Hormones and Their Characteristics

Large volume of urine excreted (3 - 20 L/day)

Not more than 300 mosm/kg

To allow for accurate measurement of urine volume and osmolality

<p>To prevent dehydration and weight loss (stop if weight falls by &gt;5% compared to the initial body weight)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases urine osmolality</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent seizures and other complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary function of the endocrine system is to maintain the constancy of chemical composition of extracellular and intracellular fluids. It achieves this function through a feedback mechanism, where hormones are produced by endocrine glands, released into the bloodstream, and carried to target organs to produce biochemical changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two types of hormones produced by the pituitary gland are anterior pituitary hormones (e.g. thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, growth hormone) and posterior pituitary hormones (e.g. vasopressin, oxytocin). Anterior pituitary hormones regulate various body functions, while posterior pituitary hormones regulate water balance and lactation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two main types of thyroid hormones produced by the thyroid gland are triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). They regulate metabolism, energy production, and growth and development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two main functions of the adrenal gland are the production of catecholamines (e.g. epinephrine, norepinephrine) by the adrenal medulla, which regulate the 'fight or flight' response, and the production of corticosteroids (e.g. cortisol, aldosterone) by the adrenal cortex, which regulate electrolyte balance and respond to stress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main functions of gonadal hormones are to regulate reproductive processes, such as puberty, menstruation, and sperm production. The primary hormones produced by the ovaries are estrogens and progesterone, while the primary hormones produced by the testes are testosterone and other androgens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Growth hormone is produced by the pituitary gland and regulates growth and development, particularly during childhood and adolescence. It is regulated by the hypothalamus, which produces growth hormone-releasing hormone, which stimulates the pituitary gland to produce growth hormone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulin, Parathyroid hormone, FSH, TRH, TSH, ACTH, Prolactin, Growth Hormone, Calcitonin, Glucagon, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To link the nervous system and endocrine system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steroid hormone; primarily involved in the regulation of metabolism and response to stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulation of circadian rhythm</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibits the release of growth hormone (GH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Produces and regulates various hormones, including growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and others</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Releases thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulates the release of glucocorticoids, such as cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulates ovarian function in females and testicular function in males</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulates growth and development, stimulates production of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)</p> Signup and view all the answers