Hormone Secretion by & in the Body Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary effect of high body temperature on T3 and T4 levels?

  • Downregulates mito oxidative capacity
  • Downregulates TRH and TSH (correct)
  • Upregulates HT and BP
  • Upregulates albumin and TBG

    • In children, what is the impact of T3 and T4 on bone growth and epiphyseal closure?

  • Decreases formation of cochlea
  • Positively affects brain development (correct)
  • Increases sensitivity to catecholamines
  • Negatively affects bone growth and epiphyseal closure

    • What is the effect of insulin on pancreas beta cells?

  • Decreases transport of glucose into beta cells
  • Inhibits glycolysis in adipose tissue
  • Promotes glucose uptake by muscle and fat cells (correct)
  • Stimulates glyconeogenesis in the liver

    • Which hormone is directly stimulated by low blood glucose levels?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cortisol in response to starvation?

    <p>Mobilizes amino acids from muscle for glucose conversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of leptin in adipose tissue?

    <p>Promotes lipolysis in fat storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of PTH on bone resorption?

    <p>[Short term regulation] promotes osteolysis by osteocyte-dependent transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of calcitonin on plasma Ca2+ levels?

    <p>Decreases plasma Ca2+ levels by antagonizing PTH effects on bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of estrogen in the body?

    <p>Stimulates fibroblast formation and collagen synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary in response to high osmolarity of extracellular fluid?

    <p>Vasopressin (ADH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Vasopressin (ADH) on the kidney?

    <p>Increased water retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating contraction of the uterus and mammary gland?

    <p>Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the negative effect of low osmolarity of extracellular fluid on Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) secretion?

    <p>Inhibition of ADH secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone regulates metabolism in adults and is stimulated by T3/T4?

    <p>Growth Hormone (GH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direct effect of Growth Hormone (GH) on glucose uptake into tissues?

    <p>Inhibition of glucose uptake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone has a diabetogenic effect and mobilizes energy for growth?

    <p>Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) on lipolysis?

    <p>Enhancement of fat storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for breast development and milk production?

    <p>Prolactin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates TRH/TSH and VIP, and is positively influenced by high estrogen levels?

    <p>Prolactin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high estrogen levels on prolactin secretion?

    <p>Stimulation of prolactin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates synthesis of enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism?

    <p>Prolactin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of high levels of ANP?

    <p>Inhibit aldosterone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates ovulation and luteinization in females?

    <p>Luteinizing hormone (LH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of growth hormone (GH) in the body?

    <p>Stimulate IGF-1 production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone inhibits prolactin production?

    <p>Prolactin-inhibiting factor (PIF, Dopamine)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of cortisol in the body?

    <p>Promote lipolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target gland for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

    <p>Adrenal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates thyroid gland enlargement?

    <p>Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of luteinizing hormone (LH) in males?

    <ul> <li>Testosterone production</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)?

    <p>Stimulates TSH (thyrotropin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Prolactin-Inhibiting Factor (PIF, Dopamine)?

    <p>Inhibit prolactin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Somatostatin?

    <p>Inhibit TSH (thyrotropin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of T3/T4 in the body?

    <ul> <li>Milk secretion</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the synthesis of enzymes in fat metabolism?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of high levels of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on PTH production?

    <p>Decreased PTH production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for antagonizing the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bone resorption?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In adults, what is the primary effect of low body temperature on T3/T4 levels?

    <p>Decreased T3/T4 levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direct effect of aldosterone on renal tubules?

    <p>Reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is directly stimulated by high plasma calcium levels?

    <p>Calcitriol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of high levels of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on PTH production?

    <p>Decreased PTH production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Somatostatin?

    <p>Inhibits growth hormone (GH) secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of leptin in adipose tissue?

    <p>Reduces fat storage and appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of luteinizing hormone (LH) in males?

    <p>Stimulates testosterone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direct effect of Growth Hormone (GH) on glucose uptake into tissues?

    <p>Increases glucose uptake into tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for breast development and milk production?

    <p>Prolactin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of high body temperature on T3 and T4 levels?

    <p>Reduces T3/T4 secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direct effect of aldosterone on renal tubules?

    <p>Stimulates water retention by kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of estrogen in the body?

    <p>Regulates female reproductive system development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of high levels of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on PTH production?

    <p>Increases PTH production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates TRH/TSH and VIP, and is positively influenced by high estrogen levels?

    <p>Prolactin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is directly stimulated by low blood glucose levels?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high estrogen levels on prolactin secretion?

    <p>Increases prolactin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the synthesis of enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of high levels of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)?

    <p>Decreased aldosterone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone has a diabetogenic effect and mobilizes energy for growth?

    <p>Growth Hormone (GH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1) on lipolysis?

    <p>Stimulating fat breakdown in adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Prolactin-Inhibiting Factor (PIF, Dopamine)?

    <p>Inhibiting prolactin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the enlargement of the thyroid gland?

    <p>Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Somatostatin?

    <p>Inhibiting TSH secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating contraction of the uterus and mammary gland?

    <p>Oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of high body temperature on T3 and T4 levels?

    <p>Increased T3 and T4 levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is directly stimulated by low blood glucose levels?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of leptin in adipose tissue?

    <p>Inhibiting fat breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high estrogen levels on prolactin secretion?

    <p>Stimulation of prolactin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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