HSP3U Exam Review: Anthropology & Psychology

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Questions and Answers

Which anthropologist is best known for their work on cultural relativism?

  • Ruth Benedict
  • Napoleon Chagnon
  • Franz Boas (correct)
  • Margaret Mead

Which of these psychologists is most associated with operant conditioning?

  • Carl Rogers
  • Albert Bandura
  • Ivan Pavlov
  • B.F. Skinner (correct)

According to Freud's theory, which part of the human mind operates on the pleasure principle?

  • Conscious Mind
  • Ego
  • Id (correct)
  • Superego

Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of symbols and interactions in shaping social reality?

<p>Symbolic Interactionism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with developing the concept of the 'Looking Glass Self'?

<p>Charles Cooley (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which experiment is best known for examining obedience to authority?

<p>The Stanley Milgram Experiment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the bystander effect, what is the primary reason people may fail to intervene in an emergency?

<p>Diffusion of responsibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theorist is associated with the concept of 'logotherapy'?

<p>Viktor Frankl (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Cultural Relativism

The idea that cultures should be understood and judged within their own contexts, not based on the standards of another culture.

Functional Theory

A theory that explains how different aspects of a culture function together to meet the needs of individuals and society.

Cultural Materialism

A theory that argues that material conditions, like technology and economic systems, are the primary drivers of cultural change and development.

Linguistic Anthropology

A type of anthropology that focuses on the role of language in shaping culture and human thought processes.

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Rites of Passage

A psychological process that involves a series of transitions, marked by rituals, that signify a change in social status or life stage.

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Psychoanalytic Theory

The theory that emphasizes the role of unconscious desires, memories, and conflicts in shaping human behavior and personality.

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Classical Conditioning

A learning process where a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.

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Operant Conditioning

A learning process where behaviors are strengthened or weakened through their consequences, such as rewards or punishments.

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Study Notes

HSP3U Exam Review

  • Exam Date: Monday, January 27th, 2025, Room 207, 9:30 AM
  • Anthropology Topics:
    • Anthropology 101 Subdisciplines
    • Schools of Thought (Cultural Relativism, Functional Theory, Cultural Materialism, Feminist Anthropology, Postmodernism)
    • Linguistic Anthropology (Historical, Structural, Sociolinguistics)
    • Rites of Passage (Jane Goodall, Charles Darwin, Napoleon Chagnon, Margaret Mead, Ruth Benedict)
    • Noam Chomsky
    • Neanderthals
  • Psychology:
    • Sigmund Freud: Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic theories (conscious/unconscious mind, hypnosis, free association, id, ego, superego, defense mechanisms)
    • Carl Jung: Collective unconscious, archetypes (introverts, extroverts)
    • Karen Horney (Unconditional responses, Unconditioned stimuli)
    • Ivan Pavlov: Classical Conditioning (unconditioned response, unconditioned stimulus, conditioned stimulus, conditioned response)
    • B.F. Skinner: Operant Conditioning, Skinner Box
    • Abraham Maslow: Hierarchy of Needs
    • Viktor Frankl: Logotherapy
    • Carl Rogers: Client-centered therapy
    • Albert Bandura: Social-cognitive theory, Bobo doll experiment
    • Erik Erikson: Identity crisis, eight stages of psychosocial development
    • Philip Zimbardo: Stanford Prison Experiment (Landmark Case Study)
    • Bystander effect
    • Elizabeth Kubler-Ross: Psychology of Grief
  • Sociology Topics:
    • Structural Functionalism (Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Talcott Parsons, Herbert Spencer)
    • Social Darwinism (Karl Marx)
    • Conflict Theory (Karl Marx)
    • Feminist Sociology (Dorothy Smith, Chandra Talpade Mohanty, Judith Stacey, Kimberle Crenshaw, Intersectionality)
    • Symbolic Interactionism (Max Weber, The Chicago School, William Foote Whyte, Charles Cooley, George Herbert Mead, the Looking Glass Self, C. Wright Mills, Sociological Imagination)
    • Agents and Categories of Socialization (family, religion, primary, secondary, anticipatory, resocialization)
    • Subcultures (not for the quiz)

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