Regulation of Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanism Outline

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What are the components of a feedback mechanism?

Input, Processor, Output

Sensor, Comparator, Effector (correct)

Detector, Reference point, Balancer

Receptor, Setpoint, Restorer

How is homeostasis achieved?

Through rapid responses without any control

Through regulation/controlling of the feedback mechanism (correct)

Through random fluctuations

By adjusting to external changes only

What is the main purpose of homeostasis?

To regulate sleep patterns

To maintain a stable internal environment (correct)

To respond to external stimuli

To control voluntary movements

What is the role of the Effector in a feedback mechanism?

It attempts to restore back to the desired level Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand homeostatic regulation in relation to health, disease & illness, diagnosis & treatment?

To understand how the body maintains internal stability and responds to external changes Signup and view all the answers

Which system is involved in the production of gametes (ova & sperm)?

Reproductive Signup and view all the answers

Which organ system is responsible for body temperature regulation?

Cardiovascular Signup and view all the answers

What organ serves as a vast reservoir of calcium in the body?

Bone Signup and view all the answers

Which system is responsible for removing waste, fluid, and electrolyte balance?

Urinary Signup and view all the answers

Which system is involved in appetite control and the reward system in humans?

Digestive Signup and view all the answers

What are the two basic types of osseous tissue in the adult skeleton?

Compact bone and spongy bone Signup and view all the answers

How are long bones typically shaped?

Longer than they are wide; with a shaft and heads at both ends Signup and view all the answers

What is the subdivision of the skeleton that includes the bones of the limbs?

Appendicular skeleton Signup and view all the answers

Describe the composition of spongy bone.

Composed of long, needle-like pieces of bone and lots of open space Signup and view all the answers

What are the four groups into which bones are classified according to shape?

Long, short, flat, and irregular Signup and view all the answers

What are sesamoid bones, and what is their special characteristic?

Sesamoid bones form within tendons and are a special type of short bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a long bone and what does it consist of?

The structure of a long bone consists of a diaphysis (shaft) made up of compact bone and covered by periosteum, and epiphyses (ends) consisting of a thin layer of compact bone enclosing spongy bone. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of articular cartilage in long bones?

Articular cartilage covers the external surface of the epiphyses, providing a smooth, slippery surface that decreases friction at joint surfaces. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of epiphyseal plates in long bones?

Epiphyseal plates contribute to the lengthwise growth of a long bone, allowing for longitudinal growth during development. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the yellow marrow in adult bones?

The yellow marrow in adult bones primarily functions as a storage area for adipose (fat) tissue. Signup and view all the answers

Where is red marrow primarily found in adult bones?

In adult bones, red marrow is confined to cavities in the spongy bone of flat bones and epiphyses of some long bones. Signup and view all the answers

What do bone markings reveal about the structure of bones?

Bone markings reveal where muscles, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, and nerves were attached, as well as the passage of blood vessels and nerves. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two categories of bone markings?

The two categories of bone markings are projections (elevations or projections) and depressions (cavities or indentations). Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Sharpey's fibers in long bones?

Sharpey's fibers secure the periosteum to the underlying bone, providing stability and attachment for the connective tissue membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the epiphyseal line in adult bones?

In adult bones, the epiphyseal line is a thin line of bony tissue that looks different from the rest of the bone in the area. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the periosteum in long bones?

The periosteum covers and protects the diaphysis (shaft) of a long bone, contributing to bone growth, repair, and nutrition. Signup and view all the answers