Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one key treatment goal for patients with HIV-1 infection?
What is one key treatment goal for patients with HIV-1 infection?
- Manage only the side effects of the medication
- Reduce the number of pills required for treatment
- Achieve and sustain maximum suppression of HIV RNA in the plasma (correct)
- Stop all medications after initial viral load suppression
Which factor is NOT considered when choosing a treatment plan for an individual patient with HIV?
Which factor is NOT considered when choosing a treatment plan for an individual patient with HIV?
- Side effect profile
- Social media influence (correct)
- Likelihood of drug interactions
- Treatment efficacy
What does an undetectable viral load imply in the context of HIV treatment?
What does an undetectable viral load imply in the context of HIV treatment?
- Treatment should be stopped immediately
- The patient no longer needs regular monitoring
- The patient can no longer transmit the virus (correct)
- The medication is ineffective
Which drug abbreviation refers to long-acting cabotegravir?
Which drug abbreviation refers to long-acting cabotegravir?
Which of the following is a common laboratory evaluation parameter before starting ART in HIV patients?
Which of the following is a common laboratory evaluation parameter before starting ART in HIV patients?
What is a consideration regarding the side effect profile of HIV medications?
What is a consideration regarding the side effect profile of HIV medications?
In the context of HIV treatment, what would be an integrated approach to care?
In the context of HIV treatment, what would be an integrated approach to care?
Why is resistance testing important in the management of HIV?
Why is resistance testing important in the management of HIV?
What is one of the goals of the medications mentioned, such as 3TC or ABC?
What is one of the goals of the medications mentioned, such as 3TC or ABC?
Which of the following screenings is specifically for identifying genetic factors that could influence treatment effectiveness?
Which of the following screenings is specifically for identifying genetic factors that could influence treatment effectiveness?
What is the recommended CD4 count that indicates a more favorable condition for initiating treatment?
What is the recommended CD4 count that indicates a more favorable condition for initiating treatment?
Which of the following drugs is classified as a Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI)?
Which of the following drugs is classified as a Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI)?
Which of the following screenings is NOT typically related to HIV treatment management?
Which of the following screenings is NOT typically related to HIV treatment management?
Which medication is specifically aimed at minimizing HIV-related health complications?
Which medication is specifically aimed at minimizing HIV-related health complications?
What type of tests are considered essential screenings before initiating certain HIV treatments?
What type of tests are considered essential screenings before initiating certain HIV treatments?
What is the primary intention of conducting STI screenings in the context of HIV treatment?
What is the primary intention of conducting STI screenings in the context of HIV treatment?
Flashcards
HIV RNA Level (Viral Load)
HIV RNA Level (Viral Load)
A test that measures the amount of HIV in a person's blood (plasma).
HIV Antigen/Antibody
HIV Antigen/Antibody
A test that detects the presence of HIV antibodies and/or antigens in the blood.
CD4 Cell Count
CD4 Cell Count
A measure of the number of CD4+ T cells in the blood. CD4+ T cells are a type of white blood cell that is crucial for the immune system.
Serum Lipids
Serum Lipids
Signup and view all the flashcards
Complete Blood Count
Complete Blood Count
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chemistry Panel
Chemistry Panel
Signup and view all the flashcards
Treatment Goal: Undetectable Viral Load
Treatment Goal: Undetectable Viral Load
Signup and view all the flashcards
Integrase Inhibitors (INSTIs)
Integrase Inhibitors (INSTIs)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)
Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF)
Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Emtricitabine (FTC)
Emtricitabine (FTC)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Darunavir (DRV)
Darunavir (DRV)
Signup and view all the flashcards
HIV Antibody Test
HIV Antibody Test
Signup and view all the flashcards
CD4 Count
CD4 Count
Signup and view all the flashcards
Genotypic Drug-Resistance Testing
Genotypic Drug-Resistance Testing
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
HIV Pharmacotherapy Review
- Treatment Goals: Achieve and sustain maximum HIV RNA suppression (undetectable levels), restore and maintain immune function (CD4 count >500 cells/mm³), minimize HIV-related complications, and prevent transmission.
Baseline Evaluation
- Essential Tests: HIV RNA level (viral load), CD4 cell count, HIV antigen/antibody, HLA-B*5701 screening, G6PD deficiency screening, genotypic drug resistance testing, hepatitis A, B, and C serologies, opportunistic infection screening, complete blood count, serum lipids, chemistry panel, urinalysis, STI screening, immunization history, pregnancy test, cancer screening.
Initial ART for Most People with HIV
- Recommended Regimens: Biktarvy, Triumeq, Dovato, Dovato + Viread, Tivicay + Truvada/Descovy/Cimduo, Symtuza, Prezcobix + Truvada/Descovy/Cimduo.
- Considerations: Genotypic resistance testing before ART is crucial for individuals with HIV history of using long-acting cabotegravir.
- Important note: Appropriate regimens for females of childbearing age, people without hepatitis B coinfection and those without a viral load > 500,000 copies/mL.
Monitoring
-
CD4 Count:
- <300 cells/mm³: Every 3 months
- 300-500 cells/mm³: Every 6 months (first 2 years of ART), then every 12 months (after first 2 years with suppressed viral load).
-
500 cells/mm³: Every 6 months (first 2 years of ART), then monitoring optional (after first 2 years with suppressed viral load).
-
Viral Load:
- ≥50 copies/mL: Every 4-8 weeks
- <50 copies/mL: Every 3-6 months, obtain upon initiation/modification of ART and repeat in 4-8 weeks
-
BMP: Obtain 3-6 months after starting ART.
Prophylaxis Against Opportunistic Infections (OI)
-
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP): SMX-TMP, Dapsone, Atovaquone.
-
Toxoplasmosis: SMX-TMP, Dapsone + pyrimethamine + leucovorin, or Atovaquone.
-
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC): Azithromycin, Clarithromycin.
-
Additional Note: Those with G6PD deficiency should not receive SMX-TMP or dapsone.
-
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS): Defined by a CD4 count < 200 cells/mm³ or the onset of opportunistic infections, regardless of CD4 count. Diagnosis is lifelong.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers essential aspects of HIV pharmacotherapy, including treatment goals, baseline evaluation tests, and initial antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens. Test your knowledge on recommended treatments, necessary screenings, and considerations for therapy effectiveness.
