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Questions and Answers
According to Immanuel Kant, what is the end of all hostilities?
According to Immanuel Kant, what is the end of all hostilities?
What does Proudhon reject in his federalism theory?
What does Proudhon reject in his federalism theory?
What was the main focus of Mazzini's thoughts?
What was the main focus of Mazzini's thoughts?
According to Cattaneo, what type of solution is applicable for both Italian unification and peace in Europe?
According to Cattaneo, what type of solution is applicable for both Italian unification and peace in Europe?
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Who were the main figures constituting the Ventotene Manifesto?
Who were the main figures constituting the Ventotene Manifesto?
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Which European Union institution is responsible for promoting the general interest?
Which European Union institution is responsible for promoting the general interest?
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What is the main concern regarding the European Union's survival?
What is the main concern regarding the European Union's survival?
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What is the primary function of the European Council within the EU decision-making process?
What is the primary function of the European Council within the EU decision-making process?
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Which actors aim to leverage market spill-overs within the EU?
Which actors aim to leverage market spill-overs within the EU?
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What is a significant factor contributing to the EU's legitimation crisis?
What is a significant factor contributing to the EU's legitimation crisis?
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Which institution represents governments within the EU decision-making process?
Which institution represents governments within the EU decision-making process?
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Who proposed the Schuman Declaration leading to the European Coal and Steel Community?
Who proposed the Schuman Declaration leading to the European Coal and Steel Community?
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Which treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957?
Which treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957?
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What was the focus of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)?
What was the focus of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)?
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Who served as the first president of the High Authority of the ECSC?
Who served as the first president of the High Authority of the ECSC?
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What did France propose in 1961-62, advocating for an intergovernmental 'Union of European Peoples' without supranational institutions?
What did France propose in 1961-62, advocating for an intergovernmental 'Union of European Peoples' without supranational institutions?
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Which treaty established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)?
Which treaty established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)?
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Which treaty established the European Union and introduced the three pillars of common foreign and security policy, cooperation in the field of justice and home affairs, and the establishment of European Union institutions?
Which treaty established the European Union and introduced the three pillars of common foreign and security policy, cooperation in the field of justice and home affairs, and the establishment of European Union institutions?
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Which treaty aimed to make EU institutions more efficient and legitimate?
Which treaty aimed to make EU institutions more efficient and legitimate?
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What are the main objectives of the European Union?
What are the main objectives of the European Union?
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Which treaty abolished the European Community and placed EU on equal footing with the European Union, expanded EU competences, and introduced the Charter of Fundamental Rights?
Which treaty abolished the European Community and placed EU on equal footing with the European Union, expanded EU competences, and introduced the Charter of Fundamental Rights?
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What principles guide EU actions on the international scene?
What principles guide EU actions on the international scene?
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According to Article 49 TEU, which of the following is NOT considered as a European value for a state to apply for EU membership?
According to Article 49 TEU, which of the following is NOT considered as a European value for a state to apply for EU membership?
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Which enforcement mechanism against Member States for enforcing EU values is often referred to as the 'nuclear option'?
Which enforcement mechanism against Member States for enforcing EU values is often referred to as the 'nuclear option'?
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Which theory of European integration emphasizes overcoming nationalism and providing peace through international organizations governed by experts?
Which theory of European integration emphasizes overcoming nationalism and providing peace through international organizations governed by experts?
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Which perspective on European integration focuses on international relations theories such as realism, liberalism, and constructivism?
Which perspective on European integration focuses on international relations theories such as realism, liberalism, and constructivism?
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According to Article 3 TEU, which of the following is NOT emphasized as a principle regarding EU values?
According to Article 3 TEU, which of the following is NOT emphasized as a principle regarding EU values?
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Which theory of European integration emphasizes shared power between states and regional organizations, acceptance of politics, and the role of non-state actors in furthering integration?
Which theory of European integration emphasizes shared power between states and regional organizations, acceptance of politics, and the role of non-state actors in furthering integration?
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Which philosopher's federalism theory rejects the presence of a state as an institution aimed at the exploitation of others' labor?
Which philosopher's federalism theory rejects the presence of a state as an institution aimed at the exploitation of others' labor?
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According to Immanuel Kant, what is essential for achieving perpetual peace?
According to Immanuel Kant, what is essential for achieving perpetual peace?
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Who were the main figures constituting the Ventotene Manifesto?
Who were the main figures constituting the Ventotene Manifesto?
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What was the primary focus of Mazzini's thoughts on European unity?
What was the primary focus of Mazzini's thoughts on European unity?
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Which philosopher emphasized subordination of states to a supranational government for achieving real freedom in international relations?
Which philosopher emphasized subordination of states to a supranational government for achieving real freedom in international relations?
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According to the text, who proposed the concept that peace cannot be obtained on the balance of powers and must be built by the creation of a legal order?
According to the text, who proposed the concept that peace cannot be obtained on the balance of powers and must be built by the creation of a legal order?
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Which philosopher's federalism theory denounces the illiberal and authoritarian limits of the unitary nation-state?
Which philosopher's federalism theory denounces the illiberal and authoritarian limits of the unitary nation-state?
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Who denounced the presence of a state and considered it an institution aimed simply at the exploitation of others' labor?
Who denounced the presence of a state and considered it an institution aimed simply at the exploitation of others' labor?
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Which treaty introduced the Internal Market, cooperation procedure, and assent procedure, along with a stronger role of the European Parliament?
Which treaty introduced the Internal Market, cooperation procedure, and assent procedure, along with a stronger role of the European Parliament?
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What was the outcome of the 'empty chair crisis' of 1965?
What was the outcome of the 'empty chair crisis' of 1965?
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Which treaty aimed to make EU institutions more efficient and legitimate?
Which treaty aimed to make EU institutions more efficient and legitimate?
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What are the main principles guiding EU actions on the international scene?
What are the main principles guiding EU actions on the international scene?
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What was the main focus of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)?
What was the main focus of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)?
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Which theory of European integration emphasizes overcoming nationalism and providing peace through international organizations governed by experts?
Which theory of European integration emphasizes overcoming nationalism and providing peace through international organizations governed by experts?
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Who proposed the Schuman Declaration leading to the European Coal and Steel Community?
Who proposed the Schuman Declaration leading to the European Coal and Steel Community?
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According to Article 3 TEU, which of the following is NOT emphasized as a principle regarding EU values?
According to Article 3 TEU, which of the following is NOT emphasized as a principle regarding EU values?
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What was the primary focus of the Paris Treaty of 1951?
What was the primary focus of the Paris Treaty of 1951?
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Who proposed the Fouchet Plans in 1961-62?
Who proposed the Fouchet Plans in 1961-62?
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Which treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957?
Which treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957?
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Who served as the first president of the High Authority of the ECSC?
Who served as the first president of the High Authority of the ECSC?
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What did France propose in 1961-62?
What did France propose in 1961-62?
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Which treaty established the European Union and introduced the three pillars of common foreign and security policy, cooperation in the field of justice and home affairs, and the establishment of European Union institutions?
Which treaty established the European Union and introduced the three pillars of common foreign and security policy, cooperation in the field of justice and home affairs, and the establishment of European Union institutions?
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According to Article 3 TEU, which of the following is NOT emphasized as a principle regarding EU values?
According to Article 3 TEU, which of the following is NOT emphasized as a principle regarding EU values?
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What was the main focus of Mazzini's thoughts?
What was the main focus of Mazzini's thoughts?
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Which theory of European integration emphasizes the role of non-state actors in furthering integration?
Which theory of European integration emphasizes the role of non-state actors in furthering integration?
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What does Article 7 TEU provide as an enforcement mechanism against Member States for enforcing EU values?
What does Article 7 TEU provide as an enforcement mechanism against Member States for enforcing EU values?
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What is the emphasis of Article 3 TEU regarding EU values?
What is the emphasis of Article 3 TEU regarding EU values?
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Which institution represents governments within the EU decision-making process?
Which institution represents governments within the EU decision-making process?
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According to Immanuel Kant, what is the end of all hostilities?
According to Immanuel Kant, what is the end of all hostilities?
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What treaty established the European Community and placed EU on equal footing with the European Union, expanded EU competences, and introduced the Charter of Fundamental Rights?
What treaty established the European Community and placed EU on equal footing with the European Union, expanded EU competences, and introduced the Charter of Fundamental Rights?
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What is a significant factor contributing to the EU's legitimation crisis?
What is a significant factor contributing to the EU's legitimation crisis?
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Who proposed the Schuman Declaration leading to the European Coal and Steel Community?
Who proposed the Schuman Declaration leading to the European Coal and Steel Community?
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Which concept involves shared competences among different levels and interconnected political arenas in the European Union?
Which concept involves shared competences among different levels and interconnected political arenas in the European Union?
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Which institution plays a crucial role in the European Union and includes legal, political, economic, and cultural aspects?
Which institution plays a crucial role in the European Union and includes legal, political, economic, and cultural aspects?
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What is a significant concern related to the European Union's survival that has been influenced by various crises such as economic, political, and migration?
What is a significant concern related to the European Union's survival that has been influenced by various crises such as economic, political, and migration?
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Which principle guides EU actions on the international scene and involves compromise, voluntary commitment, loyalty, cooperations, and dual logic of representation and democratic control?
Which principle guides EU actions on the international scene and involves compromise, voluntary commitment, loyalty, cooperations, and dual logic of representation and democratic control?
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Which EU institution represents governments within the EU decision-making process?
Which EU institution represents governments within the EU decision-making process?
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What is the primary function of the European Council within the EU decision-making process?
What is the primary function of the European Council within the EU decision-making process?
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Which treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957?
Which treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957?
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Which actors aim to leverage market spill-overs within the European Union?
Which actors aim to leverage market spill-overs within the European Union?
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Study Notes
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Article 49 TEU: Any European state respecting EU values can apply for EU membership. Values include social justice, protection from social exclusion, intergenerational solidarity, child rights, respect for cultural diversity, sustainable development, conferral, subsidiarity, proportionality, sincere cooperation, equality, transparency, and open market economy.
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Article 7 TEU: Enforcement mechanism against Member States for enforcing EU values. The "nuclear option" allows suspension of certain rights, subject to approval by the European Council.
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Article 3 TEU: Emphasizes social justice and protection against social exclusion, intergenerational solidarity, children's rights, respect for cultural and linguistic diversity, and sustainable development, in addition to the aforementioned principles.
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European integration: Theories attempt to explain factors leading to EU integration and the decision-making process. Theories include federalism, functionalism, confederalism, intergovernmentalism, and neofunctionalism.
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Functionalism: Overcomes nationalism and provides peace through international organizations governed by experts. Form follows function, and the EU's structure may indicate a move towards a federal state.
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Federalism: Shared sovereignty and powers between member states and common institutions, with a focus on peaceful co-existence and collaboration.
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Transactionalism: Communication and trans-border actions across societies and nations drive social engagement and the formation of security communities.
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Neofunctionalism and supranationalism: Emphasize shared power between states and regional organizations, acceptance of politics, and the role of non-state actors in furthering integration.
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Post WWII: Nation states cooperated to form a political system above them, focusing on politics, economy, or law.
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Perspectives on European integration: International relations (realism, liberalism, constructivism), constitutional state-building (multi-level governance and policy making), and theories of European integration (federalism, functionalism, confederalism, intergovernmentalism, neofunctionalism, and supranationalism).
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MS (Member States) remain significant actors, but regional bureaucrats aim to leverage market spill-overs
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Supranationalism's transnational feedback loop: market actors push for market-governing rules, new opportunities emerge
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Multilevel governance: shared competences among different levels, interconnected political arenas
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Supranational institutions, such as the European Commission and Court of Justice of the European Union, play a crucial role
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Contestation on competence allocation and political parties impact the EU
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The European Union faces a legitimation crisis due to various crises, such as economic, political, and migration
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Disintegration of the EU is a concern, with theories questioning its survival and lack of unity
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EU institutional triangle: legal, political, economic, and cultural aspects
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Key EU institutions include the European Parliament, European Commission, Council, European Council, European Central Bank, and Court of Auditors
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EU decision-making principles: compromise, voluntary commitment, loyalty, cooperations, dual logic of representation and democratic control
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EU decision-making process involves the European Parliament (representing citizens), the European Commission (promoting general interest), the Council (representing governments), and the European Council (providing direction)
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The EU has faced numerous crises, including economic, political, and migration, which have undermined its legitimacy and performance.
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Description
Explore the main objectives, rejected policies, and key developments of the European Economic Community (EEC). Learn about the 'empty chair' crisis in 1965 and its impact on the community.
