Human Anatomy II: Respiratory System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system that involves the movement of air?

  • Provides a large area for gas exchange
  • Aids in the sense of smell
  • Protects respiratory surfaces from dehydration
  • Moves air into and out of the alveoli (correct)

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory tract?

  • Paranasal sinuses
  • Nasal cavity
  • Pharynx
  • Esophagus (correct)

What is the primary function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

  • To protect respiratory surfaces from dehydration
  • To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (correct)
  • To produce sounds for speech and communication
  • To aid in the sense of smell

Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system that is not directly related to gas exchange?

<p>Produces sounds for speech and communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the passageways that carry air to and from the exchange surfaces of the lungs?

<p>Respiratory tract (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is responsible for protecting respiratory surfaces from dehydration and temperature changes?

<p>Nasal cavity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the trachealis muscle in the trachea?

<p>To dilate the trachea under sympathetic stimulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the right primary bronchus and the left primary bronchus?

<p>The right primary bronchus is larger and at a steeper angle than the left primary bronchus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the cartilage that supports the walls of the trachea?

<p>Tracheal cartilage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of tertiary bronchi in each lung?

<p>9-10 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the muscle that connects the tracheal cartilages?

<p>Trachealis muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the trachea?

<p>Larynx (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the visceral pleura located?

<p>Covers the outer surface of the lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a puncture in the parietal pleura?

<p>The lung collapses and the chest wall expands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pleural layers?

<p>To secrete serous fluid, reducing friction between the lungs and chest wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical structure separates the right and left pleural cavities?

<p>Mediastinum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and external environment?

<p>External respiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the process of gas diffusion across the respiratory membrane occur?

<p>In the alveoli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the respiratory tract is responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying inhaled air?

<p>Conducting portion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cilia in the respiratory mucosa?

<p>To propel mucus across the epithelial surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the opening between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx?

<p>Internal nares (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pharynx in the respiratory system?

<p>To shared by respiratory and digestive systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that separates the nasopharynx from the oropharynx?

<p>Soft palate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the epithelial cells that line the respiratory mucosa?

<p>Ciliated columnar epithelial cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pneumocytes type II?

<p>Produce surfactant to reduce surface tension in alveoli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate surface area of the lungs due to the abundance of alveoli?

<p>140 m² (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the condition triggered by a lack of surfactant in alveoli?

<p>Respiratory distress syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter of the initial bronchioles that branch from the tertiary bronchi?

<p>1 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many times does the entire bronchial tree branch?

<p>32 times (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the surface that separates the lung lobes?

<p>Interlobular septum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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