L6 Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following bones articulate at the elbow joint?

  • Humerus and radius (correct)
  • Humerus and femur
  • Radius and femur
  • Ulna and scapula

What is one of the primary ligaments associated with the elbow joint?

  • Radial collateral ligament (correct)
  • Coracoacromial ligament
  • Patellar ligament
  • Achilles tendon

Which movement is primarily produced by the muscles around the elbow joint?

  • Rotation and circumduction
  • Elevation and depression
  • Flexion and extension (correct)
  • Abduction and adduction

Which of the following correctly classifies the elbow joint?

<p>Hinge joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is primarily responsible for elbow flexion?

<p>Biceps brachii (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle of the forearm is responsible for flexing and abducting the wrist joint?

<p>Flexor carpi radialis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle?

<p>Ulnar nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is performed by the flexor digitorum superficialis?

<p>Flexes proximal inter-phalangeal joints (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the action of the pronator teres muscle?

<p>Pronation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles does NOT belong to the superficial layer of the forearm muscles?

<p>Flexor policis longus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the flexor retinaculum serve in the wrist?

<p>It prevents flexor tendons from popping out. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the brachioradialis muscle?

<p>To flex the elbow. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint is the superior radioulnar joint classified as?

<p>Synovial pivot joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ligaments are involved in stabilizing the elbow joint?

<p>Collateral and annular ligaments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is primarily responsible for elbow extension?

<p>Triceps brachii (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the annular ligament in the forearm?

<p>It holds the head of the radius to the ulna. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure connects the shafts of the radius and ulna?

<p>Interosseous membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of median nerve compression in the carpal tunnel?

<p>Development of carpal tunnel syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ligaments are specifically associated with the stability of the elbow joint?

<p>Annular ligament and Ulnar collateral ligament (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is involved in the extension of the elbow joint?

<p>Triceps brachii (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the flexor retinaculum in the forearm?

<p>Prevent flexor tendons from bowstringing at the wrist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the synovial joint type of the inferior radioulnar joint.

<p>Pivot joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the deep layer of muscles in the back of the forearm?

<p>Supinator and Extensor pollicis longus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the elbow joint allows for flexion and extension movements?

<p>Humero-radial articulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the median nerve in relation to the carpal tunnel?

<p>Motor function for wrist flexors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle primarily assists in the action of pronation in the forearm?

<p>Pronator teres (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is involved in the anatomy of the carpal tunnel?

<p>Pisiform bone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the ulnar collateral ligament?

<p>Stabilizes movement during elbow flexion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle primarily contributes to the flexion and adduction of the wrist joint?

<p>Flexor carpi ulnaris (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nerve supply for the flexor digitorum superficialis?

<p>Median nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is responsible for pronation of the forearm?

<p>Pronator teres (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle flexes the distal interphalangeal joints of the medial four fingers?

<p>Flexor digitorum profundus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of the flexor pollicis longus muscle?

<p>Flexes the interphalangeal joint of the thumb (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle's action is to tense the skin during hand grip?

<p>Palmaris longus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nerve supply to the lateral half of the flexor digitorum profundus?

<p>Anterior interosseous branch of median nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle primarily functions to flex the proximal interphalangeal joints of the medial four fingers?

<p>Flexor digitorum superficialis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the superficial layer of the forearm muscles, which muscle is located most laterally?

<p>Flexor carpi radialis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is found in the deep layer of the forearm?

<p>Pronator quadratus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Forearm Regions

Anatomical divisions of the forearm: front and back.

Classify Elbow Joint

Ginglymus (hinge) joint allowing flexion and extension.

Elbow Articulating Bones

Humerus, radius, and ulna.

Elbow Ligaments

Ulnar collateral, radial collateral, and annular ligaments.

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Elbow Movements

Flexion, extension, and slight supination/pronation.

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Pronator teres action

Pronates the forearm

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Flexor carpi radialis action

Flexes and abducts the wrist

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Flexor digitorum superficialis action

Flexes the middle phalanges of the fingers

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Flexor digitorum profundus action

Flexes the distal phalanges of the fingers

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Flexor pollicis longus action

Flexes the thumb joint

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Flexor Retinaculum

A band of connective tissue that prevents flexor tendons from popping out of the carpal bones.

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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A condition caused by compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel

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Elbow Joint Type

A hinge type of synovial joint, allowing flexion and extension.

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Elbow Articulating Bones

The humerus, radius, and ulna.

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Annular Ligament

A ligament that holds the head of the radius to the ulna.

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Superior Radioulnar Joint

Synovial pivot joint that allows rotational movement of radius and ulna.

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Elbow Joint Movements

Flexion and extension are the primary movements of the elbow joint.

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Common Extensor Origin

The common point of attachment for many extensor muscles in the forearm.

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Pronator Teres

Muscle that pronates the forearm

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Flexor Carpi Radialis

Muscle that flexes and abducts the wrist

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Palmaris Longus

Muscle that flexes the wrist and tenses the skin

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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Muscle that flexes and adducts the wrist

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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Muscle that flexes the middle phalanges

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Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Muscle that flexes distal phalanges

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Flexor Pollicis Longus

Muscle that flexes the thumb

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Pronator Quadratus

Muscle that pronates the forearm (flat muscle)

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Superficial Forearm Muscles Origin

Medial condyle of the humerus (single origin point).

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Median Nerve

A major nerve supplying multiple forearm muscles

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Flexor retinaculum function

Connective tissue band preventing flexor tendons from protruding from carpal bones (palmar surface).

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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome cause

Median nerve compression in the carpal tunnel.

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Elbow Joint type

Synovial hinge joint permitting flexion and extension.

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Elbow Articulating Bones

Humerus, radius, and ulna.

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Annular Ligament function

Attaches radius head to ulna, stabilizing the radioulnar joint.

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Superior Radioulnar joint

Synovial pivot joint enabling radius rotation around ulna, permitting forearm rotation.

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Extensor Muscles Origin

Attachment point for many extensor muscles, located at the lateral epicondyle of humerus.

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Flexion movement at elbow

Bending motion of the elbow.

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Extension movement at elbow

Straightening motion of the elbow.

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Elbow Flexors

Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis muscles perform elbow flexion.

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Study Notes

Front of Forearm

  • Contains the anterior compartment muscles.
  • These muscles are responsible for flexion of the wrist and fingers, and pronation of the forearm.

Back of Forearm

  • Contains the posterior compartment muscles.
  • These muscles are mainly responsible for extension of the wrist and fingers, and supination of the forearm.

Classify Elbow and Radioulnar Joints

  • Elbow joint is a synovial hinge joint (flexion/extension)
  • Radioulnar joints are synovial pivot joints.

Articulating Bones

  • Humerus, radius and ulna
  • Articulating bones of the proximal radioulnar joint are the radius and ulna
  • Articulating bones of the distal radioulnar joint are the radius and ulna.

Ligaments of the Elbow Joint

  • Radial collateral ligament
  • Ulnar collateral ligament
  • Annular ligament
  • Oblique cord

Movements of Elbow Joint

  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Slight supination
  • Slight pronation

Muscles of Elbow Joint

  • Biceps brachii (flexion)
  • Brachialis (flexion)
  • Triceps brachii (extension)
  • Anconeus (extension)

Muscles of Radioulnar Joints

  • Supinator
  • Pronator teres
  • Pronator quadratus (pronation)

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