Chemical Control and Coordination

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following hormones is produced by the heart?

  • Insulin
  • ANF (correct)
  • Erythropoietin
  • Gastrin

What type of hormone is testosterone?

  • Peptide
  • Amino acid derivative
  • Protein
  • Steroid (correct)

Which of the following hormones is produced by the gastrointestinal tract?

  • Insulin
  • Gastrin (correct)
  • FSH
  • Erythropoietin

What is the primary function of the hormone erythropoietin produced by the kidney?

<p>Production of red blood cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of hormones are soluble in water?

<p>Peptide hormones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormone is estrogen?

<p>Steroid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of hormones are produced by non-endocrine tissues?

<p>Growth factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of hormones and receptors?

<p>They perfectly fit with each other (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are intracellular receptors present?

<p>Inside the membrane of the target cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of membrane receptors?

<p>They act as first messengers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of hormone binding to a receptor protein?

<p>It forms a hormone-receptor complex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are hormone receptors present?

<p>Only on target cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormones generates second messengers like cyclic AMP, IP3, and Ca2+?

<p>Hormones that interact with membrane-bound receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hormones that interact with intracellular receptors?

<p>Regulation of gene expression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following glands is not an endocrine gland?

<p>Pancreas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pituitary hormone stimulates the thyroid gland?

<p>Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone enters the target cell to regulate gene expression?

<p>Steroid hormone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of hormones that interact with membrane-bound receptors?

<p>Regulation of gene expression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of thyroid hormones in children?

<p>Growth and brain development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of hypothyroidism on the growth and development of a baby?

<p>Decreased growth and brain development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Graves' disease?

<p>Enlargement of thyroid gland, protruding eyeballs, and increased BMR (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of myxoedema?

<p>Deficiency of iodine in the diet of pregnant woman or the child (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of hypothyroidism on the rate of metabolism?

<p>Decreased rate of metabolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the symptom of hypothyroidism?

<p>Fatigue and sluggishness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of catecholamines during emergency situations?

<p>To break down glycogen and increase blood sugar levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of prolonged hyperglycemia?

<p>A complex disorder known as diabetes mellitus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of insulin on hepatocytes and adipocytes?

<p>It enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the pancreatic tissue that is composed of Islets of Langerhans?

<p>1-2% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of epinephrine on skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles?

<p>It acts on the muscles to increase alertness and heart rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of hypoglycemia?

<p>A decrease in the blood glucose level below normal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormone is produced by the Leydig cells in the testes?

<p>Androgen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is produced by the ovarian follicles and aids in the preparation of the uterus for a fertilized egg?

<p>Progesterone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of protein hormones, such as FSH, on the ovarian cell membrane?

<p>Binding to a receptor and generating a second messenger (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hormone ANF produced by the heart?

<p>Regulating blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is produced by the gastrointestinal tract and stimulates the pancreas to release digestive enzymes?

<p>CCK (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormone is produced by the ovaries and plays a crucial role in female reproductive processes?

<p>Estrogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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