30 Questions
What is the primary biomarker used in pregnancy tests?
HCG
In what disorder is there a lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase?
PKU
What method uses bacteria to test for mutations in DNA?
Ames test
Which substance is commonly evaluated to confirm gout?
Uric acid
What hormone is also utilized as a tumor marker?
HCG
From the symptoms of stiffness in small joints, what disorder might a physician suspect initially?
Gout
What was the term used by vitalist scientists to categorize chemical compounds of living organisms?
Organic
Who disproved the Theory of Vitalism by synthesizing urea from inorganic compounds?
Friedrich Wöhler
What did Eduard Buchner discover in 1897 that challenged vitalistic thinking?
Yeast extract can form alcohol from a sugar solution.
Which scientist proposed that the combustion of a candle is similar to the respiration of animals?
Antoine Lavoisier
What is considered the starting point of biochemistry by many science historians?
Synthesis of urea from inorganic compounds
What was the conclusion drawn by Eduard Buchner from his experiment with yeast extract in 1897?
Special substances called enzymes are necessary for biochemical processes.
What is the role of biochemistry in understanding hormonal imbalances?
Explaining the formation and function of hormones in the body
How does uric acid accumulation impact the body?
Results in gout
What is the significance of vitamins and minerals supplementation according to the text?
Described in biochemistry to enhance health
In what areas does biochemistry play a valuable role in agriculture?
Farming, fishery, poultry, sericulture, beekeeping
How are growth and reproductive-related hormones used in fisheries and livestock?
To promote growth and reproduction
What can biochemical tests help monitor in agriculture and food production?
Quality of milk, water quality, food adulteration
What is the purpose of conducting biochemical tests on drugs?
To identify drugs with poor metabolism or excessive side effects
In the context of pharmaceuticals, what is the role of serotonin reuptake inhibitors like Paxil and Zoloft?
Allowing more free serotonin to circulate in the body
What does biochemistry contribute to in environmental science?
Studying how pollutants behave in the body
Why is genetic mapping used in biodiversity monitoring?
To determine the variety of life forms at different scales
How do serotonin reuptake inhibitors like Prozac work to improve depression?
By allowing more free serotonin to circulate in the body
What is the main function of conducting half-life tests on biochemical drugs?
To determine how long a drug remains stable under certain conditions
What is the role of the enzyme H+PPase in plants?
Enhancing sugar transport within the plant
How does biochemistry contribute to agriculture?
Creating high-yielding transgenic plants
What do plants described as autotrophs mean?
They synthesize their own food
Which of the following is NOT a secondary metabolite produced by plants?
Enzymes
How does biochemistry contribute to nutrition?
It gives insights into what humans eat
What is the significance of designer plants and animals synthesized through biochemistry?
They can be high-yielding and nutritionally desirable
Learn about the transition from vitalistic thinking to modern chemistry in the 18th century, as Antoine Lavoisier proposed revolutionary ideas linking chemical reactions in living organisms and nonliving substances. Explore the historical context and key figures that contributed to this scientific shift.
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