Human Anatomy and Movement Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of movement involves moving the bone around its longitudinal axis?

  • Special movement
  • Gliding movement
  • Rotational movement (correct)
  • Angular movement

    • What is the action of rotating the forearm so that the palm of the hand is turned up or forward?

  • Inversion
  • Eversion
  • Pronation
  • Supination (correct)

    • What type of movement involves a bone moving toward the midline of the body?

  • Hyperextension
  • Abduction
  • Adduction (correct)
  • Circumduction

    • Which type of movement involves relatively flat bone surfaces moving past each other?

    <p>Gliding movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement brings the thumb into contact with the fingers of the same hand?

    <p>Opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement turns the palm of the hand upward or forward?

    <p>Supination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the movement that lifts the heel and points the toes downward?

    <p>Plantarflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement moves the top of the foot toward the leg at the ankle joint?

    <p>Dorsiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement occurs when a bone moves away from the midline of the body?

    <p>Abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement involves straightening a limb after flexion?

    <p>Extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the opposite of protraction?

    <p>Retraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement is elevation?

    <p>Movement of a bone upward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Involving the sequential combination of flexion, adduction, extension, and abduction motions, which movement is being described?

    <p>Circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of movement results in straightening a limb after flexion?

    <p>Hyperextension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of motion occurs when the angle between the bones decreases?

    <p>Flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement involves moving a bone toward the midline of the body?

    <p>Adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of movement results in moving a limb in a circular motion?

    <p>Circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which special movement involves moving the soles of the feet inward, toward the midline of the body?

    <p>Inversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a bone moves away from the midline of the body?

    <p>Abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of motion is turning of the head side to side or twisting of the body?

    <p>Rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key structural characteristic of a synovial joint that is not seen at fibrous or cartilaginous joints?

    <p>Presence of joint cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What covers the articulating surfaces of bones in a synovial joint?

    <p>Articular cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What supports the synovial joint by holding the bones together and resisting excess or abnormal joint motions?

    <p>Ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the walls of the joint cavity in a synovial joint?

    <p>Articular capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of hip disability?

    <p>Erosion and loss of articular cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What system of the body malfunctions in rheumatoid arthritis and what does this cause?

    <p>Immune system; inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes joint stiffness and pain?

    <p>Erosion and loss of articular cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a bursa in a bone joint?

    <p>To allow for smooth movement of skin over the bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the trochanteric bursa located?

    <p>At the lateral hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a tendon sheath?

    <p>To allow for smooth motion of tendons during muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bursitis?

    <p>Inflammation of a bursa near a joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint allows for movements in a variety of ways due to its unique structure?

    <p>Ball-and-socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a cause of chronic bursitis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is subacromial bursitis commonly associated with inflammation?

    <p>Shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a synovial joint that allows for only back-and-forth movement along a single plane called?

    <p>Hinge joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does olecranon bursitis occur?

    <p>Elbow region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of movement involves moving a limb in a circular motion?

    <p>Circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of motion does turning of the head side to side or twisting of the body represent?

    <p>Rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for limited gliding movements between bones?

    <p>Plane joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is the articulation between the trapezium carpal bone and the first metacarpal bone at the base of the thumb?

    <p>Saddle joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the primary example of a saddle joint in the human body?

    <p>First carpometacarpal joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for rotation around an axis, such as between the first and second cervical vertebrae?

    <p>Pivot joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is the hip and shoulder joints?

    <p>Ball-and-socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of joint does one bone rotate within a ring formed partially by articulation with another bone and partially by a ligament?

    <p>Pivot joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the radiocarpal joint located in the human body?

    <p>Wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which joint does forearm rotation occur?

    <p>Proximal radioulnar joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement is allowed by condyloid joints?

    <p>Bending and straightening of fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of movement does one bone move toward the midline of the body?

    <p>Adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint allows only for bending and straightening motions along a single axis?

    <p>Hinge joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for multiple movements, including rotation, and can be functionally classified as a multiaxial joint?

    <p>Plane joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint has the rounded head of one bone fitting into the concave articulation of the adjacent bone?

    <p>Ball-and-socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which joint does the head of the femur articulate with the acetabulum of the hip bone?

    <p>Hip joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the only ball-and-socket joints of the body?

    <p>Hip joint and shoulder joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of synovial joint allows the femur and humerus to move in both anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions and also rotate around their long axis?

    <p>Ball-and-socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of arthritis associated with aging and 'wear and tear' of the articular cartilage?

    <p>Osteoarthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What risk factor may lead to osteoarthritis later in life?

    <p>Involvement in jobs with physical labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs as the articular cartilage layer wears down?

    <p>More pressure on the bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement is turning of the head side to side or twisting of the body?

    <p>Rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of movement brings the thumb into contact with the fingers of the same hand?

    <p>Opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the opposite of protraction?

    <p>Retraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevents friction between the bones at a synovial joint?

    <p>Articular cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of synovial fluid in a joint?

    <p>Reduces friction between bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure located outside of a synovial joint serves to prevent friction between the bones and the overlying muscle tendons or skin?

    <p>Bursa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint allows for the freedom of joint movement and is functionally classified as a diarthrosis?

    <p>Synovial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure located between the articulating bones provides shock absorption and cushioning in the knee joint?

    <p>Meniscus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves as a 'dynamic ligament' to resist forces and support the joint during increased forces acting on a joint?

    <p>Muscle tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ligament is located outside of the articular capsule of a synovial joint?

    <p>Extrinsic ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dense connective tissue structure that attaches a muscle to bone?

    <p>Tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional support is provided by muscles and their tendons across a synovial joint?

    <p>Supporting movement at the joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are bursae classified by?

    <p>Their location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strengthens and supports a synovial joint by anchoring the bones together and preventing their separation?

    <p>Ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the bone tissue underlying the damaged articular cartilage thickening?

    <p>It causes the articulating surface of the bone to become rough or bumpy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does osteoarthritis affect joint movement?

    <p>It causes pain and inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can alleviate the symptoms of osteoarthritis in its early stages?

    <p>Mild activity that 'warms up' the joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a treatment option for severe cases of osteoarthritis?

    <p>Joint replacement surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of gout, a form of arthritis?

    <p>Deposition of uric acid crystals within a body joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been implicated in raising the chances of a susceptible individual developing gout?

    <p>Excessive fructose in the diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What produces arthritis in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>Attack by the immune system on body joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of arthritis is associated with the immune system attacking body joints?

    <p>Rheumatoid arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are treatments aimed at for rheumatoid arthritis due to its lack of known cure?

    <p>Alleviating symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of surgery involves replacing the articular surfaces of the bones with artificial components?

    <p>Arthroplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the hip joint is reshaped and fitted with a replacement socket in hip arthroplasty?

    <p>The acetabulum of the pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of motion results from aging or prolonged joint wear and tear?

    <p>Wear-and-tear motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of movement involves anterior or posterior movements of the body or limbs?

    <p>Flexion and extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is formed between the inferior articular processes of one vertebra and the superior articular processes of the next lower vertebra?

    <p>Plane joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the limbs, which movement decreases the angle between the bones?

    <p>Flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For the upper limb, what are all anterior motions referred to as?

    <p>Flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which movement does the glenoid cavity move upward as the medial end of the scapular spine moves downward?

    <p>Superior rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement of the scapula is required for full abduction of the upper limb?

    <p>Superior rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What joint allows rotational movement and is an example of a pivot joint?

    <p>Sternoclavicular joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and circumduction movements?

    <p>Ball-and-socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which thumb movement brings the tip of the thumb in contact with the tip of a finger?

    <p>Opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement involves raising the arm at the shoulder joint, moving it laterally away from the body?

    <p>Abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement brings the anterior surface of the limb toward the midline of the body?

    <p>Adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of a body region in a circular manner, involving sequential combination of flexion, adduction, extension, and abduction at a joint?

    <p>Circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of joint does one bone rotate in relation to another bone?

    <p>Pivot joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the abnormal or excessive extension of a joint beyond its normal range of motion?

    <p>Hyperextension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does hyperextension injury commonly occur?

    <p>Hinge joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the bending of the knee to bring the foot toward the posterior thigh?

    <p>Flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of movement involves moving any posterior-going motion of the thigh?

    <p>Extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for abduction and adduction motions within the coronal plane?

    <p>Condyloid joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement involves bringing the fingers or toes together?

    <p>Adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for moving a limb in a circular manner, in which one end of the body region being moved stays relatively stationary while the other end describes a circle?

    <p>Circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can rotation occur within the human body?

    <p>Within the vertebral column, at a pivot joint, or at a ball-and-socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for inversion and eversion movements?

    <p>Pivot joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement involves turning the bottom of the foot away from the midline?

    <p>Eversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the opposite motion to dorsiflexion at the ankle joint?

    <p>Plantar flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement involves moving the forearm from the supinated to the pronated position?

    <p>Pronation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does protraction occur for the mandible?

    <p>When sticking out the chin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does depression occur in terms of shoulder movements?

    <p>When elevating the scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What involves side-to-side movement of the mandible?

    <p>Excursion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement brings the top of the foot toward the leg at the ankle joint?

    <p>Dorsiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement is elevation?

    <p>Upward movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement brings the thumb into contact with the fingers of the same hand?

    <p>Opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for protraction and retraction movements?

    <p>Hinge joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement occurs when one bone moves toward the midline of the body?

    <p>Adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Joint Movements

    • Rotational movement involves moving the bone around its longitudinal axis.
    • Supination involves rotating the forearm so that the palm of the hand is turned up or forward.
    • Adduction is a type of movement that involves moving a bone toward the midline of the body.
    • Gliding movements involve relatively flat bone surfaces moving past each other.
    • Opposition brings the thumb into contact with the fingers of the same hand.
    • Pronation turns the palm of the hand downward or backward.
    • Plantarflexion lifts the heel and points the toes downward.
    • Dorsiflexion moves the top of the foot toward the leg at the ankle joint.
    • Abduction involves moving a bone away from the midline of the body.
    • Extension involves straightening a limb after flexion.
    • Retraction is the opposite of protraction.
    • Elevation is a type of movement that involves moving a bone upward.

    Joints

    • Synovial joints have a space between the bones that is filled with synovial fluid.
    • Articular cartilage covers the articulating surfaces of bones in a synovial joint.
    • Ligaments support the synovial joint by holding the bones together and resisting excess or abnormal joint motions.
    • The joint cavity in a synovial joint is formed by the articular capsule.
    • Bursae are fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction between the bones and the overlying muscle tendons or skin.
    • Tendon sheaths serve to reduce friction between the tendons and the surrounding tissue.

    Types of Joints

    • Hinge joints allow for movement in one plane only.
    • Pivot joints allow for rotational movement around a single axis.
    • Condyloid joints allow for bending and straightening motions along multiple axes.
    • Saddle joints allow for limited gliding movements between bones.
    • Ball-and-socket joints allow for multiple movements, including rotation, and can be functionally classified as multiaxial joints.

    Arthritis

    • Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis associated with aging and 'wear and tear' of the articular cartilage.
    • Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes joint stiffness and pain.
    • Bursitis is inflammation of the bursae.
    • Gout is a form of arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints.

    Surgery and Treatment

    • Joint replacement surgery involves replacing the articular surfaces of the bones with artificial components.
    • Hip arthroplasty involves reshaping and fitting a replacement socket in the hip joint.
    • Alleviating symptoms of osteoarthritis in its early stages involves maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and using pain relief medications.
    • Severe cases of osteoarthritis may require joint replacement surgery.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of human anatomy and movement with this quiz covering gliding, angular, and rotational movements of the bones in the body.

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