HIV Biology and Structure
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of reverse transcriptase in the HIV virus?

  • It makes DNA from RNA (correct)
  • It forms the conical capsid
  • It cleaves proteins
  • It integrates DNA into the host cell DNA
  • Which type of HIV virus replicates in monocytes and macrophages?

  • CCR5-tropic viruses (correct)
  • Dendritic cell-tropic viruses
  • T-cell-tropic viruses
  • CXCR4-tropic viruses
  • What is the major lymphocyte receptor used by HIV to enter cells?

  • CXCR4
  • CD4 (correct)
  • p24
  • CCR5
  • What is the role of the V3 loop in the gp120 protein of HIV?

    <p>It mutates rapidly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein on the envelope of HIV is responsible for attachment to T-cells?

    <p>gp120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for integrating viral DNA into the host cell DNA?

    <p>Integrase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the natural host of the HIV virus?

    <p>Humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is responsible for fusion and entry of HIV into T-cells?

    <p>gp41</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of blood transfusion reaction is characterized by a Type I hypersensitivity reaction against plasma proteins in transfused blood?

    <p>Allergic/anaphylactic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What precaution should be taken for IgA-deficient individuals when receiving blood products?

    <p>Receive blood products without IgA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of blood transfusion reaction is characterized by intravascular hemolysis due to ABO blood group incompatibility?

    <p>Type II hypersensitivity reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions during the storage of blood transfusion products?

    <p>Accumulation of cytokines created by WBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following clinical presentations is most commonly seen in children with the described condition?

    <p>Fever, headaches, chills, flushing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the two-hit mechanism involved in the pathophysiology of the described condition?

    <p>Neutrophils are sequestered and primed in pulmonary vasculature due to recipient risk factors, then activated by a product in the transfused blood and release inflammatory mediators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following blood components is involved in the anamnestic response in the described condition?

    <p>Donor RBC with A and/ or B group antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following immunoglobulins is involved in the host immune response against donor RBC with foreign antigens?

    <p>IgG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of blood cells release preformed cytokines that contribute to the pathophysiology of the described condition?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic onset timeframe for the clinical presentation of the described condition due to slow destruction by reticuloendothelial system?

    <p>Within 1-2 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

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