Hormone Secretion by & in the Body Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary effect of high body temperature on T3 and T4 levels?

  • Downregulates mito oxidative capacity
  • Downregulates TRH and TSH (correct)
  • Upregulates HT and BP
  • Upregulates albumin and TBG

In children, what is the impact of T3 and T4 on bone growth and epiphyseal closure?

  • Decreases formation of cochlea
  • Positively affects brain development (correct)
  • Increases sensitivity to catecholamines
  • Negatively affects bone growth and epiphyseal closure

What is the effect of insulin on pancreas beta cells?

  • Decreases transport of glucose into beta cells
  • Inhibits glycolysis in adipose tissue
  • Promotes glucose uptake by muscle and fat cells (correct)
  • Stimulates glyconeogenesis in the liver

Which hormone is directly stimulated by low blood glucose levels?

<p>Glucagon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cortisol in response to starvation?

<p>Mobilizes amino acids from muscle for glucose conversion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of leptin in adipose tissue?

<p>Promotes lipolysis in fat storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of PTH on bone resorption?

<p>[Short term regulation] promotes osteolysis by osteocyte-dependent transport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of calcitonin on plasma Ca2+ levels?

<p>Decreases plasma Ca2+ levels by antagonizing PTH effects on bone resorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of estrogen in the body?

<p>Stimulates fibroblast formation and collagen synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary in response to high osmolarity of extracellular fluid?

<p>Vasopressin (ADH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Vasopressin (ADH) on the kidney?

<p>Increased water retention (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating contraction of the uterus and mammary gland?

<p>Oxytocin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the negative effect of low osmolarity of extracellular fluid on Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) secretion?

<p>Inhibition of ADH secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates metabolism in adults and is stimulated by T3/T4?

<p>Growth Hormone (GH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direct effect of Growth Hormone (GH) on glucose uptake into tissues?

<p>Inhibition of glucose uptake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone has a diabetogenic effect and mobilizes energy for growth?

<p>Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) on lipolysis?

<p>Enhancement of fat storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for breast development and milk production?

<p>Prolactin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates TRH/TSH and VIP, and is positively influenced by high estrogen levels?

<p>Prolactin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high estrogen levels on prolactin secretion?

<p>Stimulation of prolactin secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates synthesis of enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism?

<p>Prolactin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of high levels of ANP?

<p>Inhibit aldosterone production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates ovulation and luteinization in females?

<p>Luteinizing hormone (LH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of growth hormone (GH) in the body?

<p>Stimulate IGF-1 production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone inhibits prolactin production?

<p>Prolactin-inhibiting factor (PIF, Dopamine) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of cortisol in the body?

<p>Promote lipolysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target gland for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

<p>Adrenal cortex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates thyroid gland enlargement?

<p>Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of luteinizing hormone (LH) in males?

<ul> <li>Testosterone production (C)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)?

<p>Stimulates TSH (thyrotropin) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Prolactin-Inhibiting Factor (PIF, Dopamine)?

<p>Inhibit prolactin production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Somatostatin?

<p>Inhibit TSH (thyrotropin) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of T3/T4 in the body?

<ul> <li>Milk secretion (A)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates the synthesis of enzymes in fat metabolism?

<p>Cortisol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of high levels of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on PTH production?

<p>Decreased PTH production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for antagonizing the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bone resorption?

<p>Calcitonin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In adults, what is the primary effect of low body temperature on T3/T4 levels?

<p>Decreased T3/T4 levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direct effect of aldosterone on renal tubules?

<p>Reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is directly stimulated by high plasma calcium levels?

<p>Calcitriol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of high levels of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on PTH production?

<p>Decreased PTH production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Somatostatin?

<p>Inhibits growth hormone (GH) secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of leptin in adipose tissue?

<p>Reduces fat storage and appetite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of luteinizing hormone (LH) in males?

<p>Stimulates testosterone production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direct effect of Growth Hormone (GH) on glucose uptake into tissues?

<p>Increases glucose uptake into tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for breast development and milk production?

<p>Prolactin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of high body temperature on T3 and T4 levels?

<p>Reduces T3/T4 secretion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direct effect of aldosterone on renal tubules?

<p>Stimulates water retention by kidneys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of estrogen in the body?

<p>Regulates female reproductive system development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of high levels of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on PTH production?

<p>Increases PTH production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates TRH/TSH and VIP, and is positively influenced by high estrogen levels?

<p>Prolactin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is directly stimulated by low blood glucose levels?

<p>Glucagon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high estrogen levels on prolactin secretion?

<p>Increases prolactin secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates the synthesis of enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism?

<p>Cortisol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of high levels of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)?

<p>Decreased aldosterone production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone has a diabetogenic effect and mobilizes energy for growth?

<p>Growth Hormone (GH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1) on lipolysis?

<p>Stimulating fat breakdown in adipose tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Prolactin-Inhibiting Factor (PIF, Dopamine)?

<p>Inhibiting prolactin production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates the enlargement of the thyroid gland?

<p>Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Somatostatin?

<p>Inhibiting TSH secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating contraction of the uterus and mammary gland?

<p>Oxytocin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of high body temperature on T3 and T4 levels?

<p>Increased T3 and T4 levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is directly stimulated by low blood glucose levels?

<p>Glucagon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of leptin in adipose tissue?

<p>Inhibiting fat breakdown (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high estrogen levels on prolactin secretion?

<p>Stimulation of prolactin secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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