Hematology 101: Introduction to Blood

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What is the primary function of antibodies in the blood?

To destroy pathogenic substances (correct)

To regulate body temperature

To initiate blood clotting

To transport hormones to their target cells

What is the main component of blood that helps to regulate pH levels?

Plasma (correct)

Platelets

Leukocytes

Hormones

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

Production of hormones (correct)

Transportation of oxygen

Protection against invading microorganisms

Regulation of body temperature

What is the term for the process by which blood helps to regulate body temperature?

Thermoregulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate volume of blood in an average adult?

5 liters Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the suspended substances found in plasma?

Colloidal solution Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

To carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

34% Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein is responsible for maintaining osmotic balance in the blood?

Albumin Signup and view all the answers

What is the average concentration of hemoglobin in 100 ml of male blood?

16 gm Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?

To stop bleeding through clotting mechanism Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate diameter of a red blood cell?

7.8 µm Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ratio between plasma and cellular elements in blood?

Hematocrit Signup and view all the answers

Where are nucleated red blood cells produced in the early weeks of embryonic life?

Yolk sac Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the anemia caused by the loss of function of bone marrow?

Bone marrow aplasia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the production of all types of blood cells?

Hemopoiesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the waste product that is excreted by the kidneys?

Urea Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a condition where the percentage of red blood cells is above 45%?

Polycythemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Erythroblastosis fetalis?

Maternal antibodies attacking red cells in the baby Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is also known as Mediterranean anemia?

Thalasemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the average lifespan of red blood cells in the circulatory system?

120 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytoplasmic enzymes in red blood cells?

Metabolizing glucose to form ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ATP in red blood cells?

Maintaining membrane transport of ions Signup and view all the answers

Why do red blood cells become more fragile over time?

Due to a decrease in their metabolic rate Signup and view all the answers