Human Body Organ Systems and Cavities

Organ Systems

• The human body is composed of 11 organ systems that work together to maintain homeostasis:
  1. Nervous system
  2. Circulatory system
  3. Respiratory system
  4. Digestive system
  5. Endocrine system
  6. Immune system
  7. Integumentary system
  8. Muscular system
  9. Skeletal system
  10. Urinary system
  11. Reproductive system

Body Cavities

• The human body has two main cavities:
  • Dorsal cavity: contains the brain and spinal cord
  • Ventral cavity: contains the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
    • Thoracic cavity: contains the lungs, heart, and major blood vessels
    • Abdominopelvic cavity: contains the abdominal and pelvic organs

Body Regions

• The human body can be divided into several regions:
  • Head and neck
  • Thorax (chest)
  • Abdomen
  • Pelvis
  • Upper limb (arm)
  • Lower limb (leg)

Tissue Types

• There are four main tissue types in the human body:
  1. Epithelial tissue: forms the lining of organs and glands
  2. Connective tissue: provides support and structure
  3. Muscle tissue: allows for movement and contraction
  4. Nervous tissue: transmits and processes information

Body Directions

• Anatomical directions:
  • Superior: towards the head
  • Inferior: towards the feet
  • Anterior: towards the front
  • Posterior: towards the back
  • Medial: towards the midline
  • Lateral: away from the midline
  • Proximal: towards the trunk
  • Distal: away from the trunk

Organ Systems

• Human body is composed of 11 organ systems that work together to maintain homeostasis
• These 11 systems are: Nervous, Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive, Endocrine, Immune, Integumentary, Muscular, Skeletal, Urinary, and Reproductive

Body Cavities

• Human body has two main cavities: Dorsal and Ventral
• Dorsal cavity contains the brain and spinal cord
• Ventral cavity contains the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
• Thoracic cavity contains the lungs, heart, and major blood vessels
• Abdominopelvic cavity contains the abdominal and pelvic organs

Body Regions

• Human body can be divided into several regions: Head and neck, Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis, Upper limb, and Lower limb

Tissue Types

• There are four main tissue types: Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nervous
• Epithelial tissue forms the lining of organs and glands
• Connective tissue provides support and structure
• Muscle tissue allows for movement and contraction
• Nervous tissue transmits and processes information

Body Directions

• Anatomical directions include: Superior, Inferior, Anterior, Posterior, Medial, Lateral, Proximal, and Distal
• Superior refers to the direction towards the head
• Inferior refers to the direction towards the feet
• Anterior refers to the direction towards the front
• Posterior refers to the direction towards the back
• Medial refers to the direction towards the midline
• Lateral refers to the direction away from the midline
• Proximal refers to the direction towards the trunk
• Distal refers to the direction away from the trunk