Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the relationship between the 11th and 12th ribs and the sternum?
What is the relationship between the 11th and 12th ribs and the sternum?
- They are floating ribs without any connection. (correct)
- They connect directly to the sternum.
- They attach to costal cartilages.
- They are fused to the xiphoid process.
Which bones contribute to the structure of the pelvis?
Which bones contribute to the structure of the pelvis?
- Ilium, ischium, and pubis (correct)
- Sacrum, humerus, and ischium
- Femur, tibia, and fibula
- Sternum, scapula, and ilium
What is the role of the acetabulum in the lower limb?
What is the role of the acetabulum in the lower limb?
- It forms the socket for the hip joint. (correct)
- It connects the metatarsals to the phalanges.
- It joins the tibia to the patella.
- It is the attachment point for the femur.
Which of the following statements is true about the bones of the ankle and foot?
Which of the following statements is true about the bones of the ankle and foot?
Which bone is considered the longest in the body?
Which bone is considered the longest in the body?
Which bone forms the bridge of the nose?
Which bone forms the bridge of the nose?
Which of the following bones is commonly referred to as the collarbone?
Which of the following bones is commonly referred to as the collarbone?
What is the name of the joint where the mandible connects to the temporal bone?
What is the name of the joint where the mandible connects to the temporal bone?
How many cervical vertebrae are in the spine?
How many cervical vertebrae are in the spine?
Which bone connects the first thoracic vertebra (T1) to the cervical vertebra (C7)?
Which bone connects the first thoracic vertebra (T1) to the cervical vertebra (C7)?
Which of the following bones forms the shoulder's glenohumeral joint?
Which of the following bones forms the shoulder's glenohumeral joint?
Which of the following accurately represents the number of thoracic vertebrae?
Which of the following accurately represents the number of thoracic vertebrae?
How are the metacarpal bones numbered?
How are the metacarpal bones numbered?
Flashcards
Manubrium
Manubrium
The topmost part of the sternum, where the clavicle connects.
Sternoclavicular joint
Sternoclavicular joint
The joint where the clavicle connects to the sternum.
Acetabulum
Acetabulum
The socket on the hip bone where the femur connects.
Patella
Patella
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Calcaneus
Calcaneus
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What bones protect the brain?
What bones protect the brain?
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What bones make up the framework of the face?
What bones make up the framework of the face?
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How are the vertebrae of the spine categorized?
How are the vertebrae of the spine categorized?
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What bone and joint make up the shoulder joint?
What bone and joint make up the shoulder joint?
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What bones form the elbow joint?
What bones form the elbow joint?
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What bones connect the forearm to the hand?
What bones connect the forearm to the hand?
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What bones are found in the fingers and thumb?
What bones are found in the fingers and thumb?
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What are the joints in each finger called?
What are the joints in each finger called?
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Study Notes
Skull
- Consists of cranial and facial bones
- Cranial bones surround the brain
- Frontal bone (front)
- Parietal bone (top)
- Occipital bone (back)
- Temporal bone (beside ear)
- Sphenoid bone (anterior to temporal)
- Ethmoid bone (midline, posterior to nose, inferior to frontal)
- Facial bones form face structure
- Nasal bone (bridge of nose)
- Maxilla (connects nose, cheekbones, upper teeth)
- Zygomatic bones (cheekbones)
- Mandible (jaw bone, connects to temporal at TMJ)
Spine
- Composed of vertebrae
- 7 Cervical vertebrae (C1-C7)
- C1 (Atlas)
- C2 (Axis)
- 12 Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12)
- 5 Lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5)
- Sacrum
- Coccyx
- 7 Cervical vertebrae (C1-C7)
- Vertebrae numbered superior to inferior
Upper Limb
- Clavicle (collarbone) - horizontal, between sternum and shoulder
- Scapula (shoulder blade) - flat, triangular, posterior
- Humerus (upper arm bone)
- Glenoid fossa (concave area on scapula, meets humerus head for glenohumeral joint)
- Radius and ulna (elbow joint)
- 8 Carpal bones (wrist)
- 5 Metacarpal bones (hand) - numbered 1 to 5 (thumb to little finger)
- Phalanges (fingers and thumb)
- Proximal, middle, and distal phalanges in fingers
- Proximal and distal phalanges in thumb
- Joints: MCPs, PIPs, DIPs, CMC
Thorax
- Clavicle (top), attaches to sternum at sternoclavicular joint
- Sternum: manubrium (top), body, xiphoid process (end)
- 12 Ribs (one for each thoracic vertebra)
- 1–12 numbered
- Costal cartilages connect ribs to sternum
- Floating ribs (11th and 12th) - do not connect to sternum
Pelvis
- Three main bones: ilium, ischium, pubis
- Sacrum (base of spine), attaches to ilium at sacroiliac joint
- Pubis bones (front), join at pubic symphysis
- Ischium (inferiorly)
- Acetabulum (hip joint socket) - formed by the meeting point of all three pelvis bones
Lower Limb
- Femur (thigh bone) - longest bone in body
- Head connects to acetabulum for hip joint
- Tibia and fibula (lower leg), form knee joint
- Tibia - medial
- Fibula - lateral
- Patella (kneecap)
- Tarsal bones (ankle)
- 7 tarsal bones
Ankle and Foot
- Tarsal bones (ankle joint)
- Talus – connects to tibia and fibula
- Calcaneus
- Cuboid
- Navicular
- Three cuneiform bones
- Metatarsals (5), numbered 1 to 5 (big toe to little toe)
- Phalanges - proximal, middle, and distal, except big toe (only proximal and distal)
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