Human Blood Components and Functions Quiz

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Which component of blood is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen?

Platelets
Red blood cells (correct)
Plasma
White blood cells

Platelets are the smallest blood cells and are essential for blood clotting.

True (A)

What is the liquid component of blood called?

plasma

The _____ is the largest lymphatic organ that filters blood.

spleen Signup and view all the answers

Match the description with the correct blood component or organ:

Red blood cells = Blood cells responsible for oxygen transport White blood cells = Cells that fight pathogens Plasma = Liquid component of blood Spleen = Largest lymphatic organ that filters blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of plasma in blood?

To carry nutrients and waste products (B) Signup and view all the answers

White blood cells are primarily responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of alveoli in the respiratory system?

Gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide. Signup and view all the answers

The _____ is the largest lymphatic organ that filters blood.

spleen Signup and view all the answers

Match the following blood components with their functions:

Red blood cells = Carry oxygen Platelets = Clotting White blood cells = Fight pathogens Antibodies = Attack disease substances Signup and view all the answers

Which verse states that if you suffer for righteousness' sake, you should not be afraid of their terror?

1 Peter 3:14 (B) Signup and view all the answers

The principal organs of mechanical respiration are the superior vena cava.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest lymphatic organ that filters blood?

spleen Signup and view all the answers

The tiny sacs at the end of the bronchioles in the lungs, where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged, are called __________.

alveoli Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Spleen = Largest lymphatic organ; filters blood Alveoli = Tiny sacs for gas exchange in the lungs Respiration using oxygen = Type of respiration that breaks down glucose to release energy Superior vena cava = Major vein that carries deoxygenated blood to the heart Signup and view all the answers

What function of the nervous system involves voluntary movement of the skeletal muscles?

Motor (B) Signup and view all the answers

The cerebellum is responsible for controlling motor and sensory functions as well as cognitive functions.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the largest division of the brain that controls most cognitive functions?

cerebrum Signup and view all the answers

The ____ is an extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the soma.

axon Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

Corpus Callosum = Bridge between the right and left cerebral hemispheres Myelin = Covers and insulates most axons Dendrite = Carries nerve impulses toward the soma Neuroglial = Cells that support neurons and form myelin sheaths Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for involuntary actions such as breathing?

Brain stem (Medulla Oblongata) (C) Signup and view all the answers

The cerebellum is the largest division of the brain.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sensory nerves?

Transmit sensory information to the CNS Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of myelin in the nervous system?

Insulates and covers axons to speed up impulses (B) Signup and view all the answers

The _______ is a fatty substance that covers and insulates axons, speeding up nerve impulses.

Myelin sheath Signup and view all the answers

The cerebrum is responsible for coordinating balance and muscle tone.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of efferent neurons?

They carry motor command impulses away from the central nervous system. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes white matter in the nervous system?

Myelinated axons (B) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the nervous system with their descriptions:

Axon = Carries nerve impulses away from the cell body Dendrite = Receives nerve impulses from other cells Soma = Body of a neuron Neuroglia = Support and insulate neurons Signup and view all the answers

A reflex arc involves impulses going to the brain before responding.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What part of the nervous system connects the brain to the spinal cord?

Brain Stem Signup and view all the answers

Grey matter consists of myelinated axons.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What sensory information does the auditory cortex process?

Sounds Signup and view all the answers

The _____ carries nerve impulses away from the soma.

axon Signup and view all the answers

The _____ nervous system is activated during strong emotions and is known as the fight-or-flight system.

sympathetic Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parts of the brain with their functions:

Cerebellum = Coordination and balance Cerebrum = Motor and sensory functions Medulla oblongata = Control of vital functions Corpus Callosum = Connects right and left hemispheres Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells form myelin sheaths around axons?

Neuroglia cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the sensory nerve with its corresponding sensory information:

Olfactory nerves = Smells Gustatory nerves = Taste Auditory nerves = Sounds Optic nerves = Images Signup and view all the answers

What part of the brain interprets taste?

Gustatory cortex (C) Signup and view all the answers

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for calming the body after stress.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sensory receptors in the skin?

They detect temperature, pain, and touch. Signup and view all the answers

The _____ nervous system helps return organs to normal operation after a stressful situation.

parasympathetic Signup and view all the answers

Match the parts of the heart with their descriptions:

Atria = Upper chambers of the heart Ventricles = Lower chambers of the heart Valves = Structures that connect atria and ventricles Myocardium = Muscular tissue that makes up the heart walls Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the circulatory system?

Providing oxygen and nutrients to the body (B) Signup and view all the answers

The myocardium is a thin layer of tissue surrounding the heart.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What structure encases and protects the heart?

pericardium Signup and view all the answers

The largest systemic artery in the body is the __________.

aorta Signup and view all the answers

Match the following heart chambers with their locations:

Left atrium = Upper chamber Right atrium = Upper chamber Left ventricle = Lower chamber Right ventricle = Lower chamber Signup and view all the answers

Blood Pressure Regulation

The continuous dilation and constriction of arteries in response to changes in blood pressure.

Superior Vena Cava Function

Carries blood from the upper body back to the right atrium.