Recent

  • Show all results for ""

🎧 New: AI-Generated Podcasts Turn your study notes into engaging audio conversations. Learn more

Hormones and Their Functions Quiz
77 Questions
0 Views

Hormones and Their Functions Quiz

Created by
@GiftedRadiance

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Where are hormones secreted into?

  • Blood stream (correct)
  • Lymphatic system
  • Digestive system
  • Nervous system

    • What do hormones regulate?

  • Muscular functions
  • Neuronal functions
  • Digestive functions
  • Metabolic functions of the target cells (correct)

    • Where do hormones act?

  • Exclusively on endocrine glands
  • On the cells of organs and tissues with hormone receptors (correct)
  • On the cells of the nervous system
  • On the cells of the lymphatic system

    • What is the main characteristic of the paracrine way of chemical influence on cells?

    <p>Localized effects on nearby cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hormones travel in the endocrine way?

    <p>Through the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the autocrine way of chemical influence on cells?

    <p>Cells produce chemicals that act on themselves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do hormones in the endocrine way have their effects?

    <p>On distant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hormones travel in the endocrine way?

    <p>Through the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the autocrine way of chemical influence on cells?

    <p>Cells produce chemicals that act on themselves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of action for hormones in the endocrine way?

    <p>Widespread effects on distant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can prolonged exposure to some hormones do to target cells?

    <p>Desensitize the target cells, leading to decreased tissue response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does continuous release of hypothalamic GnRH affect pituitary gonadotrops?

    <p>Desensitizes the pituitary gonadotrops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the number of receptors in target cells when sensitization occurs?

    <p>Increases in number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of GnRH on pituitary gonadotrops?

    <p>Desensitization leading to less release of LH &amp; FSH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are membrane receptors located?

    <p>On the cell surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hormones do nuclear receptors for steroid & thyroid hormones bind?

    <p>Lipid-soluble hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of nuclear receptors for steroid & thyroid hormones?

    <p>Regulate gene expression and impact cellular functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the messenger cascade?

    <p>It produces multiple signals with one effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the transducer complex

    <p>It produces one signal with multiple effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the cooperative action of hormones that amplifies the overall response?

    <p>Synergetic effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes when one hormone enables the effect of another hormone?

    <p>Permissive effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the action of hormones that act independently and simply add up their effects?

    <p>Additive effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Classification of hormones according to their chemical structure

    <p>Peptide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of negative feedback in the hormonal axes?

    <p>Hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bones when blood calcium levels increase?

    <p>Increases calcium release from bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does parathyroid hormone (PTH) affect calcium reabsorption in the kidneys when blood calcium levels rise?

    <p>Enhances calcium reabsorption in the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in relation to the production of calcitriol (active vitamin D) when blood calcium levels rise?

    <p>Stimulates production of calcitriol (active vitamin D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of calcitonin in response to decreased blood calcium levels?

    <p>Inhibits calcium release from bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the thyroid gland in regulating blood calcium levels?

    <p>Release calcitonin to inhibit calcium release from bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pancreatic cell type produces somatostatin?

    <p>D (δ) Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced by B (β) cells?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hormone produced by F cells in the pancreas?

    <p>Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does glucagon affect blood glucose levels?

    <p>Raises blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin in regulating blood glucose levels?

    <p>Lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose by cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of glucagon on glycogen in the liver?

    <p>Promoting the breakdown of glycogen (glycogenolysis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone inhibits the release of both insulin and glucagon?

    <p>Somatostatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is somatostatin primarily produced?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of somatostatin on the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Inhibits release of gastrointestinal hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP)?

    <p>Inhibits the release of both insulin and glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP) in pancreatic hormone regulation?

    <p>Inhibits pancreatic hormone secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP) have on the release of insulin and glucagon?

    <p>Inhibits the release of both insulin and glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP) on insulin and glucagon?

    <p>Inhibits their release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activates the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) in response to low blood pressure, low blood volume, or low sodium levels?

    <p>Release of renin by the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conditions typically trigger the activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)?

    <p>Low blood pressure, low blood volume, or low sodium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ releases an enzyme that activates the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)?

    <p>Kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the renin-angiotensin system?

    <p>It converts angiotensin I into its active form, angiotensin II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is angiotensinogen, the protein acted upon by renin, primarily produced?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of angiotensin II in the body?

    <p>It causes vasoconstriction and stimulates the release of aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of aldosterone in the kidneys?

    <p>Promotes reabsorption of sodium and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of increased blood volume and pressure due to aldosterone function?

    <p>Inhibits the release of renin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the release of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)?

    <p>Elevated blood volume/pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) on blood vessels?

    <p>Vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) inhibit the release of?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the hypothalamo-pituitary unit?

    <p>Regulating hormone release by the thyroid gland, adrenal cortex, and gonads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glands are primarily regulated by the hypothalamo-pituitary unit?

    <p>Thyroid gland, adrenal cortex, and gonads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary unit in hormone regulation?

    <p>Acting as the master regulator of hormone release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the releasing hormones produced by the hypothalamus?

    <p>Stimulating or inhibiting the pituitary to release corresponding hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary?

    <p>Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland primarily releases growth hormone (GH)?

    <p>Anterior pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of growth hormone (GH) release?

    <p>Promoting growth and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of prolactin (PRL) in the endocrine system?

    <p>Promotes lactation and breast development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is prolactin (PRL) regulated in the body?

    <p>Inhibited all the time by dopamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does prolactin (PRL) have on gonadotropin release?

    <p>Inhibits gonadotropin release (LH and FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of growth hormone (GH) in muscle and lipid cells?

    <p>Anabolic effects in muscle and catabolic effects in lipid cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily stimulates the release of Ghrelin by the stomach?

    <p>Fasting and caloric deprivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the effects of growth hormone (GH) primarily mediated?

    <p>Via insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the posterior pituitary?

    <p>Storing and releasing neurotransmitters made by the hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones are stored and released by the posterior pituitary?

    <p>Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone enhances smooth muscle contraction in the wall of the uterus and stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands?

    <p>Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does oxytocin primarily enhance smooth muscle contraction?

    <p>Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of oxytocin in the endocrine system?

    <p>Enhances smooth muscle contraction in the uterus and stimulates milk ejection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of vasopressin on the kidneys?

    <p>Promoting water reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does vasopressin affect blood pressure?

    <p>It increases blood pressure by constricting arterioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of vasopressin in reducing water loss?

    <p>It reduces water loss through sweating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily stimulates ADH secretion?

    <p>Increase in ECF osmolarity by 1–2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can activate Angiotensin II (Ang II) leading to ADH secretion?

    <p>Low blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can stimulate ADH secretion?

    <p>Increased body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Quizzes Like This

    Hormones and Their Functions
    5 questions

    Hormones and Their Functions

    RoomyTan avatar
    RoomyTan
    Hormones and Their Functions Quiz
    12 questions

    Hormones and Their Functions Quiz

    AccomplishedHurdyGurdy avatar
    AccomplishedHurdyGurdy
    Thyroid Hormones and Their Functions Quiz
    30 questions

    Thyroid Hormones and Their Functions Quiz

    ReasonedPiano avatar
    ReasonedPiano
    Hormones and Their Functions
    9 questions

    Hormones and Their Functions

    EagerHilbert1336 avatar
    EagerHilbert1336
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser