Human Anatomy: Nephron and Excretory System
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Questions and Answers

Which structure in the nephron is primarily responsible for filtering the blood?

  • Proximal convoluted tubule
  • Glomerulus (correct)
  • Loop of Henle
  • Collecting duct
  • What is the main function of the Loop of Henle?

  • Collecting the filtrate from the glomerulus
  • Reabsorbing essential substances from the filtrate
  • Establishing a concentration gradient for water reabsorption (correct)
  • Secreting waste products into the filtrate
  • Which blood vessel carries blood away from the glomerulus?

  • Renal vein
  • Afferent arteriole
  • Renal artery
  • Efferent arteriole (correct)
  • In what part of the nephron does the final concentration of urine occur?

    <p>Collecting duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure directly surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtered fluid?

    <p>Bowman's capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the excretory system?

    <p>To eliminate harmful nitrogenous waste from the body and regulate fluid balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of urine?

    <p>Bile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the structure that connects each kidney to the urinary bladder?

    <p>Ureter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of water in urine?

    <p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives urine its characteristic light yellow color?

    <p>Urochrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the concave part of the kidney where blood vessels and the ureter connect?

    <p>Hilum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the fibrous membrane that covers the kidney?

    <p>Renal capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the kidney?

    <p>Filtering blood, removing waste, and maintaining fluid balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a part of the nephron?

    <p>Ureter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the kidney is located closest to the capsule?

    <p>Cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the functional unit of the kidney?

    <p>Nephron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is a conical-shaped part of the renal medulla?

    <p>Renal Pyramid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure directly conveys urine from the kidney to the bladder?

    <p>Ureter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nephron is a double-layered cup-shaped structure enclosing a network of capillaries?

    <p>Bowman's capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the hilus located on the kidney?

    <p>On the concave or inner surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the nephron does hormonal regulation of water reabsorption mainly occur?

    <p>Distal convoluted tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

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