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Questions and Answers
What physiological changes occur during the period of increment in fever?
What physiological changes occur during the period of increment in fever?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with the fastigium period of fever?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with the fastigium period of fever?
What is a key adverse effect of fever?
What is a key adverse effect of fever?
Which type of fever is characterized by significant diurnal variation?
Which type of fever is characterized by significant diurnal variation?
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In which stage of fever does the body experience vasodilatation and muscle flaccidity?
In which stage of fever does the body experience vasodilatation and muscle flaccidity?
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What year was the first Veterinary College established in India?
What year was the first Veterinary College established in India?
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Which of the following specialties in veterinary medicine is NOT listed as part of the scope?
Which of the following specialties in veterinary medicine is NOT listed as part of the scope?
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What was the first Veterinary University established in India?
What was the first Veterinary University established in India?
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In which year did the first veterinary school start in India?
In which year did the first veterinary school start in India?
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Which of the following areas is included in the scope of veterinary medicine?
Which of the following areas is included in the scope of veterinary medicine?
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Which veterinary college was established in Bombay?
Which veterinary college was established in Bombay?
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What is one of the roles of veterinary medicine related to animal welfare?
What is one of the roles of veterinary medicine related to animal welfare?
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Which type of disease is characterized by a sudden onset of clinical signs within 24-48 hours after the entry of the causative organism?
Which type of disease is characterized by a sudden onset of clinical signs within 24-48 hours after the entry of the causative organism?
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Which of the following diseases is classified as a non-infectious disease?
Which of the following diseases is classified as a non-infectious disease?
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What defines a contagious disease?
What defines a contagious disease?
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Which classification of disease develops clinical signs over a period of more than two weeks?
Which classification of disease develops clinical signs over a period of more than two weeks?
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What is the purpose of differential diagnosis?
What is the purpose of differential diagnosis?
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Which disease is an example of an acute disease with signs developing over 3 to 7 days?
Which disease is an example of an acute disease with signs developing over 3 to 7 days?
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What is a carrier in the context of infectious diseases?
What is a carrier in the context of infectious diseases?
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Which type of disease might result from a combination of various etiological factors?
Which type of disease might result from a combination of various etiological factors?
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Which of the following represents a misunderstanding about infectious and contagious diseases?
Which of the following represents a misunderstanding about infectious and contagious diseases?
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What is a key feature of the syndrome or pattern recognition approach in diagnosis?
What is a key feature of the syndrome or pattern recognition approach in diagnosis?
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What limitation does the hypothetico-deductive reasoning method face?
What limitation does the hypothetico-deductive reasoning method face?
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Which scenario exemplifies the hypothetico-deductive reasoning process?
Which scenario exemplifies the hypothetico-deductive reasoning process?
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In the algorithm method, what is typically emphasized?
In the algorithm method, what is typically emphasized?
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What is an example of the key abnormality method in diagnosing a cow's health issue?
What is an example of the key abnormality method in diagnosing a cow's health issue?
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Which of the following is a common characteristic of local inflammatory lesions?
Which of the following is a common characteristic of local inflammatory lesions?
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What is the main goal of the hypothetico-deductive reasoning method?
What is the main goal of the hypothetico-deductive reasoning method?
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What role do follow-up questions play in the hypothetico-deductive method?
What role do follow-up questions play in the hypothetico-deductive method?
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How does the syndrome or pattern recognition method reduce the need for extended diagnostics?
How does the syndrome or pattern recognition method reduce the need for extended diagnostics?
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What is a common physiological response to hyperthermia in animals?
What is a common physiological response to hyperthermia in animals?
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Which of the following is NOT a cause of hyperthermia?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of hyperthermia?
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What body temperature range indicates a critical state leading to death from hyperthermia?
What body temperature range indicates a critical state leading to death from hyperthermia?
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Which clinical sign is typically seen during the progression of hyperthermia?
Which clinical sign is typically seen during the progression of hyperthermia?
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In severe cases of hyperthermia, which organ is least likely to show hemorrhages during necropsy?
In severe cases of hyperthermia, which organ is least likely to show hemorrhages during necropsy?
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What is the impact of prolonged hyperthermia on reproductive health in animals?
What is the impact of prolonged hyperthermia on reproductive health in animals?
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Which symptom indicates the progression towards severe hyperthermia?
Which symptom indicates the progression towards severe hyperthermia?
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Which factor can aggravate hyperthermia during physical exertion?
Which factor can aggravate hyperthermia during physical exertion?
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What characterizes neurogenic hyperthermia?
What characterizes neurogenic hyperthermia?
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Which clinical sign indicates immediate intervention is required during hyperthermia?
Which clinical sign indicates immediate intervention is required during hyperthermia?
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Study Notes
Veterinary Medicine Teaching Notes
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History and Scope of Veterinary Medicine:
- The word "veterinary" likely originated from the verb "veheri" meaning "to draw", referring to animals working with a yoke.
- Other origins link it to "vieh" (cattle) and "terrin" (to be sick).
- Vegetius is considered a key figure in veterinary medicine, known for four books on equine and bovine diseases, rejecting divine causes for illnesses.
- Shun Yang is often referred to as the founder of Chinese veterinary medicine.
- Kahun Papyrus (1900 BC, ancient Egypt) is an early written record of veterinary medicine.
- The Code of Hammurabi (1792–1750 BC) mentions veterinary practice and fees.
- Hippocrates (460-377 BC) described hydrothorax in cattle and dislocation of hip joints.
- Aristotle (384-322 BC) identified swine, dog, cattle, horse and elephant diseases.
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Scope of Veterinary Medicine:
- It involves various areas such as food/farm animal medicine (cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, pigs, poultry, etc.), pet/companion animal medicine (dogs, cats, birds, horses, etc.), laboratory animal medicine, wild animal/ zoo animal medicine, aquatic medicine, exotic animal medicine.
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Definitions:
- Veterinary Medicine: The study of animal disease, includes diagnosis, treatment, prevention and general study.
- Veterinary Therapeutics: The area of veterinary medicine that deals with treating diseases in domesticated animals.
- Farm Animal Medicine: The branch of veterinary medicine focusing on the diseases of farm animals.
- Pet/Companion Animal Medicine: Deals with health conditions of pets.
- Food Animal Medicine: Deals with the health of animals raised for food.
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine: Focuses on diagnosing and treating animal diseases.
- Preventive Veterinary Medicine: Aims to avoid animal diseases.
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Major Classifications of Diseases:
- Specific Diseases: Caused by specific agents (e.g., foot-and-mouth disease, tetanus).
- Non-specific Diseases: Result from multiple causes (e.g., vomiting from gastritis or parasites).
- Infectious Diseases: Caused by living organisms like bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi.
- Non-infectious Diseases: Not caused by living organisms (e.g., vitamin deficiencies, inborn errors of metabolism).
- Contagious Diseases: Spread by contact with an infected animal (e.g., foot-and-mouth disease)
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Major Classifications:
- Per-acute: Symptoms appear within 24-48 hours.
- Acute: Symptoms develop within 3-7 days.
- Sub-acute: Symptoms appear in 8-14 days (1-2 weeks).
- Chronic: Symptoms persist for more than two weeks.
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Definitions:
- Carrier: An animal harboring a pathogen without symptoms.
- Snap shot Diagnosis: Preliminary diagnosis based on immediate observation.
- Differential Diagnosis: Differentiating one disease from another based on similar symptoms.
- Tentative diagnosis: Based on physical examination alone
- Sign: Observable symptom, often objective.
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Making a Diagnosis:
- Syndrome or Pattern Recognition: Instantly recognizing a disease based on past experience.
- Hypothetico-deductive Reasoning: Generating possible diagnoses and testing them through questions and examinations.
- Algorithm Method: Following a step-by-step logical approach to diagnosis.
- Key Abnormality Method: Focusing on significant symptoms for diagnosis.
- Database Method: Accumulating clinical data for analysis and comparison with previous cases.
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Other topics related to treatment and diagnosis:
- Hyperthermia/Fever: Elevation of body temperature.
- Hypothermia: Lowered body temperature.
- Toxemia/ Septicaemia/ Viraemia: Systemic conditions.
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Questions: (These are from the provided document)
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- Father of veterinary medicine.
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- First veterinary school with the year of establishment (world, India, Kerala).
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- First veterinary University in India.
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- Brief descriptions of Hippiatrika, Shalihotra, and Haippiathri.
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- Brief note on the history of veterinary medicine.
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- List important sectors/areas reflecting the scope of veterinary medicine.
- Further questions about specific conditions (e.g., hypothermia, hyperthermia, fever, etc.).
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Description
Explore the origins and development of veterinary medicine with key figures such as Vegetius and Shun Yang. This quiz covers ancient texts and practices that laid the foundation for modern veterinary practices. Test your knowledge on the scope and historical significance of this vital field.
