1.3 MOVEMENT THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANE

Outermost part of the cell

cell membrane

Separates substances of the extracellular fluid from those materials within the cytoplasm

cell membrane

Acts as a selective permeable barrier

cell membrane

TWO TRANSPORT MECHANISMS

passive membrane transport, active membrane transport Signup and view all the answers

Does not require the cell to expend energy or ATP;

passive membrane transport Signup and view all the answers

It includes diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion

passive membrane transport Signup and view all the answers

It includes secondary transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis

active membrane transport Signup and view all the answers

Solutes, such as ions and molecules tend to move from an area of higher concentration of a solute to an area of lower concentration

diffusion Signup and view all the answers

The diffusion of water (a solvent) across a selectively permeable membrane, from a region of higher water concentration to one of lower water concentration.

OSMOSIS Signup and view all the answers

a carrier-mediated transport process that moves substances across the cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration of that substance

facilitated diffusion Signup and view all the answers

a carrier-mediated transport process that moves substances across the cell membrane from regions of lower concentration to those of higher concentration against a concentration gradient

active transport Signup and view all the answers

involves the active transport of one substance, such as sodium, across the cell membrane, establishing a concentration gradient

secondary active transport Signup and view all the answers

involves the active transport of one substance, such as sodium, across the cell membrane, establishing a concentration gradient

secondary active transport Signup and view all the answers

The diffusion of the transported substance down its concentration gradient provides the energy to transport a second substance such as glucose, across the cell membrane

secondary active transport Signup and view all the answers

uptake of material through the cell membrane by the formation of a vesicle

ENDOCYTOSIS Signup and view all the answers

secretory vesicles move to the cell membrane, where the vesicle membrane fuses with the cell membrane, and the material in the vesicle is released from the cell

exocytosis Signup and view all the answers

one having a low solute concentration (E.g. 0.1% NaCl);

hypotonic solution Signup and view all the answers

0.1% NaCl

hypotonic solution Signup and view all the answers

When RBCs are placed in this solution, water enters the cell by osmosis causing the cell to swell

hypotonic solution Signup and view all the answers

one having a concentration of solutes equal to that inside the cell

isotonic solution Signup and view all the answers

0.9% NaCl

isotonic solution Signup and view all the answers

When RBCs are placed in this solution, water moves into and out of the cell at the same rate. No net water movement occurs, so cells remain their normal shape

isotonic solution Signup and view all the answers

When RBCs are placed in this solution, water moves into and out of the cell at the same rate. No net water movement occurs, so cells remain their normal shape

isotonic solution Signup and view all the answers

one having a high solute concentration

hypertonic solution Signup and view all the answers

10% NaCl

hypertonic solution Signup and view all the answers

When RBCs are placed in this solution, water moves by osmosis out of the cell and into the solution resulting in shrinkage

hypertonic solution Signup and view all the answers

Effects of Hypotonic, Isotonic, and Hypertonic Solutions on Red Blood Cells

ISOTONIC SOLUTION = cells remain their normal shape HYPOTONIC SOLUTION = swell HYPERTONIC SOLUTION = shrinkage t = c Signup and view all the answers

Effects of Hypotonic, Isotonic, and Hypertonic Solutions

HYPOTONIC SOLUTION = low solute concentration ISOTONIC SOLUTION = concentration of solutes equal to that inside the cell HYPERTONIC SOLUTION = a high solute concentration t = c Signup and view all the answers

1.3 MOVEMENT THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANE

Questions and Answers

Outermost part of the cell

Separates substances of the extracellular fluid from those materials within the cytoplasm

Acts as a selective permeable barrier

TWO TRANSPORT MECHANISMS

Does not require the cell to expend energy or ATP;

It includes diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion

It includes secondary transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis

Solutes, such as ions and molecules tend to move from an area of higher concentration of a solute to an area of lower concentration

The diffusion of water (a solvent) across a selectively permeable membrane, from a region of higher water concentration to one of lower water concentration.

a carrier-mediated transport process that moves substances across the cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration of that substance

a carrier-mediated transport process that moves substances across the cell membrane from regions of lower concentration to those of higher concentration against a concentration gradient

involves the active transport of one substance, such as sodium, across the cell membrane, establishing a concentration gradient

involves the active transport of one substance, such as sodium, across the cell membrane, establishing a concentration gradient

The diffusion of the transported substance down its concentration gradient provides the energy to transport a second substance such as glucose, across the cell membrane

uptake of material through the cell membrane by the formation of a vesicle

secretory vesicles move to the cell membrane, where the vesicle membrane fuses with the cell membrane, and the material in the vesicle is released from the cell

one having a low solute concentration (E.g. 0.1% NaCl);

0.1% NaCl

When RBCs are placed in this solution, water enters the cell by osmosis causing the cell to swell

one having a concentration of solutes equal to that inside the cell

0.9% NaCl

When RBCs are placed in this solution, water moves into and out of the cell at the same rate. No net water movement occurs, so cells remain their normal shape

When RBCs are placed in this solution, water moves into and out of the cell at the same rate. No net water movement occurs, so cells remain their normal shape

one having a high solute concentration

10% NaCl

When RBCs are placed in this solution, water moves by osmosis out of the cell and into the solution resulting in shrinkage

Effects of Hypotonic, Isotonic, and Hypertonic Solutions on Red Blood Cells

Effects of Hypotonic, Isotonic, and Hypertonic Solutions

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