Human Blood and Hemoglobin Functions

To carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues.

Sickle cell anemia red blood cells are elongated and crescent-shaped, unlike the normal disc shape.

Iron binds to oxygen, allowing hemoglobin to transport it throughout the body.

<p>It can lead to anemia, resulting in fatigue and weakness due to inadequate oxygen delivery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A nosebleed can indicate excessive bleeding, potentially resulting from trauma or underlying health issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A closed circulatory system contains blood within vessels, while an open circulatory system allows blood to flow freely within a cavity without vessel confinement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In terms of hematocrit, plasma constitutes 56% and red blood cells make up 45% of blood composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hemoglobin in erythrocytes binds to oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin, facilitating the transport of oxygen throughout the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma appears yellow due to the presence of proteins, salts, sugars, glycerol, hormones, vitamins, minerals, antibodies, enzymes, and waste products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erythrocytes are reddish brown and uniquely shaped to maximize surface area for oxygen absorption and transport, enhancing their function in the circulatory system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brain problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steel shot prevents lead poisoning, helping maintain the duck population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The duck will be unable to find a new stone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It weakens the eggs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lead was used in their ceramics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymph nodes help fight bacteria by producing macrophages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They swell due to increased macrophage production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White blood cells are also known as leukocytes, and they are essential for combating infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ceramics with lead are not safe for food use due to health risks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Swollen lymph nodes indicate that the body is fighting an infection, which often leads to illness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Leukemia causes both an increase in white blood cells and a decrease in red blood cells, leading to anemia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As people age, their bones tend to have less calcium, which can lead to weaker bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting and is produced in the large intestine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thromboplastin is crucial for the clotting process, helping to form blood clots when injury occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hemophilia is a genetic disorder affecting blood clotting, leading to excessive bleeding due to a deficiency in specific clotting factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of prothrombin, which is crucial for blood clot formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin, which forms a mesh that stabilizes the clot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium ions act as a cofactor for several steps in the clotting cascade, facilitating the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fibrin forms the structural framework of the clot, trapping blood cells and platelets to prevent further bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heparin acts as an anticoagulant, inhibiting thrombin and preventing unwanted clot formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of certain proteins necessary for blood coagulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phagocytosis is the process by which white blood cells engulf and digest pathogens, crucial for immune defense.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anemia leads to a reduced number of red blood cells or their impaired function, causing decreased oxygen transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thromboplastin is synthesized in response to tissue injury and facilitates the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin during clotting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The matrix provides a structural framework for platelets and fibrin to adhere and form a stable blood clot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Repeated disturbance of a scab can lead to reopening the wound and prolonging the healing process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heparin acts as an anticoagulant, which means it can dissolve clots and prevent blood from coagulating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platelets are essential for forming clots that stop bleeding by filling gaps in damaged blood vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive heparin can lead to the dissolution of scabs, which compromises wound closure and may result in excessive bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A closed circulatory system ensures efficient transport of nutrients, gases, and waste products, thereby maintaining stable internal conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers