Chemical Control and Coordination

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Which of the following hormones is produced by the heart?

Insulin

ANF (correct)

Erythropoietin

Gastrin

What type of hormone is testosterone?

Peptide

Amino acid derivative

Protein

Steroid (correct)

Which of the following hormones is produced by the gastrointestinal tract?

Insulin

Gastrin (correct)

FSH

Erythropoietin

What is the primary function of the hormone erythropoietin produced by the kidney?

Production of red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of hormones are soluble in water?

Peptide hormones Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormone is estrogen?

Steroid Signup and view all the answers

What types of hormones are produced by non-endocrine tissues?

Growth factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of hormones and receptors?

They perfectly fit with each other Signup and view all the answers

Where are intracellular receptors present?

Inside the membrane of the target cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of membrane receptors?

They act as first messengers Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of hormone binding to a receptor protein?

It forms a hormone-receptor complex Signup and view all the answers

Where are hormone receptors present?

Only on target cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormones generates second messengers like cyclic AMP, IP3, and Ca2+?

Hormones that interact with membrane-bound receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hormones that interact with intracellular receptors?

Regulation of gene expression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following glands is not an endocrine gland?

Pancreas Signup and view all the answers

Which pituitary hormone stimulates the thyroid gland?

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone enters the target cell to regulate gene expression?

Steroid hormone Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of hormones that interact with membrane-bound receptors?

Regulation of gene expression Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of thyroid hormones in children?

Growth and brain development Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of hypothyroidism on the growth and development of a baby?

Decreased growth and brain development Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Graves' disease?

Enlargement of thyroid gland, protruding eyeballs, and increased BMR Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of myxoedema?

Deficiency of iodine in the diet of pregnant woman or the child Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of hypothyroidism on the rate of metabolism?

Decreased rate of metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What is the symptom of hypothyroidism?

Fatigue and sluggishness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of catecholamines during emergency situations?

To break down glycogen and increase blood sugar levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of prolonged hyperglycemia?

A complex disorder known as diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of insulin on hepatocytes and adipocytes?

It enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilization Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the pancreatic tissue that is composed of Islets of Langerhans?

1-2% Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of epinephrine on skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles?

It acts on the muscles to increase alertness and heart rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of hypoglycemia?

A decrease in the blood glucose level below normal Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormone is produced by the Leydig cells in the testes?

Androgen Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is produced by the ovarian follicles and aids in the preparation of the uterus for a fertilized egg?

Progesterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of protein hormones, such as FSH, on the ovarian cell membrane?

Binding to a receptor and generating a second messenger Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hormone ANF produced by the heart?

Regulating blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is produced by the gastrointestinal tract and stimulates the pancreas to release digestive enzymes?

CCK Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormone is produced by the ovaries and plays a crucial role in female reproductive processes?

Estrogen Signup and view all the answers