30 Questions
What is the primary function of the respiratory system that involves the movement of air?
Moves air into and out of the alveoli
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory tract?
Esophagus
What is the primary function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system that is not directly related to gas exchange?
Produces sounds for speech and communication
What is the name of the passageways that carry air to and from the exchange surfaces of the lungs?
Respiratory tract
Which of the following structures is responsible for protecting respiratory surfaces from dehydration and temperature changes?
Nasal cavity
What is the main function of the trachealis muscle in the trachea?
To dilate the trachea under sympathetic stimulation
What is the main difference between the right primary bronchus and the left primary bronchus?
The right primary bronchus is larger and at a steeper angle than the left primary bronchus
What is the name of the cartilage that supports the walls of the trachea?
Tracheal cartilage
What is the number of tertiary bronchi in each lung?
9-10
What is the name of the muscle that connects the tracheal cartilages?
Trachealis muscle
What is the origin of the trachea?
Larynx
Where is the visceral pleura located?
Covers the outer surface of the lungs
What is the result of a puncture in the parietal pleura?
The lung collapses and the chest wall expands
What is the primary function of the pleural layers?
To secrete serous fluid, reducing friction between the lungs and chest wall
Which anatomical structure separates the right and left pleural cavities?
Mediastinum
What is the term for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and external environment?
External respiration
Where does the process of gas diffusion across the respiratory membrane occur?
In the alveoli
Which part of the respiratory tract is responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying inhaled air?
Conducting portion
What is the function of cilia in the respiratory mucosa?
To propel mucus across the epithelial surface
What is the term for the opening between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx?
Internal nares
What is the function of the pharynx in the respiratory system?
To shared by respiratory and digestive systems
What is the name of the structure that separates the nasopharynx from the oropharynx?
Soft palate
What is the name of the epithelial cells that line the respiratory mucosa?
Ciliated columnar epithelial cells
What is the primary function of pneumocytes type II?
Produce surfactant to reduce surface tension in alveoli
What is the approximate surface area of the lungs due to the abundance of alveoli?
140 m²
What is the name of the condition triggered by a lack of surfactant in alveoli?
Respiratory distress syndrome
What is the diameter of the initial bronchioles that branch from the tertiary bronchi?
1 mm
How many times does the entire bronchial tree branch?
32 times
What is the name of the surface that separates the lung lobes?
Interlobular septum
Test your knowledge of the respiratory system, its primary functions, structures, and anatomy. Learn about the transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
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