Human Body and Digestion Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the enzyme responsible for the chemical breakdown of polysaccharides?

Pancreatic amylase (correct)

Salivary amylase

Gastric protease

Pancreatic lipase

What is the normal BMI range for adults?

25.5 to 30.9

20.5 to 26.9

15.5 to 20.9

18.5 to 24.9 (correct)

When do parents/carers need to start brushing their children's teeth?

At 1 year old

As soon as the first tooth erupts (correct)

At 6 months old

At 2 years old

How does sugar cause tooth decay?

It provides a food source for bacteria in the mouth Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is released during hyperglycemia?

Insulin Signup and view all the answers

At what age should solid foods be introduced to a baby?

6 months Signup and view all the answers

What type of food is tooth and health friendly for young children?

Fresh fruits like apples or pears Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of insulin in the body?

To decrease blood sugar levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of understanding all medications a patient is taking, including over-the-counter drugs, in providing safe and effective care?

To identify potential drug interactions, allergies, or contraindications Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the mechanical breakdown of polysaccharides?

In the mouth, where salivary amylase breaks down carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of Joe's discomfort and pain?

Stomach acid flowing back into the esophagus Signup and view all the answers

How does Losec decrease acid production in the stomach?

By inhibiting the production of stomach acid Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication is Losec?

Proton pump inhibitor Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of salivary amylase?

To break down carbohydrates into simple sugars Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the condition that Joe has been diagnosed with?

Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GORD) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of another proton pump inhibitor medication?

Lansoprazole Signup and view all the answers

What should a woman do when considering oral contraception pills while breastfeeding?

Consult with a healthcare provider to ensure the chosen method is suitable for her specific situation Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'G' in APGAR score stand for?

Grimace response (reflexes) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a breastfed baby's faeces/stool?

It is softer, more yellowish in colour, and has a slightly sweet smell Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the APGAR score?

To evaluate the newborn's overall health and well-being at birth Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the faeces/stool of breastfed and formula-fed babies?

Breastfed babies have softer, more yellowish stools with a slightly sweet smell Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'R' in APGAR score?

It represents the newborn's respiratory rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of consulting a healthcare provider when considering oral contraception pills while breastfeeding?

To ensure the chosen method is suitable for the woman's specific situation Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'A' in APGAR score?

Appearance (skin color) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Digestive System

Pancreatic amylase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down polysaccharides into maltose and simple sugars in the small intestine.
Mechanical breakdown of polysaccharides begins in the mouth with chewing, and salivary amylase initiates the breakdown of complex carbohydrates.

Nutrition and Health

Normal BMI range for adults is 18.5 to 24.9.
Parents/caregivers should start brushing their children's teeth as soon as the first tooth erupts.
Sugar causes tooth decay by providing a food source for bacteria in the mouth, which metabolize sugars and produce acids that lead to cavities and decay.
Tooth- and health-friendly foods for children include fresh fruits, vegetables, dairy products, nuts, and seeds.

Hormones and Sugar

Insulin is the hormone released during hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels) to regulate blood glucose levels.

Reproduction and Sexuality

The nurse should recommend introducing solid foods to newborns at around 6 months, not 3 months.

Energy and Metabolism

The pathway of a bolus from ingestion to the stomach involves mechanical digestion in the mouth, mixing with saliva containing amylase, and traveling down the esophagus via peristalsis.
GORD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) symptoms include epigastric pain, heartburn, and discomfort due to stomach acid flowing back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the esophageal lining.
Losec decreases acid production in the stomach by inhibiting proton pumps, reducing acid secretion.
Proton pump inhibitor medications include omeprazole and lansoprazole.

APGAR Score

The APGAR score measures a newborn's Appearance, Pulse, Grimace response, Activity, and Respiration.

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Description

Test your knowledge of human body functions, including digestion and BMI measurements.