Excretory System Quiz

<p>To maintain water balance in the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kidneys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To transport urine from kidneys to bladder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glomerulus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases the permeability of the collecting duct to water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Medulla (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glomerulus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the permeability of the collecting duct to water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes Insipidus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secretion of excess wastes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aldosterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To return useful substances to the blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes Insipidus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transplantation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High blood sugar levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The system responsible for removing waste and excess substances from the body.

The primary organ responsible for removing ammonia from the body, turning it into urea.

A toxic waste product that is converted from ammonia by the liver, and eventually excreted by the kidneys.

A waste product that, when built up in the body, can cause pain in the joints. Excreted by the kidneys.

The organs that filter blood, produce urine, and regulate water balance in the body.

The functional unit of the kidney, responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.

The outer layer of the kidney, containing the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.

The inner layer of the kidney, containing the loop of Henle and collecting duct.

The process where blood enters the glomerulus and is filtered into the Bowman's capsule.

The process of regulating water balance by adjusting the permeability of the collecting duct.

The process of removing waste products from the blood and forming urine. It involves three main steps: filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.

A hormone produced by the adrenal glands that regulates sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule and collecting duct, thereby controlling blood pressure and volume.

A condition where the nephrons become inflamed, leading to blood in the urine and excessive urine production.

Blood enters the glomerulus in the nephron, and small molecules like water, glucose, and waste pass through the filter into Bowman's capsule. Larger molecules, like proteins, are retained in the blood.

As filtered fluid moves through the renal tubules, useful substances (glucose, salts, amino acids) are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. This is a vital process to maintain blood solute balance.

Waste products that are not filtered in the glomerulus, or that are actively transported from the blood, are secreted into the nephron's distal tubule. This includes excess drugs and ammonia.

The collecting duct controls urine concentration by adjusting water reabsorption. This is influenced by hormones like ADH.

This hormone increases water permeability in the collecting duct. This means more water can be reabsorbed, leading to more concentrated urine.