BIO 226 Chap 17: Red Blood Cells Function and Characteristics

<p>1% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because they lack a nucleus and cannot repair themselves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are engulfed by macrophages in the spleen, liver, or bone marrow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The same as the surface area of their skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross-reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above are significant aspects of the 'Rh' in the Rh blood group. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above are potential consequences of an incompatible blood transfusion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rh positive individuals have the Rh surface antigen, while Rh negative individuals lack it. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>O negative (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Native North American (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hispanic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chinese American (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is broken down into iron and bilirubin, which are recycled or excreted. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of stercobilins, produced by bacterial conversion of bilirubin. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hematuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A, B, and Rh (or D) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Agglutination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type B blood has antibodies that will attack type A red blood cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased bilirubin levels in blood, due to the liver's inability to process bilirubin. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transporting wastes to kidneys (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By neutralizing acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It restricts fluid loss through clotting. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Veins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Permit exchange between blood and interstitial fluids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White blood cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cary blood away from the heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formation of red blood cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In red bone marrow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They start producing hemoglobin. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They engulf old RBCs to prevent hemolysis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of hemoglobin in urine. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transferrin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High levels of bilirubin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low tissue oxygen levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High blood sugar levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells and platelets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Components are broken down and reused (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It prevents transfusion reactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutrophils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hormone released in response to low oxygen levels in tissues.

A condition of low oxygen levels in tissues.

Factors that trigger EPO production include anemia, low blood flow to kidneys, and lung issues.

Cells that EPO stimulates to produce red blood cells.

The study of blood, its components, and diseases.

A lab test that evaluates the cellular components of blood.

A system to classify blood based on presence of antigens.

A condition due to incompatible blood types between mother and baby.

Bacteria convert bilirubin into these substances in the large intestine, coloring feces.

Kidneys excrete hemoglobin and urobilins, which gives urine its yellow color.

Presence of intact RBCs in urine, indicating urinary tract damage.

Blood type is determined by specific surface antigens on RBCs, recognized by the immune system.

Classifies blood based on presence or absence of A and B antigens or agglutinogens.

Clumping of RBCs occurs when antigens are exposed to corresponding antibodies from another blood type.

Number of RBCs per microliter of blood; normal range is 4.5-6.3 million for males and 4.2-5.5 million for females.

Biconcave discs with thinner centers and thicker edges to maximize surface area.

Liver disease can elevate bilirubin levels in the blood due to impaired processing.

High surface area relative to volume allowing more oxygen exchange.

Substances in RBC plasma membranes that elicit immune responses; include A, B, and Rh.

RBCs form stacks (rouleaux) to facilitate transport in small vessels.

RBCs can squeeze through narrow capillaries smaller than their diameter.

Mature RBCs lack nuclei and ribosomes, preventing them from dividing or repairing.

RBCs last long enough to carry about 1 billion oxygen molecules during their lifetime.

A percentage of circulating RBCs are replaced daily; 2 million new RBCs every second.

Consists of heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Carries gases, nutrients, hormones, and wastes.

Delivers oxygen from lungs to tissues.

Transports carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs.

Blood helps maintain pH and ion balance in fluids.

Prevents fluid loss at injury sites by forming clots.

Transports white blood cells and antibodies to fight infections.

Arteries carry blood away; veins return it to the heart.

An immune response where antibodies react with similar antigens.

The destruction or rupture of red blood cells.

Blood type classification based on Rh antigen presence on red blood cells.

Blood type with Rh surface antigen present.

Blood type lacking the Rh surface antigen.

Variability of blood types within different populations.

A statistic showing the frequency of Rh positive individuals in a population.

The formation of red blood cells in red bone marrow.

Occurs in red bone marrow found in various bones like vertebrae and pelvis.

Immature red blood cells that enter the bloodstream after two days.

Macrophages engulf old RBCs and monitor their condition.

Iron from heme is stored or enters blood bound to transferrin.

Condition causing red or brown urine from breakdown of too many RBCs.

A yellowing of the skin and eyes due to excess bilirubin.