Homeostasis & Disease Concepts

<p>Aneuploid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early embryonic development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are both highly curable if detected and treated early. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An ulcerated center (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Damage to melanocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Palms of the hands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basal Cell Carcinoma rarely recurs, while Squamous Cell Carcinoma can recur. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Malignant tumors can invade surrounding tissues and metastasize. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps to transport chloride ions across cell membranes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mutation in the FMR1 gene. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trisomy 21. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thrombocytopenia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metastasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They stimulate protein synthesis involved in cell growth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to metastasize (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Von Willebrand disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marfan Syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect the ends of chromosomes from degradation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A severe wasting syndrome with lean body mass loss. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Progressive degeneration of basal ganglia and frontal lobe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sickle-cell Anemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central nervous system, heart, extremities, eyes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tay-Sachs disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dwarfism (Torso normal, limbs shortened) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurofibromatosis (type 1) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early detection of disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing blood sugar levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exposure to environmental toxins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulating the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specific to a particular organ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells undergo further genetic mutations, acquiring the ability to invade surrounding tissues and metastasize. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To establish new tumors in distant parts of the body, leading to widespread disease. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Staging primarily focuses on evaluating the size and spread of the primary tumor, while grading assesses the tumor's aggressiveness. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Involvement of a single lymph node or a small group of nodes near the primary tumor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It signifies the presence or absence of distant metastases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>T1, N0, M0 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cancers can lead to weight gain and increased appetite due to uncontrolled cell growth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A well-differentiated tumor closely resembles the normal tissue from which it originated, while a poorly-differentiated tumor has a more abnormal appearance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Encapsulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An organism with an abnormal number of chromosomes.

An individual who carries a gene for a recessive genetic disorder but does not show symptoms.

A condition where an individual has one less chromosome than normal, totaling 45 chromosomes.

An environmental agent that causes abnormalities during embryonic or fetal development.

A condition characterized by having one extra chromosome than normal, resulting in 46 chromosomes.

Causes of death and death rate in a population.

Injury that causes massive cell death.

Abnormal new growth of cells, unresponsive to controls.

How the disease process evolves over time.

Disorders with psychological origins affecting the body.

Elements that predispose someone to a disease.

Cortisol impacts metabolism and stress response in the body.

Measures to prevent disease from ever occurring.

A skin cancer caused by UV light affecting basal layer cells, leading to small lesions.

Skin cancer from UV damage to keratinized epidermis; ulcerated lesions can develop.

Aggressive skin cancer originating from melanocytes, especially in sun-exposed areas.

The study of causes for skin cancers, including UV damage and genetic factors.

The development process of skin cancers including morphological changes.

Genetic disorder caused by a defect on chromosome 7 affecting chloride transport.

X-linked condition caused by a repeat in the FMR1 gene leading to developmental issues.

X-linked disorder caused by lack of clotting factor VIII, leading to excessive bleeding.

Genetic disorder from mutated dystrophin gene causing muscle weakness.

Genetic disorder caused by trisomy 21 leading to characteristic features and cognitive delays.

Condition due to monosomy X leading to female phenotypes and developmental delays.

Condition resulting from trisomy XXY causing male phenotype with female characteristics.

A disorder characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and differentiation changes.

Process by which cancer cells spread from a primary tumor to other body parts.

Gene that normally prevents excessive cell division and cancer growth.

Final stage in cancer development where mutated cells become fully cancerous.

Determines how far a tumor has spread in the body.

A system for staging cancers based on Tumor, Nodes, and Metastasis.

T represents the size and extent of the primary tumor.

N indicates involvement of lymph nodes.

M indicates whether there is metastasis present.

Cancer can disrupt normal function and invade tissues, impacting overall health.

Dwarfism caused by mutation in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor, leading to impaired cartilage formation.

Disorder from a mutation on chromosome 15 affecting fibrillin I, causing skeletal, cardiovascular, and eye issues.

Genetic disorder from a tumor suppressor gene defect on chromosome 17, leading to neurogenic tumors.

Blood disorder due to lack of or defective von Willebrand factor, causing prolonged bleeding time.

Genetic disorder on chromosome 4 causing degeneration of the basal ganglia and frontal lobe, resulting in fatal symptoms.

Condition due to deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase, potentially leading to mental retardation.

Lysosomal storage disease where GM2 ganglioside accumulates in neurons, leading to their destruction.

Genetic condition where normal hemoglobin becomes hemoglobin S, causing hemolytic anemia and sickle crisis.