HIV Biology and Structure

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What is the function of reverse transcriptase in the HIV virus?

It makes DNA from RNA (correct)

It forms the conical capsid

It cleaves proteins

It integrates DNA into the host cell DNA

Which type of HIV virus replicates in monocytes and macrophages?

CCR5-tropic viruses (correct)

Dendritic cell-tropic viruses

T-cell-tropic viruses

CXCR4-tropic viruses

What is the major lymphocyte receptor used by HIV to enter cells?

CXCR4

CD4 (correct)

p24

CCR5

What is the role of the V3 loop in the gp120 protein of HIV?

It mutates rapidly Signup and view all the answers

Which protein on the envelope of HIV is responsible for attachment to T-cells?

gp120 Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for integrating viral DNA into the host cell DNA?

Integrase Signup and view all the answers

What is the natural host of the HIV virus?

Humans Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is responsible for fusion and entry of HIV into T-cells?

gp41 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood transfusion reaction is characterized by a Type I hypersensitivity reaction against plasma proteins in transfused blood?

Allergic/anaphylactic reaction Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should be taken for IgA-deficient individuals when receiving blood products?

Receive blood products without IgA Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood transfusion reaction is characterized by intravascular hemolysis due to ABO blood group incompatibility?

Type II hypersensitivity reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions during the storage of blood transfusion products?

Accumulation of cytokines created by WBCs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following clinical presentations is most commonly seen in children with the described condition?

Fever, headaches, chills, flushing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the two-hit mechanism involved in the pathophysiology of the described condition?

Neutrophils are sequestered and primed in pulmonary vasculature due to recipient risk factors, then activated by a product in the transfused blood and release inflammatory mediators Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following blood components is involved in the anamnestic response in the described condition?

Donor RBC with A and/ or B group antigens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following immunoglobulins is involved in the host immune response against donor RBC with foreign antigens?

IgG Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood cells release preformed cytokines that contribute to the pathophysiology of the described condition?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic onset timeframe for the clinical presentation of the described condition due to slow destruction by reticuloendothelial system?

Within 1-2 weeks Signup and view all the answers