Hormone Receptor Properties and Mechanisms of Action Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of hormones are derived from amino acid tyrosine?

Epinephrine and norepinephrine (correct)
Peptide/Protein hormones
Steroid hormones
Parathormone and calcitonin

Which factor regulates the action of a hormone at a target organ?

Hormone-specific receptors in target cell membranes (correct)
Specific transport systems in plasma
Metabolism
Rate of synthesis and secretion

What is the main property of steroid hormones?

They are stored in the endocrine gland
They are steroid in nature (correct)
They act through calcium
They are large proteins or small peptides

What is the definition of hormones?

Chemical substance produced in one part of the body and carried to distant target organs to modify their functions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of peptide hormones?

Acting via cAMP-cGMP (C) Signup and view all the answers

Describe the classification of hormones based on their nature and provide examples for each category.

<ol> <li>Steroid hormones: Examples include adrenocorticosteroid hormones, androgens, estrogens and progesterone. 2. Amino acid derivatives: Examples include epinephrine, norepinephrine and thyroid hormones. 3. Peptide/Protein hormones: Examples include Insulin, glucagon, parathormone, calcitonin, and pituitary hormones.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the factors that regulate the action of a hormone at a target organ.

The action of a hormone at a target organ is regulated by four factors: 1. Rate of synthesis and secretion 2. Specific transport systems in plasma 3. Hormone-specific receptors in target cell membranes 4. Metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What are the various ways in which a hormone can act, and briefly describe the mechanism of action of peptide hormones?

A hormone can act through various mechanisms. Peptide hormones exert their action by binding to specific receptors on the cell membrane, leading to the activation of secondary messengers such as cAMP or IP3/DAG, which in turn initiate intracellular signaling cascades. Signup and view all the answers

Elaborate on the mechanism of action of insulin hormone.

Insulin exerts its effects by binding to specific insulin receptors on target cell membranes, leading to the activation of intracellular signaling pathways that regulate glucose uptake, metabolism, and storage. Signup and view all the answers

List the hormones that act through cAMP-cGMP and those that act through calcium, and provide examples for each category.

Hormones acting through cAMP-cGMP: Examples include glucagon and parathormone. Hormones acting through calcium: Examples include calcitonin and some pituitary hormones. Signup and view all the answers