Physiology exam prep topics 1-2
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What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in thermoregulation?

  • To maintain a constant body temperature (correct)
  • To regulate the dilation of blood vessels
  • To stimulate sweating
  • To produce hormones that increase body temperature

    • Which process helps maintain a constant osmotic pressure in the body?

  • Thermoregulation
  • Electrolytic regulation
  • Osmoregulation (correct)
  • Chemical regulation

    • What percentage of body weight is composed of water?

  • 60-70% (correct)
  • 70-80%
  • 40-50%
  • 50-60%

    • What is the primary function of the rennin-angiotensin system in osmoregulation?

    <p>To act as a messenger for the electrolytic regulation system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an increase in blood sugar levels in chemical regulation?

    <p>The concentration of insulin increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the skin and adipose tissue in thermoregulation?

    <p>To regulate body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the response of the respiratory system to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration?

    <p>The rate of breathing increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of water composition in an individual mammalian cell?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of homeostasis in the internal environment?

    <p>To maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of homeostatic regulation in the body?

    <p>Electrolyte regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of maintaining the body's core temperature?

    <p>Thermoregulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal pH range of the body's internal environment?

    <p>7.35-7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the pressure exerted by dissolved proteins in the blood?

    <p>Oncotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the regulation of the concentration of solutes in the body?

    <p>Osmoregulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of maintaining a stable internal environment?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an indicator of internal environment homeostasis?

    <p>Blood glucose level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of structural homeostasis in an organism?

    <p>Maintaining the body's anatomical integrity and functional abilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the immune system and immune tissues in homeostasis?

    <p>Preserving the genetic individuality of the organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of blocking protein myostatin in genetically modified animals?

    <p>Increased muscle growth and early death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of homeostasis?

    <p>The relative constancy of an organism's structure, genetics, and internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of organs in the body?

    <p>To cooperate to perform body functions to maximize the benefit to the entire organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of cells in multicellular organisms?

    <p>They have specific functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of rapid muscle growth in genetically modified animals?

    <p>Health problems and early death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the objective of using surrounding environmental factors in animal husbandry?

    <p>To increase animal productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of organs in multicellular organisms?

    <p>To cooperate and perform body functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the body maintains a stable internal environment?

    <p>Negative feedback loops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of rapid muscle growth in genetically modified animals?

    <p>Early and painful death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes is responsible for removing excess water and ions from the blood to maintain osmotic balance?

    <p>Osmoregulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of genetic homeostasis?

    <p>To preserve the genetic individuality of the organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of cells in multicellular organisms?

    <p>They have specific functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the hypothalamus in thermoregulation?

    <p>Monitoring and regulating body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the objective of using surrounding environmental factors in animal husbandry?

    <p>To increase animal productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the body respond to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration?

    <p>Increasing the rate of breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the relative constancy of an organism's internal environment?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormones in osmoregulation?

    <p>Removing excess water and ions from the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the immune system and immune tissues in homeostasis?

    <p>To preserve the genetic individuality of the organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an increase in blood sugar levels in chemical regulation?

    <p>Increased insulin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of blocking protein myostatin in genetically modified animals?

    <p>Rapid muscle growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a homeostatic process?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the skin and adipose tissue in thermoregulation?

    <p>Regulating body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the blood vessels when blood pressure decreases?

    <p>They constrict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feedback mechanism results in the weakening of physiological functions with aging?

    <p>Negative feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition could result from the failure of feedback loops in the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do kidneys play when blood pressure increases?

    <p>They retain less water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from the failure of homeostatic regulation mechanisms?

    <p>Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What general effect does aging have on feedback loops?

    <p>Weakens them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the internal environment of an organism as it ages?

    <p>It becomes unstable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is commonly a consequence of aging related to the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Heart failure due to overwhelmed feedback mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a sensor or receptor in homeostasis?

    <p>To detect changes in the internal or external environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of a homeostatic response receives information from sensors and initiates the response?

    <p>Integrating center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an effector in a homeostatic response?

    <p>Kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a positive feedback loop in homeostasis?

    <p>To enhance an output to maintain homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the hypothalamus in homeostasis?

    <p>To control circadian rhythms and satiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of peripheral chemoreceptors in homeostasis?

    <p>To detect changes in blood pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an effector responding to a stimulus in a homeostatic response?

    <p>The internal environment is maintained</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the integrating center in a homeostatic response?

    <p>To initiate responses to maintain homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily governs the movement of substances across the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Concentration gradients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In homeostatic terms, what effect does temperature have on diffusion rates?

    <p>Temperature increases diffusion rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is critical for enabling passive transport across the cell membrane?

    <p>Protein channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism does not require energy input to move molecules across the cell membrane?

    <p>Passive transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the lipid bilayer structure contribute to homeostasis?

    <p>By forming a barrier that regulates substance entry and exit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is least likely to passively diffuse through the lipid bilayer?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT involved in determining the direction of passive substance movement?

    <p>Chromosomal DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do dissolved proteins play in the homeostasis of body fluids?

    <p>Determining osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the body maintains a stable internal environment?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an increase in blood sugar levels in chemical regulation?

    <p>Increased insulin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is responsible for maintaining the body's core temperature?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormones in osmoregulation?

    <p>Removing excess water and ions from the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of osmoregulation?

    <p>Maintaining a constant osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the skin and adipose tissue in thermoregulation?

    <p>Maintaining the body's core temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the respiratory system?

    <p>Increased breathing rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the rennin-angiotensin system in osmoregulation?

    <p>Acting as a messenger for electrolytic regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of homeostasis in the internal environment?

    <p>To maintain a stable internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an indicator of internal environment homeostasis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of maintaining the body's core temperature?

    <p>Thermoregulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of homeostatic regulation is responsible for maintaining a stable concentration of solutes in the body?

    <p>Osmoregulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal pH range of the body's internal environment?

    <p>7.35-7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the pressure exerted by dissolved proteins in the blood?

    <p>Colloid osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a homeostatic process?

    <p>The regulation of body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of homeostats in the body?

    <p>To maintain a stable internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the body's internal environment is maintained?

    <p>Tight coupling and regulation of organ systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of blocking protein myostatin in genetically modified animals?

    <p>Rapid muscle growth and multiple health problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of structural homeostasis in an organism?

    <p>Maintaining anatomical integrity and functional abilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of cells in multicellular organisms?

    <p>They have specific functions and assemble to form tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the immune system and immune tissues in homeostasis?

    <p>Preserving genetic individuality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the objective of using surrounding environmental factors in animal husbandry?

    <p>To increase animal productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of rapid muscle growth in genetically modified animals?

    <p>Multiple health problems and early death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of homeostasis?

    <p>The relative constancy of an organism's structure, genetics, and internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of receptor is responsible for detecting changes in blood pH?

    <p>Chemoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain acts as the primary integrating center for homeostasis?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do kidneys play in blood pressure regulation through homeostasis?

    <p>Retaining water to increase blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feedback loop enhances an output to maintain homeostasis?

    <p>Positive feedback loop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sensor type is involved in detecting temperature changes in the body?

    <p>Thermoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an effector in homeostasis?

    <p>Responding to signals and causing changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the kidneys when blood pressure increases?

    <p>They retain less water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological process is primarily controlled by circadian rhythms?

    <p>Sleep and wake cycles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of homeostatic mechanism involves reducing deviations from a set point?

    <p>Negative feedback loop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the failure of feedback loops in the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the blood vessels when blood pressure decreases?

    <p>They constrict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general effect of aging on feedback loops?

    <p>They weaken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the disruption of normal homeostasis?

    <p>Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the internal environment of an organism as it ages?

    <p>It becomes less stable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of aging related to the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

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