Physiology exam prep topics 1-2

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What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in thermoregulation?

To maintain a constant body temperature (correct)

To regulate the dilation of blood vessels

To stimulate sweating

To produce hormones that increase body temperature

Which process helps maintain a constant osmotic pressure in the body?

Thermoregulation

Electrolytic regulation

Osmoregulation (correct)

Chemical regulation

What percentage of body weight is composed of water?

60-70% (correct)

70-80%

40-50%

50-60%

What is the primary function of the rennin-angiotensin system in osmoregulation?

To act as a messenger for the electrolytic regulation system Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an increase in blood sugar levels in chemical regulation?

The concentration of insulin increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the skin and adipose tissue in thermoregulation?

To regulate body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the response of the respiratory system to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration?

The rate of breathing increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of water composition in an individual mammalian cell?

80% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of homeostasis in the internal environment?

To maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of homeostatic regulation in the body?

Electrolyte regulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of maintaining the body's core temperature?

Thermoregulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal pH range of the body's internal environment?

7.35-7.45 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the pressure exerted by dissolved proteins in the blood?

Oncotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the regulation of the concentration of solutes in the body?

Osmoregulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of maintaining a stable internal environment?

Homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an indicator of internal environment homeostasis?

Blood glucose level Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of structural homeostasis in an organism?

Maintaining the body's anatomical integrity and functional abilities Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the immune system and immune tissues in homeostasis?

Preserving the genetic individuality of the organism Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of blocking protein myostatin in genetically modified animals?

Increased muscle growth and early death Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of homeostasis?

The relative constancy of an organism's structure, genetics, and internal environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of organs in the body?

To cooperate to perform body functions to maximize the benefit to the entire organism Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cells in multicellular organisms?

They have specific functions Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of rapid muscle growth in genetically modified animals?

Health problems and early death Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of using surrounding environmental factors in animal husbandry?

To increase animal productivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of organs in multicellular organisms?

To cooperate and perform body functions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which the body maintains a stable internal environment?

Negative feedback loops Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of rapid muscle growth in genetically modified animals?

Early and painful death Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is responsible for removing excess water and ions from the blood to maintain osmotic balance?

Osmoregulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of genetic homeostasis?

To preserve the genetic individuality of the organism Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cells in multicellular organisms?

They have specific functions Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the hypothalamus in thermoregulation?

Monitoring and regulating body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of using surrounding environmental factors in animal husbandry?

To increase animal productivity Signup and view all the answers

How does the body respond to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration?

Increasing the rate of breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the relative constancy of an organism's internal environment?

Homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormones in osmoregulation?

Removing excess water and ions from the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the immune system and immune tissues in homeostasis?

To preserve the genetic individuality of the organism Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an increase in blood sugar levels in chemical regulation?

Increased insulin production Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of blocking protein myostatin in genetically modified animals?

Rapid muscle growth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a homeostatic process?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the skin and adipose tissue in thermoregulation?

Regulating body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the blood vessels when blood pressure decreases?

They constrict Signup and view all the answers

Which feedback mechanism results in the weakening of physiological functions with aging?

Negative feedback Signup and view all the answers

Which condition could result from the failure of feedback loops in the cardiovascular system?

Heart failure Signup and view all the answers

What role do kidneys play when blood pressure increases?

They retain less water Signup and view all the answers

What results from the failure of homeostatic regulation mechanisms?

Disease Signup and view all the answers

What general effect does aging have on feedback loops?

Weakens them Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the internal environment of an organism as it ages?

It becomes unstable Signup and view all the answers

What is commonly a consequence of aging related to the cardiovascular system?

Heart failure due to overwhelmed feedback mechanisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a sensor or receptor in homeostasis?

To detect changes in the internal or external environment Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a homeostatic response receives information from sensors and initiates the response?

Integrating center Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an effector in a homeostatic response?

Kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a positive feedback loop in homeostasis?

To enhance an output to maintain homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the hypothalamus in homeostasis?

To control circadian rhythms and satiety Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of peripheral chemoreceptors in homeostasis?

To detect changes in blood pH Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an effector responding to a stimulus in a homeostatic response?

The internal environment is maintained Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the integrating center in a homeostatic response?

To initiate responses to maintain homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What primarily governs the movement of substances across the lipid bilayer?

Concentration gradients Signup and view all the answers

In homeostatic terms, what effect does temperature have on diffusion rates?

Temperature increases diffusion rates Signup and view all the answers

Which component is critical for enabling passive transport across the cell membrane?

Protein channels Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism does not require energy input to move molecules across the cell membrane?

Passive transport Signup and view all the answers

How does the lipid bilayer structure contribute to homeostasis?

By forming a barrier that regulates substance entry and exit Signup and view all the answers

Which is least likely to passively diffuse through the lipid bilayer?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT involved in determining the direction of passive substance movement?

Chromosomal DNA Signup and view all the answers

What role do dissolved proteins play in the homeostasis of body fluids?

Determining osmotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which the body maintains a stable internal environment?

Homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an increase in blood sugar levels in chemical regulation?

Increased insulin production Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for maintaining the body's core temperature?

Hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormones in osmoregulation?

Removing excess water and ions from the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of osmoregulation?

Maintaining a constant osmotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the skin and adipose tissue in thermoregulation?

Maintaining the body's core temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the respiratory system?

Increased breathing rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the rennin-angiotensin system in osmoregulation?

Acting as a messenger for electrolytic regulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of homeostasis in the internal environment?

To maintain a stable internal environment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an indicator of internal environment homeostasis?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of maintaining the body's core temperature?

Thermoregulation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of homeostatic regulation is responsible for maintaining a stable concentration of solutes in the body?

Osmoregulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal pH range of the body's internal environment?

7.35-7.45 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the pressure exerted by dissolved proteins in the blood?

Colloid osmotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a homeostatic process?

The regulation of body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of homeostats in the body?

To maintain a stable internal environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which the body's internal environment is maintained?

Tight coupling and regulation of organ systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of blocking protein myostatin in genetically modified animals?

Rapid muscle growth and multiple health problems Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of structural homeostasis in an organism?

Maintaining anatomical integrity and functional abilities Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cells in multicellular organisms?

They have specific functions and assemble to form tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the immune system and immune tissues in homeostasis?

Preserving genetic individuality Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of using surrounding environmental factors in animal husbandry?

To increase animal productivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of rapid muscle growth in genetically modified animals?

Multiple health problems and early death Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of homeostasis?

The relative constancy of an organism's structure, genetics, and internal environment Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptor is responsible for detecting changes in blood pH?

Chemoreceptors Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain acts as the primary integrating center for homeostasis?

Hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

What role do kidneys play in blood pressure regulation through homeostasis?

Retaining water to increase blood volume Signup and view all the answers

Which feedback loop enhances an output to maintain homeostasis?

Positive feedback loop Signup and view all the answers

Which sensor type is involved in detecting temperature changes in the body?

Thermoreceptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an effector in homeostasis?

Responding to signals and causing changes Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the kidneys when blood pressure increases?

They retain less water Signup and view all the answers

Which physiological process is primarily controlled by circadian rhythms?

Sleep and wake cycles Signup and view all the answers

What type of homeostatic mechanism involves reducing deviations from a set point?

Negative feedback loop Signup and view all the answers

Physiology exam prep topics 1-2

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in thermoregulation?

Which process helps maintain a constant osmotic pressure in the body?

What percentage of body weight is composed of water?

What is the primary function of the rennin-angiotensin system in osmoregulation?

What is the result of an increase in blood sugar levels in chemical regulation?

What is the primary function of the skin and adipose tissue in thermoregulation?

What is the response of the respiratory system to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration?

What is the percentage of water composition in an individual mammalian cell?

What is the primary function of homeostasis in the internal environment?

Which of the following is NOT a type of homeostatic regulation in the body?

What is the term for the process of maintaining the body's core temperature?

What is the normal pH range of the body's internal environment?

What is the term for the pressure exerted by dissolved proteins in the blood?

What is the term for the regulation of the concentration of solutes in the body?

What is the term for the process of maintaining a stable internal environment?

Which of the following is an indicator of internal environment homeostasis?

What is the primary function of structural homeostasis in an organism?

What is the role of the immune system and immune tissues in homeostasis?

What is the result of blocking protein myostatin in genetically modified animals?

What is the definition of homeostasis?

What is the role of organs in the body?

What is the characteristic of cells in multicellular organisms?

What is the result of rapid muscle growth in genetically modified animals?

What is the objective of using surrounding environmental factors in animal husbandry?

What is the primary role of organs in multicellular organisms?

What is the primary mechanism by which the body maintains a stable internal environment?

What is the result of rapid muscle growth in genetically modified animals?

Which of the following processes is responsible for removing excess water and ions from the blood to maintain osmotic balance?

What is the purpose of genetic homeostasis?

What is the characteristic of cells in multicellular organisms?

What is the role of the hypothalamus in thermoregulation?

What is the objective of using surrounding environmental factors in animal husbandry?

How does the body respond to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration?

What is the term for the relative constancy of an organism's internal environment?

What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormones in osmoregulation?

What is the role of the immune system and immune tissues in homeostasis?

What is the result of an increase in blood sugar levels in chemical regulation?

What is the result of blocking protein myostatin in genetically modified animals?

Which of the following is an example of a homeostatic process?

What is the primary function of the skin and adipose tissue in thermoregulation?

What happens to the blood vessels when blood pressure decreases?

Which feedback mechanism results in the weakening of physiological functions with aging?

Which condition could result from the failure of feedback loops in the cardiovascular system?

What role do kidneys play when blood pressure increases?

What results from the failure of homeostatic regulation mechanisms?

What general effect does aging have on feedback loops?

What happens to the internal environment of an organism as it ages?

What is commonly a consequence of aging related to the cardiovascular system?

What is the primary function of a sensor or receptor in homeostasis?

Which component of a homeostatic response receives information from sensors and initiates the response?

What is an example of an effector in a homeostatic response?

What is the purpose of a positive feedback loop in homeostasis?

What is the role of the hypothalamus in homeostasis?

What is the function of peripheral chemoreceptors in homeostasis?

What is the result of an effector responding to a stimulus in a homeostatic response?

What is the purpose of the integrating center in a homeostatic response?

What primarily governs the movement of substances across the lipid bilayer?

In homeostatic terms, what effect does temperature have on diffusion rates?

Which component is critical for enabling passive transport across the cell membrane?

Which mechanism does not require energy input to move molecules across the cell membrane?

How does the lipid bilayer structure contribute to homeostasis?

Which is least likely to passively diffuse through the lipid bilayer?

Which factor is NOT involved in determining the direction of passive substance movement?

What role do dissolved proteins play in the homeostasis of body fluids?

What is the primary mechanism by which the body maintains a stable internal environment?

What is the result of an increase in blood sugar levels in chemical regulation?

Which organ is responsible for maintaining the body's core temperature?

What is the primary function of antidiuretic hormones in osmoregulation?

What is the result of osmoregulation?

What is the primary function of the skin and adipose tissue in thermoregulation?

What is the result of an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the respiratory system?

What is the primary function of the rennin-angiotensin system in osmoregulation?

What is the primary function of homeostasis in the internal environment?

Which of the following is an indicator of internal environment homeostasis?

What is the term for the process of maintaining the body's core temperature?

Which type of homeostatic regulation is responsible for maintaining a stable concentration of solutes in the body?

What is the normal pH range of the body's internal environment?