Human Anatomy: Heart and Blood Vessels

Study Notes

The heart has a superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, pulmonary trunk, and coronary sulcus
The coronary sulcus is a groove that separates the atria from the ventricles
The heart has a right and left coronary artery, which supply blood to the heart muscle

The right coronary artery supplies the right atrium, right ventricle, and posterior part of the left ventricle
The left coronary artery supplies the left atrium, left ventricle, and anterior part of the left ventricle
The circumflex artery is a branch of the left coronary artery that supplies the left atrium and left ventricle
The anterior interventricular artery and posterior interventricular artery are branches of the left coronary artery that supply the anterior and posterior parts of the left ventricle, respectively

The coronary sinus is a vein that collects blood from the heart muscle and returns it to the right atrium
The great cardiac vein and small cardiac vein are branches of the coronary sinus that drain the left and right ventricles, respectively
The middle cardiac vein is a branch of the coronary sinus that drains the anterior part of the left ventricle

The ascending aorta gives rise to the right and left coronary arteries
The arch of the aorta gives rise to the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery
The brachiocephalic trunk gives rise to the right subclavian artery and right common carotid artery
The subclavian artery gives rise to the vertebral artery, thyrocervical trunk, and internal thoracic artery
The internal thoracic artery gives rise to the anterior intercostal arteries and posterior intercostal arteries

The circle of Willis is a circle of arteries that supplies blood to the brain
The anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior cerebral artery are branches of the circle of Willis that supply the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the brain, respectively
The vertebral artery and basilar artery are branches of the subclavian artery that supply the posterior part of the brain

The subclavian artery gives rise to the axillary artery, which supplies the upper limb
The axillary artery gives rise to the brachial artery, which supplies the arm
The brachial artery gives rise to the radial artery and ulnar artery, which supply the forearm and hand
The radial artery and ulnar artery give rise to the superficial palmar arch and deep palmar arch, which supply the palmar surface of the hand

The thoracic aorta gives rise to the posterior intercostal arteries, which supply the posterior thoracic wall
The thoracic aorta also gives rise to the esophageal arteries, bronchial arteries, and mediastinal arteries, which supply the esophagus, lungs, and mediastinum, respectively

The abdominal aorta gives rise to the celiac trunk, which supplies the stomach, small intestine, and liver
The abdominal aorta also gives rise to the superior mesenteric artery, which supplies the small intestine, and the inferior mesenteric artery, which supplies the large intestine
The abdominal aorta gives rise to the renal arteries, which supply the kidneys, and the gonadal arteries, which supply the reproductive organs

The superior vena cava returns blood from the upper part of the body to the right atrium
The inferior vena cava returns blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium
The venous drainage of the head and neck is through the internal jugular vein and external jugular vein, which drain into the subclavian vein and brachiocephalic vein, respectively
The venous drainage of the upper limb is through the brachial vein and cephalic vein, which drain into the subclavian vein and axillary vein, respectively