Hematology 101: Introduction to Blood
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of antibodies in the blood?

  • To destroy pathogenic substances (correct)
  • To regulate body temperature
  • To initiate blood clotting
  • To transport hormones to their target cells

What is the main component of blood that helps to regulate pH levels?

  • Plasma (correct)
  • Platelets
  • Leukocytes
  • Hormones

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

  • Production of hormones (correct)
  • Transportation of oxygen
  • Protection against invading microorganisms
  • Regulation of body temperature

What is the term for the process by which blood helps to regulate body temperature?

<p>Thermoregulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate volume of blood in an average adult?

<p>5 liters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the suspended substances found in plasma?

<p>Colloidal solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

<p>To carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

<p>34% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein is responsible for maintaining osmotic balance in the blood?

<p>Albumin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average concentration of hemoglobin in 100 ml of male blood?

<p>16 gm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?

<p>To stop bleeding through clotting mechanism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate diameter of a red blood cell?

<p>7.8 µm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ratio between plasma and cellular elements in blood?

<p>Hematocrit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are nucleated red blood cells produced in the early weeks of embryonic life?

<p>Yolk sac (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the anemia caused by the loss of function of bone marrow?

<p>Bone marrow aplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the production of all types of blood cells?

<p>Hemopoiesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the waste product that is excreted by the kidneys?

<p>Urea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a condition where the percentage of red blood cells is above 45%?

<p>Polycythemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Erythroblastosis fetalis?

<p>Maternal antibodies attacking red cells in the baby (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is also known as Mediterranean anemia?

<p>Thalasemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average lifespan of red blood cells in the circulatory system?

<p>120 days (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytoplasmic enzymes in red blood cells?

<p>Metabolizing glucose to form ATP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ATP in red blood cells?

<p>Maintaining membrane transport of ions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do red blood cells become more fragile over time?

<p>Due to a decrease in their metabolic rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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