Human Anatomy: Skeletal System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which bones make up the shoulder girdle?

Scapula and Clavicle (correct)

Innominate bone and Ischium

Patella and Metatarsals

Tibia and Fibula

What is the primary function of the hip girdle?

To join the lower limbs with the axial skeleton (correct)

To support the skull

To protect the heart and lungs

To connect the upper limbs to the spine

Which bone is considered the strongest in the human body?

Femur (correct)

Humerus

Clavicle

Pelvis

How many bones are found in the human auditory ossicles?

3 Signup and view all the answers

What do the terms 'Epiphysis' and 'Diaphysis' refer to in bone structure?

Ends and shaft of a long bone Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the bone is responsible for its growth and repair?

Osteogenic cells Signup and view all the answers

What type of bone are the tarsals classified as?

Short bones Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of body weight does the human skeleton comprise?

18% Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of events in the healing of a fractured bone?

Hematoma and clot formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus replacement, remodeling. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is characterized by cylindrical, multinucleated cells?

Skeletal muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the action of smooth muscle?

It is controlled by the autonomic nervous system. Signup and view all the answers

What component is primarily responsible for the hardness and shape of bones during remodeling?

Bony callus Signup and view all the answers

What type of muscle is involuntary and contains branched, striated cells?

Cardiac muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the functions of the ribcage is correct?

It aids in breathing while providing structure to the thoracic cavity. Signup and view all the answers

How does the arrangement of skeletal muscle fibers differ from smooth muscle?

Skeletal muscle fibers are in bundles, while smooth muscle fibers are arranged in sheets. Signup and view all the answers

Which component of bones primarily determines their flexibility?

Collagen fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteoblasts in the skeletal system?

To deposit calcium on collagen Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?

Fibrocartilage Signup and view all the answers

What process is directly involved in repairing cartilage?

Diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes fibrous joints in the human skeletal system?

They are completely immovable Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes osteoclasts from osteoblasts?

Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption, while osteoblasts form bone Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is found within the lacunae of cartilage?

Chondrocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of elastic cartilage?

High flexibility and resilience Signup and view all the answers

How does bone composition benefit its function in the skeletal system?

The combination of collagen and minerals provides strength and flexibility Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Human Skeleton

Patella is commonly known as the kneecap.
Tibia and fibula are the major bones of the leg.
Tarsals form the ankle region.
Metatarsals constitute the sole of the foot.
Phalanges are the bones found in the toes.

Girdles

Girdles link limbs to the axial skeleton.
Shoulder girdle (pectoral) consists of:
- Scapula (shoulder blade)
- Clavicle (collarbone).
Hip girdle (pelvic) includes:
- Innominate bone, composed of ilium, pubis, and ischium.

Skeleton Characteristics

The human skeleton comprises approximately 18% of total body weight.
The femur is known as the longest and strongest bone.
The smallest bones are the auditory ossicles, located in the ear.
The weakest bone is the clavicle.

Bone Structure

Composed of different layers including periosteum and endosteum.
The diaphysis refers to the long shaft of a bone.
The epiphysis is the rounded end of a long bone.

Bone Cellular Structure

Osteogenic cells divide to form osteoblasts.
Osteoblasts are responsible for producing collagen and forming new bone.
Osteoclasts dissolve bone to release calcium, aiding in bone remodeling.
Osteocytes maintain bone tissue and participate in calcium deposition.

Cartilage

Perichondrium is the outer layer of cartilage, containing blood vessels.
Cartilage repair is slow as it relies on diffusion for nutrient transport.
Types of cartilage:
- Hyaline cartilage: found in joints, nose, larynx, and trachea.
- Fibrocartilage: found in intervertebral discs and the knee.
- Elastic cartilage: found in the ear flaps and epiglottis.

Joints and Articulation

Fibrous joints are immovable and complex in structure.
Joint injuries can lead to fractures requiring a repair process that involves hematoma formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, replacement with a bony callus, and remodeling.

Muscular System

Muscle tissue is contractile and does not expand.
Muscles account for about 40% of body weight.
Types of muscles:
- Smooth muscle: involuntary, non-striated, spindleshaped cells.
- Cardiac muscle: involuntary, striated, branched cells with intercalated discs.
- Skeletal muscle: voluntary, striated, and multinucleated.

Control of Muscles

The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary muscle actions, while voluntary actions are under the control of the somatic nervous system.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the human skeletal system with this quiz. Explore the names and functions of various bones, including the patella, tibia, fibula, and more. Ideal for students of anatomy and physiology.