HR Function Structure Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of HR specialists in Functional HR?

HR specialists craft policies, while HR generalists located within divisions implement the policies, adapt them as needed, and interact with employees.

What is a key advantage of the Dedicated HR structure?

It allows organizations to apply HR expertise to each unit's specific strategic needs.

Explain the concept of Cosourcing.

It involves an enterprise and a vendor sharing different tasks within a larger complex, often with strategic responsibility.

What is the main purpose of the Shared services HR model?

<p>It aims to develop HR policies in specific areas of expertise and allows units to choose what they need from a menu of services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a Center of excellence (COE) benefit an organization?

<p>It leverages staff expertise to improve the entire organization's strategic performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process of Outsourcing in HR.

<p>An organization contracts with third-party vendors to provide selected services/activities instead of hiring new employees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of an HR audit?

<p>It provides a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of an organization's HR policies, practices, procedures, and strategies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Repatriation in the context of a global workforce.

<p>It is the process by which employees returning from international assignments reintegrate into their home country's culture, conditions, and employment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Identity alignment in the global workforce context?

<p>It refers to the extent to which diversity is embraced in the management of people, products/services, and branding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of Offshoring in a business.

<p>An organization relocates its processes or production to an international location through subsidiaries or third-party affiliates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are Assignees in a global workforce?

<p>They are employees who work outside their home country. They usually work outside their home country for a specific business purpose or project.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Multinational enterprises (MNEs)?

<p>They own or control production or service facilities in one or more countries beyond their home country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the core principle of Global integration (GI).

<p>It emphasizes consistency in approach, standardization of processes, and a common corporate culture across global operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of Redeployment in a global workforce?

<p>It involves moving an employee out of an international assignment, which can involve returning to their home country, moving to a different global location, or a new position in the host country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Near-shoring differ from traditional outsourcing?

<p>It involves contracting a part of business processes or production to a company in a relatively nearby country, for example, within the same region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Process alignment within a global organization?

<p>It refers to the extent to which underlying operations, such as IT, finance, or HR, integrate across different locations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Outline the key principle of Local responsiveness (LR) in globalization.

<p>It emphasizes adapting to the needs of local markets and allows subsidiaries to develop unique products, structures, and systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the essence of Globalization in terms of interconnectedness?

<p>It represents the growing interconnectedness and interdependency among countries, people, markets, and organizations worldwide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of Onshoring in business.

<p>It involves relocating business processes or production to a lower-cost location within the same country as the business.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key elements of Motivation in a work setting?

<p>Motivation encompasses factors that initiate, direct, and sustain human behavior over time, driving individuals to act and achieve goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Behavioral theories explain leadership?

<p>They assert that leaders influence group members through specific behaviors, such as setting clear expectations or providing encouragement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the core idea of Transactional leadership.

<p>It focuses on the exchange of rewards and punishments based on performance, emphasizing clear expectations and adherence to rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the core principle of Transformational leadership.

<p>Leaders inspire employees to embrace change, encourage innovation, and strive for growth and value creation within the organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind Situational theories of leadership?

<p>They highlight the importance of adapting leadership styles to the specific needs of different situations and employees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Needs theory explain human motivation?

<p>It suggests that people are driven by a desire to satisfy certain needs, and understanding these needs allows leaders to provide the right incentives and create the right environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the essence of Expectancy theory in motivation?

<p>It proposes that effort increases when individuals are confident that their actions will lead to positive outcomes and rewards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the core idea of Goal-setting theory.

<p>It suggests that motivation can be enhanced by providing employees with clear goals they can actively strive to achieve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Attribution theory focus on in the context of motivation?

<p>It emphasizes how individuals interpret the causes for past success or failure, which influences their current motivation levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Emergent theory explain leadership?

<p>It suggests that leaders emerge from the group, rather than being appointed, through interactions and demonstrating effective leadership qualities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key focus of Leader-member exchange theory?

<p>It emphasizes the importance of strong, two-way relationships between leaders and chosen employees, fostering trust, support, and mentorship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the core principle of the Coaching leadership approach.

<p>It emphasizes developing team members' skills and achieving organizational goals through aligning them with employees' personal goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the Pacesetting leadership approach?

<p>Leaders set high performance standards and challenge followers to achieve them, emphasizing results-oriented performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Affiliative leadership approach differ from others?

<p>It focuses on creating strong, positive relationships within the team, fostering loyalty and motivation through interpersonal connections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the key characteristic of Democratic leadership approach.

<p>Leaders encourage collaboration and consensus before making decisions, valuing input and involvement from team members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the main idea behind the Authoritative leadership approach.

<p>Leaders present a bold vision or solution, inviting the team to join in the challenge, emphasizing a clear direction and inspiring action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core principle of the Coercive leadership approach?

<p>Leaders impose their vision on the team, demanding adherence and compliance, often relying on authority to enforce their directives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Servant leadership differ from other leadership styles?

<p>It prioritizes serving the needs of employees, sharing power, and focusing on the well-being and development of individuals within the team.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Trait theory claim about leadership?

<p>Leaders possess innate characteristics that followers often do not possess, such as physical attributes or personality traits, which contribute to their leadership abilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the core idea of Theory X/Theory Y in motivation.

<p>It deals with the level of control in the workplace, viewing motivation as either irrelevant or vital, depending on the management approach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Equity theory in terms of motivation?

<p>It suggests that individuals are motivated by a sense of fairness, comparing their perceived value and contributions to those of others, leading to a desire for equality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the source of Legitimate power within leadership.

<p>It stems from a formal position or title within the hierarchy, granting the leader certain rights and authority.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the foundation of Reward power in leadership?

<p>It is based on the leader's ability to offer followers something they value in exchange for their commitment or effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Expert power manifest in a leader?

<p>It is derived from a leader's recognized expertise, intelligence, or experience in a particular area, giving them influence and credibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of Referent power in leadership?

<p>It arises from the leader's personality and personal charisma, inspiring others to follow them due to respect or admiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Coercive power work in leadership?

<p>It is based on the leader's ability to punish or impose negative consequences on those who do not follow instructions or directives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

HR Function Structure

  • Functional HR: Headquarters HR specialists create policies, and generalists located in different divisions implement and adapt them as needed, interacting with employees.
  • Dedicated HR: Allows organizations with various strategies across multiple units to utilize HR expertise tailored to each unit's strategic needs.
  • Cosourcing: An arrangement where a company and a vendor share tasks within a complex project, often involving strategic responsibilities.
  • Shared Services HR Model: HR centers with specific expertise develop policies, and units can choose services needed from a menu.
  • Center of Excellence (COE): An organizational structure leveraging staff expertise in particular areas to boost overall organizational strategic performance.
  • Outsourcing: An organization contracts with third-party vendors for services or activities, instead of hiring in-house employees.
  • HR Audit: A comprehensive evaluation of an organization's HR policies, practices, procedures, and strategies.

Global Workforce

  • Repatriation: The process of reintegrating employees returning from international assignments into their home country's culture, conditions, and employment.
  • Identity Alignment: The degree to which diversity is acknowledged and integrated in managing people, products, and branding.
  • Offshoring: Relocating business processes or production to an international location, often through subsidiaries or third-party affiliates.
  • Assignees: Employees who work outside their home countries.
  • Multinational Enterprises (MNEs): Organizations owning or controlling production and services in multiple countries beyond their home country.
  • Global Integration (GI): A globalization strategy emphasizing consistency in approach, standardized processes, and a shared corporate culture across global operations.
  • Redeployment: An organization's process of moving an employee out of an international assignment, potentially back to the home country, a different global location, or a new position in the host country.
  • Outsourcing (Global): An organization outsources specific services/activities, replacing in-house hiring.

Other HR Concepts

  • Near-shoring: Contracting certain business processes to external companies in nearby countries.

  • Process Alignment: The extent to which underlying operations (IT, finance, HR) are integrated across different locations.

  • Local Responsiveness (LR): A globalization strategy emphasizing adaptation to the specific needs of local markets, allowing subsidiaries to develop unique products, structures, and systems.

  • Globalization: The increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries, people, markets, and organizations worldwide.

  • Onshoring: Relocating business processes or production to a lower-cost location within the same country.

  • Motivation: Factors that initiate, direct, and sustain human behavior over time.

  • Behavioral Theories: Leadership theories highlighting how leaders influence group members through specific behaviors (e.g., Blake-Mouton theory).

  • Transactional Leadership: A leadership style focused on order, structure, and short-term planning.

  • Transformational Leadership: Motivating employees to embrace change and innovation.

  • Situational Theories: Adapting leadership styles to meet unique situations (e.g., Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership, Fiedler's contingency theory, path-goal theory).

  • Needs Theory: Motivation stemming from satisfying specific needs (e.g., Maslow, Herzberg, McClelland).

  • Expectancy Theory: Effort increases based on confidence in achieving positive outcomes (e.g., Vroom's theory).

  • Goal-Setting Theory: Motivation boosted by setting goals to measure achievement.

  • Attribution Theory: How individuals interpret past successes and failures affects current motivation.

  • Emergent Theory: Leadership is not appointed but emerges based on interactions within the group.

  • Leader-Member Exchange Theory: A two-way relationship between leaders and select employees, fostering trust and support.

  • Coaching Leadership: Developing employee skills to align with organizational goals.

  • Pacesetting Leadership: High-performance standards to motivate high achievement.

  • Affiliative Leadership: Strong relationships and loyalty build motivation.

  • Democratic Leadership: Encouraging followers to collaborate and act collectively.

  • Authoritative Leadership: Bold vision and solutions, inviting team participation.

  • Coercive Leadership: Imposing directives and demanding adherence.

  • Servant Leadership: Leaders prioritizing the needs of their employees.

  • Trait Theory: Certain innate traits distinguish leaders, including physical traits and personality.

  • Theory X/Theory Y: Theories describing motivational control in workplaces, where motivation is absolutely critical.

  • Equity Theory: Motivations are based on perceived fairness and value comparisons.

  • Legitimate Power: Formal authority positions enabling leadership.

  • Reward Power: Exchanging valued rewards to gain commitment.

  • Expert Power: Possessing high intelligence, insight, and experience.

  • Referent Power: Charismatic personality influencing followers.

  • Coercive Power: Using punishments to manage compliance.

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Description

Explore the various structures within Human Resources, including Functional HR, Dedicated HR, and Outsourcing. This quiz covers how these models enhance organizational performance and strategic alignment. Test your knowledge on these HR concepts and their practical applications.

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