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Questions and Answers
The Spanish “Laws of the Indies” produced three types of towns: the pueblo, the presidio, and the ______.
The Spanish “Laws of the Indies” produced three types of towns: the pueblo, the presidio, and the ______.
mission
Savannah, Charleston, Annapolis, and Williamsburg are examples of the ______ Planned City.
Savannah, Charleston, Annapolis, and Williamsburg are examples of the ______ Planned City.
European
Developments were driven by speculation in the ______ Town.
Developments were driven by speculation in the ______ Town.
Speculators
The “reform movement” was associated with Robert ______.
The “reform movement” was associated with Robert ______.
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New ______, Indiana, USA was an Owenite Ideal Community.
New ______, Indiana, USA was an Owenite Ideal Community.
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The traditional Roman house with a central atrium was called a ______.
The traditional Roman house with a central atrium was called a ______.
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The ______ were 3 to 6-storey apartments with storefronts in Roman cities.
The ______ were 3 to 6-storey apartments with storefronts in Roman cities.
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The local meeting hall in Roman cities was known as the ______, which later became the capitol.
The local meeting hall in Roman cities was known as the ______, which later became the capitol.
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Covered markets which later became law courts were called ______ in Roman cities.
Covered markets which later became law courts were called ______ in Roman cities.
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The decline of Roman power led to the rise of ______ in many European outposts.
The decline of Roman power led to the rise of ______ in many European outposts.
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Many 11th century European coastal port towns grew from military ______.
Many 11th century European coastal port towns grew from military ______.
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During the 15th century, arts and architecture became a major element of town planning and urban ______.
During the 15th century, arts and architecture became a major element of town planning and urban ______.
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The Medieval ______ was taken from the French "bastide" and often came in the form of grids or radial plans.
The Medieval ______ was taken from the French "bastide" and often came in the form of grids or radial plans.
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The cities of Mohenjo – Daro and Harrappa were administrative-religious centers with approximately ______ inhabitants.
The cities of Mohenjo – Daro and Harrappa were administrative-religious centers with approximately ______ inhabitants.
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The Yellow River Valley city known as Anyang was the largest city of ______.
The Yellow River Valley city known as Anyang was the largest city of ______.
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Beijing's present form originated during the ______ Dynasty.
Beijing's present form originated during the ______ Dynasty.
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Hippodamus of Miletus is known as the first noted urban planner who introduced the ______ system.
Hippodamus of Miletus is known as the first noted urban planner who introduced the ______ system.
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In 400 B.C., Miletus was divided into three sections: artisans, farmers, and the ______.
In 400 B.C., Miletus was divided into three sections: artisans, farmers, and the ______.
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The ancient city of ______ was known for its various notable buildings such as the Temple of Eumenes II and the Baths of Vergilius Capito.
The ancient city of ______ was known for its various notable buildings such as the Temple of Eumenes II and the Baths of Vergilius Capito.
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In Roman classical cities, engineers were known for constructing ______, which were essential for water supply.
In Roman classical cities, engineers were known for constructing ______, which were essential for water supply.
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The ______ of Miletus included various structures like the Theater and the South Agora.
The ______ of Miletus included various structures like the Theater and the South Agora.
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The ______ in Miletus served as a gathering place for public meetings and activities.
The ______ in Miletus served as a gathering place for public meetings and activities.
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Roman cities adopted Greek forms but differed in their monumental scale and had a distinct ______ hierarchy.
Roman cities adopted Greek forms but differed in their monumental scale and had a distinct ______ hierarchy.
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Çatalhöyük is located in ______.
Çatalhöyük is located in ______.
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Jericho is one of the earliest continuous settlements, dating from around ______ BCE.
Jericho is one of the earliest continuous settlements, dating from around ______ BCE.
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The cities of the Fertile Crescent were primarily formed by the ______ river valleys.
The cities of the Fertile Crescent were primarily formed by the ______ river valleys.
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Eridu is acknowledged as the ______ city.
Eridu is acknowledged as the ______ city.
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Cities like Thebes and Memphis are located in the ______ Valley.
Cities like Thebes and Memphis are located in the ______ Valley.
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Tel-el-Amarna was a typical example of an ______ city.
Tel-el-Amarna was a typical example of an ______ city.
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Babylon was known as the ______ city with 80,000 inhabitants.
Babylon was known as the ______ city with 80,000 inhabitants.
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Ancient cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were part of the ______ Valley civilization.
Ancient cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were part of the ______ Valley civilization.
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Jericho is known as an early settlement built around a reliable source of ______.
Jericho is known as an early settlement built around a reliable source of ______.
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The only farming community in the world during the time of Jericho was located in ______.
The only farming community in the world during the time of Jericho was located in ______.
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Khirokitia is known for being the first documented settlement with ______.
Khirokitia is known for being the first documented settlement with ______.
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The construction system used for the fortified city of Jericho included a double ______ wall.
The construction system used for the fortified city of Jericho included a double ______ wall.
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Mudbricks were often sun dried in warm regions due to scarcity of ______.
Mudbricks were often sun dried in warm regions due to scarcity of ______.
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The Neolithic cities emerged between 7000 to 9000 ______.
The Neolithic cities emerged between 7000 to 9000 ______.
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Khirokitia featured a main street that was narrow but had a wider ______ spot.
Khirokitia featured a main street that was narrow but had a wider ______ spot.
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The buildings in Khirokitia are marked as ______ buildings, showcasing unique architectural styles.
The buildings in Khirokitia are marked as ______ buildings, showcasing unique architectural styles.
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Flashcards
Indus Valley Civilization
Indus Valley Civilization
Ancient civilization in present-day Pakistan with advanced urban features, including sewage systems.
Yellow River Valley
Yellow River Valley
Region in China home to Anyang, significant for early urban development around 1900 B.C.
Miletus Urban Planning
Miletus Urban Planning
Greek city known for the grid system and Agora, planned by Hippodamus in 400 B.C.
Greek City-States
Greek City-States
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Mesoamerican Cities
Mesoamerican Cities
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Laws of the Indies
Laws of the Indies
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English Renaissance City
English Renaissance City
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Speculators Town
Speculators Town
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Machine Age
Machine Age
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Reform Movement
Reform Movement
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Natural Factors for Urban Growth
Natural Factors for Urban Growth
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Mudbrick
Mudbrick
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Neolithic Cities
Neolithic Cities
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Jericho
Jericho
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Khirokitia
Khirokitia
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Circular and Radiocentric Planning
Circular and Radiocentric Planning
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Double Redoubtable Wall
Double Redoubtable Wall
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Tholos Buildings
Tholos Buildings
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Miletus
Miletus
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Temple of Athena
Temple of Athena
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Roman Cities
Roman Cities
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Public Baths
Public Baths
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Sacred Way
Sacred Way
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Catalhoyuk
Catalhoyuk
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Fertile Crescent
Fertile Crescent
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Eridu
Eridu
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Thebes
Thebes
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Memphis
Memphis
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Tel-el-Amarna
Tel-el-Amarna
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Babylon
Babylon
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Basilica
Basilica
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Curia
Curia
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Domus
Domus
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Insulae
Insulae
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Feudalism
Feudalism
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Mercantilist cities
Mercantilist cities
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15th Century Urban Design
15th Century Urban Design
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Medieval Bastide
Medieval Bastide
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Study Notes
History of Settlements
- Settlements throughout time have been shaped by various factors
- Natural factors like natural disasters, fertile soil, water sources, and terrain are important
- Innovations in farming, like the plough and rectilinear farming patterns, early city planning methods also affect city development
Ancient Times
- Mudbricks, a building material, were developed and used in early cities
- Cities were built around reliable water sources
- Jericho (Israel, 9000 BCE) was a well-organized community that thrived
- Khirokitia (Cyprus, 5500 BCE) was an early settlement with a main street
Neolithic Cities
- Jericho (9000 BCE) was a well-organized city of about 3000 people
- Jericho was built around freshwater and surrounded by a circular stone wall
- Khirokitia (5500 BCE) - an early settlement in Cyprus, first documented settlement with streets
First Towns
- Catalhoyuk (Turkey, 7000-5700 BCE) was a large and complex Neolithic city
- Catalhoyuk had approximately 10,000 people and encompassed 13 hectares
- Catalhoyuk was organized with no distinct streets, but contained shrines and quarters for different crafts
Fertile Crescent
- Cities in the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys (Mesopotamia) developed between 2000 and 4000 BCE
- Eridu is acknowledged as the oldest city.
- Damascus is the oldest continually inhabited city
- Babylon was a large city that housed 80,000 people
3000 BCE
- Cities of Thebes and Memphis (along the Nile Valley) were characterized by monumental architecture.
- Cities in the Nile Valley were built with features like monumental avenues, colossal temple plazas, and rock-cut tombs
Tel-el-Amarna (Egypt)
- Tel-el-Amarna was a typical Egyptian city that had these parts: Central Area, North Suburb, South City, Custom's House, and Worker's Village
Early 2000 BCE
- Indus Valley (Present-day Pakistan) comprised cities like Mohenjo-Daro and Harrapra, containing administrative and religious centers housing up to 40,000 people
- Evidence from these areas showcased advanced civilization and early housing and sewage systems
1900 BCE, 800 BCE, 15th Century (China, Pakistan, Mesoamerica)
- The Yellow River Valley of China was a crucial area in settlement
- Anyang in the Yellow River Valley was one of the largest cities around this time.
- Beijing, founded around the same time, was further developed during the Ming Dynasty.
- Mesoamerica (BCE - AD) had an elaborate network of cities built by the Zapotecs, Mextecs, and Aztecs
- Teotijuacan and Dzibilchaltun were notable among the cities
700 BCE (Greek Classical Cities)
- Greek cities expanded westward to France and Spain in the Aegean region.
- Polis, meaning "city-state," became important.
- Acropolis, a religious and defensive structure on hills, showcased important civic planning.
700 BCE, 400 BCE (Greece)
- Sparta and Athens were large cities ("Neopolis and Paleopolis" - old and new cities)
- Hippodamus of Miletus, a key urban planner, introduced grid systems in cities like Miletus.
- Miletus showcased urban planning with sections such as artisan, farmer, and military zones
Roman Classical Cities
- Roman cities adopted Greek forms but were characterized by a monumental scale
- Romans were skilled builders; they created aqueducts, public baths, and utilities.
- Romans expanded their urban design with features like basilicas, curias, domus, and insulae (apartments).
Medieval Age
- The decline of Roman power impacted European settlements, concentrating growth around outposts
- Feudalism dramatically affected town designs with winding roads and fortifications
- Notable cities such as Siena and Constantinople are associated with the Church's rise
11th Century Coastal Towns
- European port towns grew from military outposts during the 11th century, but were limited by factors like military fortifications.
- Trading activities increased cities' size and led to population growth.
- Major port cities like Florence, Paris and Venice experienced crowding, which created issues
15th Century Settlements
- Planning and design became major features of town design in the 15th Century
- Cities were formed with geometric and architectural styles
- Vienna developed into a university town of culture and the arts
15th Century Settlements cont.
- Famous cities of the era include Vienna, with its focus on culture and arts, and Karlsruhe and Versailles, known for showcasing architectural landscape in gardens and palaces.
Organic and Speculator Towns
- Medieval organic cities developed around military outposts
- European planned cities emerged during the English Renaissance
- Examples include Savannah, Charleston, Annapolis, and Williamsburg, which were thoughtfully designed by pioneers
Industrial Revolution
- The Industrial Revolution led to changes in urban settlement patterns
- Innovations like using assembly lines transformed production and manpower
- Urban planners developed distinct concepts including the "reform movement" led by Robert Owen, and an ideal city that he proposed
Une Cite Industrielle
- In the 20th Century, Tony Garnier proposed a city based on industrial production and specific areas for various functions.
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Description
Explore key concepts in urban planning and architecture through this engaging quiz. Test your knowledge on historical towns, architectural styles, and influential figures in urban development. Perfect for students of history and architecture enthusiasts alike!
