Human Body and Organ Systems Study Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Match the following components of blood with their functions:

Red Blood Cells (RBCs) = Carry oxygen and carbon dioxide White Blood Cells (WBCs) = Fight against germs and produce antibodies Platelets = Help in blood clotting

Which one of the following organs is NOT a part of the respiratory system?

  • Alveoli
  • Trachea
  • Lungs
  • Liver (correct)

What is the main function of the diaphragm?

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that contracts and relaxes to help with breathing. During inhalation, it contracts and flattens, expanding the chest cavity. During exhalation, it relaxes and moves upwards, decreasing the chest cavity.

Blood can be manufactured artificially.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hemoglobin in blood?

<p>Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that binds to oxygen and carries it to the body's tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following blood groups is considered a 'universal donor'?

<p>O (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a component of the circulatory system?

<p>Lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ carries air from the nose to the lungs.

<p>trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between external respiration and internal respiration?

<p>External respiration is the exchange of gases between the body and the environment, while internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and the cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is blood donation considered superior to other donations?

<p>Blood cannot be manufactured artificially. It is needed in emergency situations, and donation can save lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The heart is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood to all parts of the body.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs?

<p>The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the blood and the air we breathe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the respiratory, digestive, and circulatory systems work together.

<p>The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients, which are absorbed into the bloodstream by the circulatory system. The circulatory system then transports these nutrients to cells throughout the body. The respiratory system provides oxygen to the blood, which is carried to the cells by the circulatory system, and removes carbon dioxide from the cells, transporting it to the lungs to be exhaled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some health parameters that should be checked before donating blood?

<p>A blood donor should be healthy, have a normal hemoglobin level, and not have any infectious diseases or addictions. They should also be eligible based on their blood type and other factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between arteries and veins?

<p>Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body's tissues, while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Arteries are thicker and have higher blood pressure than veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

<p>Producing hormones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of high blood pressure?

<p>High blood pressure, or hypertension, can have various causes, including lifestyle factors like obesity, lack of exercise, high sodium intake, and stress, as well as underlying medical conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some steps that someone with hypertension can take to manage their condition?

<p>People with hypertension should consult a doctor to determine the best treatment plan for their specific situation. It may involve lifestyle changes such as losing weight, exercising regularly, reducing salt intake, and managing stress. Medications may also be prescribed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Normal Heart Rate

The average number of heartbeats per minute in a healthy adult.

Hemoglobin

The red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body, giving blood its characteristic color.

RBC Count

The number of red blood cells (RBCs) per unit volume of blood, indicating oxygen-carrying capacity.

WBC Count

The number of white blood cells (WBCs) per unit volume of blood, indicating the body's immune response strength.

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Blood Donation Volume

The volume of blood donated in a single donation, typically around 350 ml.

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Normal Body Temperature

The standard body temperature in humans, measured in degrees Celsius.

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pH of Oxygenated Blood

The measure of acidity or alkalinity of a substance, oxygenated blood is slightly alkaline.

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External Respiration

The process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide, involving the lungs and respiratory system.

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Internal Respiration

The process of gas exchange between blood and individual cells, where oxygen is delivered and carbon dioxide is collected.

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Inhalation

The process of taking air into the lungs, expanding the chest cavity.

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Exhalation

The process of releasing air from the lungs, contracting the chest cavity.

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Diaphragm

The muscular sheet that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity, playing a crucial role in breathing.

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Arteries

The network of blood vessels that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

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Veins

The network of blood vessels that carries deoxygenated blood back from the body to the heart.

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Blood Plasma

The fluid component of blood, containing water, proteins, nutrients, and other substances.

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Blood Transfusion

The process of transferring blood from one person to another, often in emergencies or medical treatments.

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Platelets

The small, colorless cells found in blood that help stop bleeding by forming clots.

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Blood Corpuscles

The cells found in blood, including red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets.

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Alveoli

The small, air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

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Capillaries

The tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins, allowing for the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste.

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Cardiac Muscle

The type of muscle tissue found in the heart, responsible for its rhythmic contractions.

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Voluntary Muscle

The type of muscle tissue that is under conscious control, used for movement.

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Involuntary Muscle

The type of muscle tissue that is not under conscious control, found in organs like the heart and stomach.

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Hypertension

A condition characterized by high blood pressure, a significant health concern that can lead to complications.

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Iron

A substance composed of iron that is essential for the transport of oxygen in the blood.

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Digestion

The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that the body can absorb.

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Tissue Fluid

The fluid that surrounds cells, providing nutrients and removing waste products.

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Excretion

The process of removing waste products from the body.

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Fibrinogen

A protein found in blood plasma that helps in blood clotting.

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Red Bone Marrow

The bone marrow responsible for producing red blood cells.

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Study Notes

Human Body and Organ Systems - Study Notes

  • Heartbeats: Group A - 72 per minute, Group B - 72 per minute
  • Red Blood Cells (RBCs): Group A - 50-60 lakh/mm³, Group B - 5000-6000 per mm³
  • White Blood Cells (WBCs): Group A - 5000 - 6000 per mm³, Group B - 5000-6000 per mm³
  • Blood Donation Value: Blood donation is considered superior because it cannot be manufactured and can save a human life.
  • Normal Body Temperature: 37°C
  • pH of Oxygenated Blood: 7.4

Respiratory System

  • Organs: Nose, Pharynx (throat), Windpipe (trachea), Lungs, Alveoli, Diaphragm
  • Functions: Inhaling and exhaling air; filtering, warming, and humidifying air; a common passage for food and air; carries air to the lungs; space for gas exchange; actual gas exchange; controlling breathing movements
  • Respiratory System and Circulatory System: these systems work in coordination for oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide release.

Circulatory System

  • Organs: Heart, Arteries, Veins, Blood Capillaries, Blood
  • Functions: Muscular pump; carry blood away from heart; carry blood to the heart; exchange of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, vitamins, etc.; various functions depending on blood cell type (RBCs carry oxygen/carbon dioxide, WBCs fight disease, platelets clot blood); carries out definite functions and gives fluidity to blood.

Blood and Blood Groups

  • Human Blood Color: Red due to hemoglobin, a protein with iron.
  • Diaphragm Movement: Up and down consecutively during breathing; This creates pressure changes for air intake and exhalation
  • Universal Donor: Blood type O is considered as a universal donor because it does not have antigens that cause clotting reactions in recipients

Health Parameters for Blood Donors

  • Donors: Should be healthy with normal RBC and WBC counts; should not have HIV, infectious diseases or be under the effects of substances like drugs or alcohol

Internal Structure of Heart

  • Diagram showing: right and left pulmonary arteries, superior/inferior vena cava, right/left atrium, bicuspid/tricuspid valves, left ventricle, semilunar valve of systemic aorta, etc.

Functional Correlation of Systems

  • Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive, and Excretory Systems: Respiratory system provides oxygen to the circulatory system, the digestive system provides nutrients, and the excretory system removes waste. They work together to keep the body functioning.

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Science Chp 11 Std 8 PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the human body and its organ systems with this informative quiz. Explore important concepts such as heartbeats, blood composition, and the functions of the respiratory and circulatory systems. Perfect for students learning about human biology and anatomy.

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