Human Anatomy Basics

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Questions and Answers

Which organ system is responsible for protecting the body from external damage?

Muscular
Skeletal
Nervous
Integument (correct)

Which of the following organ systems is involved in the transmission of nerve impulses?

Cardiovascular
Nervous (correct)
Endocrine
Lymphatic

What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

To protect the body from infection
To provide structural support
To transport oxygen and nutrients (correct)
To regulate hormone production

Which organ system is responsible for producing hormones that regulate various bodily functions?

Endocrine (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the organ systems listed?

Respiratory (B) Signup and view all the answers

What organ system is mainly located in the abdominal cavity?

Gastrointestinal system (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is NOT found in the abdominal cavity?

Brain (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the organs in the abdominal cavity?

Digestion and absorption (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which glands are located in the abdominal cavity?

Adrenal gland (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the kidneys in the abdominal cavity?

Filter waste and excess water from the blood (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is located in the cranial cavity?

The brain (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the lower portion of the dorsal cavity?

Vertebral canal (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is housed in the vertebral canal?

The spinal cord (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the dorsal cavity divided into?

Two portions (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the dorsal cavity is located uppermost?

The cranial cavity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the diaphragm?

To facilitate breathing (C) Signup and view all the answers

What divides the ventral cavity into two parts?

The diaphragm (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the ventral cavity?

Dorsal cavity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main cavities in the body?

Ventral and dorsal cavities (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which cavity is the largest?

Ventral cavity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'proximal' refer to in relation to a part of the body?

The part of the bone closest to the trunk (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the proximal end of the femur?

It joins with the pelvic bone (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of 'proximal' in relation to a part of the body?

Distal (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a proximal part of a bone?

The shoulder end of the femur (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using terms like 'proximal' in anatomy?

To describe the location of a particular part (C) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Anatomical Organization

The human body is organized into several systems, including:
- Integument
- Skeletal
- Muscular
- Nervous
- Endocrine
- Cardiovascular
- Lymphatic

Directional Terms

Proximal refers to a location that is:
- Toward or nearest the trunk or the point of origin of a part
- Example: the proximal end of the femur joins with the pelvic bone

Body Cavities

The two main cavities are:
- Ventral cavity
- Dorsal cavity
The ventral cavity is:
- The larger cavity
- Subdivided into two parts by the diaphragm
- Thoracic cavity
- Abdominopelvic cavity
The abdominal cavity contains:
- Most of the gastrointestinal tract
- Kidneys
- Adrenal glands
The dorsal cavity is divided into two portions:
- Cranial cavity (upper portion)
  - Houses the brain
- Vertebral canal (lower portion)
  - Houses the spinal cord