Hlth 125 Ch 11 Medical Terminology Flashcards

Medical Terminology Key Terms

• Alveolus: Small, hollow air sac in the lungs; roots imply "small" and "pertaining to."
• Anthracosis: Lung condition due to inhalation of coal dust and silica; rooted in "coal."
• Asphyxia: Emergency condition with oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide increase in blood.
• Aspiration: Process of drawing in or out via suction; often using a syringe or needle.
• Atelectasis: Partial collapse of alveolus segments, reducing area for gas exchange.
• Bronchiectasis: Chronic dilation of bronchus or bronchi; related to lung structure.
• Cheyne-Stokes Respiration: Breathing pattern marked by cycles of increasing respiration followed by apnea.
• Croup: Acute respiratory disease causing laryngeal obstruction, common in children.
• Diaphragmatocele: Hernia involving the diaphragm; "swelling" within the "partition."
• Dysphonia: Difficulty speaking; involves components related to voice.
• Empyema: Presence of pus in a body cavity.
• Epistaxis: Medical term for nosebleed.
• Eupnea: Normal or good breathing; reflects healthy respiratory function.
• Hemoptysis: Spitting of blood; significant finding in respiratory evaluations.
• Hypoxia: Inadequate oxygen supply; indicative of respiratory or circulatory issues.
• Legionnaires Disease: Serious form of pneumonia affecting the lungs.
• Lobectomy: Surgical excision of a lobe from an organ, essential in treating certain lung conditions.
• Mesothelioma: Malignant tumor linked to asbestos exposure, affecting the mesothelium.
• Oropharynx: Central throat region between the soft palate and epiglottis; plays role in digestion and respiration.
• Orthopnea: Inability to breathe comfortably unless in an upright position; symptom of various conditions.
• Pertussis: Known as whooping cough; highly contagious respiratory disease.
• Pleurisy: Inflammation of the pleura, often due to injury; causes sharp chest pain.
• Pleurodynia: Pain specifically arising from the pleura; relates to pleural inflammation.
• Pneumoconiosis: Lung disease caused by inhalation of dust, particularly coal dust; chronic condition.
• Pneumothorax: Condition characterized by air accumulation between the chest wall and lungs.
• Polyp: Tumor characterized by a stalk; can occur in various body tissues.
• Rale: Abnormal lung sound heard during auscultation; indicative of fluid in airways.
• Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Condition in premature infants due to underdeveloped lungs.
• Respiratory Virus Infection: Common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants under one year.
• Rhinovirus: Type of virus responsible for common cold; rhinitis-related conditions.
• Rhoncus: Rattling sound in the throat during breathing; related to mucus or obstruction.
• Sarcoidosis: Chronic granulomatous disease that may affect multiple organs; marked by abnormal tissue.
• Spirometer: Instrument measuring lung volumes; crucial for respiratory assessments.
• Sputum: Mucus or fluid coughed up from the lungs; analyzed for diagnostics.
• Stridor: High-pitched sound indicating partial obstruction of the airways; commonly heard during inhalation.
• Tomy: Suffix meaning incision; used in various surgical terms.
• Stomy: Suffix meaning new opening; reflects surgical alterations for access or drainage.