespread tissue damage and organ failure.

A group of inherited or acquired disorders that increase the risk of blood clots forming in veins or arteries.

A group of disorders affecting the bone marrow's ability to produce healthy blood cells.

A group of cancers affecting white blood cells, leading to uncontrolled growth and abnormal function.

A condition where veins in the legs become enlarged, twisted, and often bulging, usually due to weakened vein walls or valves.

A blood clot that forms in a vein, often in the legs. It can be accompanied by inflammation (thrombophlebitis) or occur without inflammation (phlebothrombosis).

One of the factors contributing to the formation of a blood clot in a vein. It involves blood flow that is slowed or stagnant.

One of the factors contributing to the formation of a blood clot in a vein. It involves damage to the inner lining of blood vessels.

One of the factors contributing to the formation of a blood clot in a vein. It involves a tendency for blood to clot more easily than normal.

Any type of change in arteries, leading to a decrease in elasticity and narrowing of the lumen, often causing high blood pressure.

A specific type of arteriosclerosis where plaques build up in large arteries, consisting of fat, calcium, and potentially clots. It's linked to diet, exercise, and stress.

A type of lipoprotein that carries cholesterol from the liver to the cells, often contributing to the formation of atheromas in atherosclerosis.

Carries cholesterol away from cells back to the liver for processing, reducing the risk of atheromas - often referred to as 'good' cholesterol.

A type of leukemia characterized by a high proportion of immature, nonfunctional white blood cells, usually with an abrupt onset and a rapid course.

A type of leukemia characterized by a higher proportion of mature white blood cells but with reduced function, typically with a slower, insidious onset and a better prognosis.

A localized dilation or weakening in an arterial wall, often due to a defect in the middle layer, with different shapes including bulging on one side, a wider section, or a tear causing blood to separate tissues.

A type of aneurysm that bulges outwards on one side of the arterial wall, like a sac.

An aneurysm that affects a wider section of the artery with circumferential widening of the vessel wall.

A type of aneurysm where a tear in the inner layer of the aorta allows blood to flow between the layers, separating the tissues like a dissection.

A condition affecting arteries outside of the heart, often occurring in the legs and abdomen, caused by atherosclerosis. It's more common with diabetes.

Pain in the legs that comes and goes, caused by insufficient blood flow to muscles during exercise, a classic symptom of peripheral vascular disease.

A test that uses sound waves to assess blood flow through arteries, often used to diagnose peripheral vascular disease.