HPG Axis and Hormone Regulation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of GnRH agonists in pulsatile fashion?

  • Stimulate testosterone production
  • Decrease LH and FSH
  • Inhibit ovulation
  • Increase LH and FSH (correct)

    • What is the effect of continuous administration of GnRH agonists on LH and FSH?

  • Have no effect on LH and FSH
  • Initially increase and then decrease LH and FSH
  • Increase LH and FSH
  • Decrease LH and FSH (correct)

    • What is the purpose of GnRH analogs in the treatment of hormone-dependent tumors?

  • To decrease LH and FSH production (correct)
  • To increase estrogen production
  • To stimulate ovulation
  • To induce puberty

    • What is the effect of testosterone on its own production?

    <p>Negative feedback (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of GnRH in the HPG axis?

    <p>To stimulate FSH and LH production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial response to administration of short-acting GnRH agonists?

    <p>Increase in FSH and LH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic use of GnRH analogs in cancer treatment?

    <p>To treat hormone-dependent tumors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of using ovulation induction in fertility treatments?

    <p>To achieve complete control of the ovulatory cycle to harvest multiple oocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hCG in ovulation induction?

    <p>To stimulate ovulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of Follitropin?

    <p>Urine of menopausal women (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential adverse effect of ovarian stimulation in fertility treatments?

    <p>Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of GnRH agonist and antagonist in ovulation induction?

    <p>To suppress the endogenous cycle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Menotropin used for?

    <p>Fertility treatments and hormone replacement therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of sustained release GnRH antagonist formulations on the production of testosterone in males?

    <p>Decrease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of excessive stimulation of the ovaries in fertility treatments?

    <p>Multiple ovarian follicles with high hormone levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using GnRH antagonists in children with gender dysphoria?

    <p>Delaying puberty (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common adverse effect of GnRH antagonist therapy?

    <p>Hypogonadism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique characteristic of GnRH antagonists compared to GnRH long-acting analogs?

    <p>They do not cause a start-up flare (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a specific use of degarelix?

    <p>Prostate cancer treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the liver-related adverse effect of GnRH antagonists?

    <p>Liver toxicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using GnRH antagonists in women with endometriosis?

    <p>To thin the endometrium prior to ablation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a clinical use of testosterone agonists in the HPG axis?

    <p>Male hypogonadism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of testosterone replacement therapy?

    <p>Erythrocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of excess testosterone in males?

    <p>Decreased sperm production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a use of antiandrogens in the treatment of females?

    <p>Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a physiological effect of testosterone on the integument?

    <p>Increased sebum production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a clinical use of testosterone antagonists?

    <p>Prostate cancer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a metabolic effect of testosterone?

    <p>Improved glucose metabolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of clomiphene on the hypothalamus?

    <p>Stimulates the release of LH and FSH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the use of tamoxifen?

    <p>Treatment and prevention of ER/PR-positive breast cancer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of DVT with certain medications?

    <p>Increases the risk of DVT (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of clomiphene on the endometrium?

    <p>Thins the endometrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of aromatase inhibitors?

    <p>Inhibits the conversion of androgens to estrogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the use of clomiphene?

    <p>Treatment of infertility due to anovulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of tamoxifen?

    <p>Hot flashes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of tamoxifen in high-risk women?

    <p>Decreases the risk of breast cancer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the former pregnancy category of tamoxifen?

    <p>Category X (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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