HLTENN036 Nursing Practice Lesson 2: Communication Skills

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Questions and Answers

What are some barriers/constraints to communication that may have a negative impact on building trust and therapeutic relationship between nurse and patient?

Language differences, Religious differences, Cultural differences, Intellectual differences, Educational differences, Physical disabilities, Inappropriate clothing, Employment differences, Situational differences, Differing values, Development differences, Emotional states/Intelligence, Illness-medication, Pain, Complex information/information overload, Environmental difficulties, Stress, Urgency of situation, Time, Personal bias

Define Cultural Safety.

Cultural safety is an environment that is spiritually, socially and emotionally safe, as well as physically safe for people; where there is no assault, challenge or denial of their identity, of who they are and what they need.

Why is Cultural Competence important?

Key strategy in reducing inequalities in healthcare access, Improve outcome and quality of care received, More efficient and effective healthcare services, Reduce expenditure, Greater client satisfaction

What are some common causes of aggression and anger in patients?

Fear, frustration, confusion, anxiety related to perceived threat Signup and view all the answers

What is the nurse's role in assisting patients coping with death, grief, loss, and disability?

To allow patients time to experience and express their feelings and to feel validated Signup and view all the answers

How can nurses assist patients or their family members in coping with grief?

By providing a supportive environment, allowing them to express their feelings, and offering validation Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do if they feel threatened or uncomfortable in a situation?

Seek help from other colleagues and protect themselves Signup and view all the answers

What action should a nurse take if they feel threatened in a situation?

Call for assistance from appropriate codes Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of nurses being aware of their own personal feelings regarding death, loss, and disability?

To better assist the patients they care for Signup and view all the answers

How can a nurse create a supportive environment for patients experiencing grief?

By allowing them to express their feelings and ensuring they feel validated Signup and view all the answers

What factors can lead to a patient becoming violent due to anger?

Being consumed by anger as a result of unmet needs or expectations Signup and view all the answers

Why may the interpreters ethnicity and religion be important to some clients?

Some clients may prefer an interpreter of a specific ethnicity or religion. Signup and view all the answers

When using an interpreter, how should you address the patient?

Speak directly to the patient, not to the interpreter. Signup and view all the answers

What type of interpreting service is recommended for basic or short communication in rural/remote areas?

Telephone Interpreting Service (TIS) Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended when arranging a time and place for all personnel to be present when working with an interpreter?

Arrange seating in a circle or triangle. Signup and view all the answers

Why should you use short sentences and speak directly to the patient when working with an interpreter?

To ensure clarity and effective communication. Signup and view all the answers

Why is skillfully delivering complex information to the patient and their family an essential skill for healthcare professionals?

It is a difficult but crucial part of providing patient care. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pausing after 2-3 sentences when using an interpreter?

To allow the interpreter to explain the message. Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of booking on-site interpreting in advance for complex or lengthy sessions?

To ensure availability and proper coordination. Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Cultural Safety'?

Cultural Safety refers to the safe space where a person's culture is respected and they feel free to express their identity. Signup and view all the answers

How can you communicate in a culturally safe manner?

To communicate in a culturally safe manner, one should respect diversity, avoid assumptions, and actively listen to understand the patient's perspective. Signup and view all the answers

What are some strategies to communicate with a Hearing impaired person?

Strategies include facing the person directly, speaking clearly, using gestures or sign language, and providing written information if needed. Signup and view all the answers

How can you communicate with a Visually impaired person?

When communicating with visually impaired individuals, use verbal descriptions, offer assistance when needed, and avoid assuming their limitations. Signup and view all the answers

How do you communicate with a Cognitively impaired person?

Communication with cognitively impaired individuals involves using simple language, repetition, visual aids, and providing ample time for understanding. Signup and view all the answers

What are some strategies to communicate with a Physically impaired person?

Strategies include being patient, offering assistance respectfully, using clear and direct language, and ensuring physical comfort during communication. Signup and view all the answers

How can you communicate with a person from a non-English speaking or culturally diverse background?

Communicate by using interpreters if necessary, speaking slowly and clearly, avoiding jargon, and being open to cultural differences. Signup and view all the answers

What are some strategies to break bad news to a client?

Strategies include finding a suitable environment, being honest and empathetic, allowing time for emotional responses, and providing support or resources. Signup and view all the answers

Name a few barriers that inhibit effective communication.

Some barriers include language differences, cultural misunderstandings, physical impairments, cognitive impairments, and lack of attention or active listening. Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym SPIKES stand for in delivering distressing information to patients and their families?

S = Setting, P = Perception, I = Invitation, K = Knowledge, E = Empathy, S = Summary Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of utilizing the SPIKES protocol?

To enable clinicians to gather information from the patient, transmit medical information, provide support, and collaborate on a treatment plan for the future. Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the SPIKES protocol when breaking bad news?

S = Setting: establish the setting physical context Signup and view all the answers

What should clinicians do during the 'Setting' phase of SPIKES protocol to maintain good communication?

Listen attentively, maintain eye contact, nod and acknowledge, avoid interrupting the patient, and ensure no distractions like tissues, mobile phones, or beepers. Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'P = Perception' step in SPIKES protocol involve?

Establishing what the patient already knows, discussing events leading up to the current situation, and exploring the patient's understanding of their own illness. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Barriers to Communication and Trust

Power imbalance between nurse and patient can negatively impact building trust and therapeutic relationship
Language barriers, cultural differences, and past experiences can also hinder communication and trust-building

Cultural Safety

Cultural Safety refers to an environment where patients feel safe and respected, free from discrimination and marginalization
It involves acknowledging and addressing power imbalances and cultural differences to provide holistic care

Cultural Competence

Cultural Competence is essential for healthcare professionals to provide individualized care that respects patients' cultural backgrounds and values
It enhances patient-centered care, improves health outcomes, and reduces health disparities

Aggression and Anger in Patients

Common causes of aggression and anger in patients include pain, discomfort, fear, and feeling threatened or disrespected
Unmet needs, frustration, and lack of control can also contribute to patient aggression

Nurse's Role in Coping with Death, Grief, Loss, and Disability

Nurses play a critical role in assisting patients and their families in coping with death, grief, loss, and disability
They provide emotional support, education, and guidance to facilitate coping and adaptation

Coping with Grief

Nurses can assist patients and their families in coping with grief by:
- Providing emotional support and validation
- Encouraging expression of feelings and concerns
- Offering educational resources and guidance
- Facilitating communication and connection with others

Threatening Situations

If a nurse feels threatened or uncomfortable in a situation, they should:
- Stay calm and assess the situation
- Seek support from colleagues or security personnel if necessary
- Prioritize their own safety and the patient's well-being

Nurse's Personal Feelings

Nurses should be aware of their own personal feelings regarding death, loss, and disability to:
- Provide empathetic and non-judgmental care
- Recognize potential biases and overcome them

Creating a Supportive Environment

Nurses can create a supportive environment for patients experiencing grief by:
- Providing a comfortable and private space for emotional expression
- Offering emotional support and validation
- Encouraging open communication and connection with others

Patient Violence

Factors that can lead to patient violence due to anger include:
- Unmet needs and feelings of frustration
- Pain, discomfort, or feeling threatened
- Lack of control or autonomy

Working with Interpreters

When working with an interpreter, nurses should:
- Address the patient directly, not the interpreter
- Use short sentences and speak clearly
- Pause after 2-3 sentences to allow for accurate interpretation
- Book on-site interpreting in advance for complex or lengthy sessions
- Arrange a private and comfortable space for the patient, interpreter, and nurse

Communicating with Diverse Patient Groups

Strategies for communicating with:
- Hearing impaired patients: use written communication, visual aids, and clear speech
- Visually impaired patients: use verbal communication, braille, and tactile aids
- Cognitively impaired patients: use simple and clear language, visual aids, and validate their feelings
- Physically impaired patients: use adapted communication methods, such as augmentative and alternative communication devices
- Patients from non-English speaking or culturally diverse backgrounds: use interpreters, cultural brokers, and bilingual staff

Breaking Bad News

Strategies for breaking bad news include:
- Using the SPIKES protocol (Setting, Perception, Invitation, Knowledge, Emotions, and Summary)
- Providing empathetic and compassionate communication
- Being honest and transparent about the patient's condition
- Offering support and resources for coping with the news

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Description

This quiz covers topics related to applying communication skills in nursing practice, focusing on complex communication. It includes identifying constraints to communication, understanding cultural safety, and strategies for communicating with individuals who are hearing, visually, cognitively, or physically impaired.