Human Body Water Quiz

<p>Maintaining constant internal conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intracellular fluid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intracellular fluid is contained within the cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintains blood volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Continual turnover occurs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concentration of H+ ions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reabsorption of glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypothalamus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delirium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyponatremia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmosis associated with electrolytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bicarbonate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Na, Cl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Convulsions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Angiotensin II (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>H+ ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase potassium concentration inside the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases due to fluid retention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kidneys (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases blood volume (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3.7 L (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1500 mg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluid balance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.5 mL/kcal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium chloride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>940 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transmission of electrical signals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greco Works Pizza (2 large slices) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive loss of water and sodium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Profuse sweating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyponatremia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low body water and electrolytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sweating stops and body temperature increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cold skin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps in water retention and electrolyte balance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heightened risk of heat illness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prolonged vomiting or diarrhea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive exercise without fluid replenishment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diuretics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased metabolic rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased intake of artificial sweeteners (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

About 60% of human body weight is water, higher in children, but lower in females, obese individuals, and the elderly. The proportion is determined by body composition.

Water transports nutrients and waste, structures molecules, facilitates reactions, dissolves substances, lubricates, regulates temperature, and maintains blood volume.

Body fluids are inside cells (intracellular) and outside cells (extracellular). The fluids continually exchange to ensure stable internal conditions (homeostasis).

The fluid inside the body's cells.

The fluid outside the body's cells.

The maintenance of stable internal conditions in the body, such as blood chemistry and temperature.

Water accounts for three-quarters of the weight in lean body tissue.

Fat tissue contains less than a quarter of its weight in water.

Water moves across cell membranes following the movement of electrolytes.

Electrolytes found inside the cells.

Electrolytes found outside the cells.

Proteins that attract water and help regulate its movement.

A transport protein important in maintaining fluid balance, moving sodium and potassium across the cell membrane.

A hormone that helps the body conserve water by signaling the kidneys to retain more water.

Kidney-released enzyme triggering sodium reabsorption and water retention.

Body fluids maintain blood volume, influencing blood pressure.

The body's ability to maintain a stable pH level in its fluids, primarily through the actions of buffers, respiration, and kidney function.

Proteins, bicarbonate, and carbonic acid in the blood help neutralize excess acids or bases, preventing major pH shifts.

The lungs control the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood, impacting pH. Increased CO2 leads to a more acidic environment.

The kidneys reabsorb or excrete bicarbonate to fine-tune blood pH. They also filter out waste products.

The hypothalamus in the brain controls thirst, triggering it when blood becomes concentrated (dehydrated) and reducing it when the stomach is full.

Dehydration leads to thirst, weakness, exhaustion, and even delirium if severe.

Drinking too much water too quickly can dilute electrolytes in the blood, causing confusion, convulsions, and even death (hyponatremia).

Body fluids are found inside cells (intracellular) and outside cells (extracellular). Continuous exchange between these compartments is vital for maintaining stable internal conditions (homeostasis).

Conditions that cause fluid imbalance include prolonged vomiting, diarrhea, excessive sweating, burns, wounds, and certain medications.

The specific electrolytes lost during fluid imbalance depend on the cause of the fluid loss. For example, sweat primarily contains sodium.

Dehydration occurs when the body loses more water than it takes in, resulting in negative water balance.

Common causes of dehydration include diarrhea, vomiting, fever, excessive sweating, unmanaged diabetes, and diuretic use.

Replenishing lost fluids and electrolytes is crucial to address fluid imbalance.

Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance is vital for many bodily functions, including maintaining blood volume, transporting nutrients, removing waste, and regulating body temperature.

Water helps regulate body temperature by absorbing and releasing heat.

Adults should aim to consume 1.0 to 1.5 mL of water per calorie expended daily.

Infants and athletes require approximately 1.5 mL of water per calorie expended daily.

Sodium plays crucial roles in fluid balance, acid-base balance, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction.

Sodium is readily absorbed from the digestive system and travels freely in the bloodstream to the kidneys.

The Adequate Intake (AI) for sodium is 1500 mg/day for adults aged 19-50, 1300 mg/day for adults aged 51-70, and 1200 mg/day for adults over 70.

The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) for sodium is 2300 mg/day.

A McDonald's Big Mac contains a whopping 940 mg of sodium.

A Tim Horton's Roast Beef and Cheddar Sandwich contains 1260 mg of sodium, and a large hot chocolate contains 310 mg.

Muscle spasms caused by excessive water and sodium loss during strenuous activity in hot environments.

A condition characterized by profuse sweating, trying to cool down the body. It can lead to heat collapse if not addressed.

A serious medical condition where sweating stops, and body temperature increases. It often occurs during strenuous work in hot environments.

Potassium is essential for muscle contractions, nerve impulses, and regulating heart rhythm.

Excess sodium can lead to high blood pressure, water retention, and headaches.

Lack of potassium can cause muscle cramps, weakness, and irregular heartbeat.