History of Science Lecture Notes Quiz

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Plato: The Allegory of the Cave – understanding history of knowledge. Eyes not giving us true information. Plato says to learn outside world and truth of nation is mathematical and requires rational thinking b. Aristotle: predominant in middle ages, within individual things and the nature where science exists —> attributes within individuals i. 4 causes 1. Formal (form): shape 2. Material (matter): what its made of 3.

Efficient (cause): what brings about the change 4. Final (cause): the purpose or end goal

Natural Philosophy: philosophical study of nature; a. acknowledge ways distant past is different and connected to present

Philosopher

Scientist: coined by William Whewell in 1833 comes from latin “scientia”(wisdom, knowledge)

Science

History of Science 100 Lecture Notes: Big Themes: 1. Naturalization 2. Eurocentrism 3. Science as a Visual Pursuit 4. Patronage 5. Periodization 6. Contingency 7. Laboratory 8. Race 9. Scientific Persistence 10. Metaphors 11. Science and Race 12. Ways of Knowing Lecture 1: Introduction - - The Big Questions: 1. A set of methods and strategies for acquiring and organizing knowledge of the natural world (science as “natural Philosophy”) 2. A set of methods and strategies for manipulating and controlling the natural world (science as instrumental) Faces, Houses, Prices of Science Lecture 2: Medieval Science 1. Historiography: the history of history– awareness of multiple ways of describing what happened in the past a. Describe and divide up past; how we interpret how things were

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What are the big themes discussed in the History of Science 100 Lecture Notes?

<ol> <li>Naturalization 2. Eurocentrism 3. Science as a Visual Pursuit 4. Patronage 5. Periodization 6. Contingency 7. Laboratory 8. Race 9. Scientific Persistence 10. Metaphors 11. Science and Race 12. Ways of Knowing</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Who coined the term 'scientist' and what is its origin?

William Whewell coined the term 'scientist' in 1833, and it comes from the Latin 'scientia' meaning wisdom or knowledge. Signup and view all the answers

What is historiography and how does it relate to the study of history?

Historiography is the history of history, which involves an awareness of multiple ways of describing what happened in the past. It is about describing and dividing up the past and interpreting how things were. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Allegory of the Cave and who is associated with it?

The Allegory of the Cave is associated with Plato. It is about understanding the history of knowledge and how our eyes do not give us true information. Plato emphasizes the need to learn about the outside world and the truth of nature through mathematical and rational thinking. Signup and view all the answers

What are the predominant attributes within individual things and nature, as discussed in the text?

The predominant attributes within individual things and nature are the four causes: formal (form), material (matter), efficient (agent), and final (purpose). Signup and view all the answers

What is Natural Philosophy?

The philosophical study of nature, exploring the natural world through reason and observation. It acknowledges the connection between the past and present.

What is the Allegory of the Cave?

Plato's metaphor describing how our perceptions can be limited and how true knowledge requires seeking the truth beyond appearances.

Aristotle's 4 Causes

Aristotle's explanation of how things come to be: Material (what it's made of), Formal (shape/form), Efficient (the cause of change), Final (the purpose).

What is the origin of the term 'scientist'?

Coined by William Whewell in 1833, derived from the Latin 'scientia' meaning 'knowledge' or 'wisdom.'

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What is Historiography?

The study of how history is written and interpreted, exploring different perspectives on events and how history is constructed.

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What are the big themes in the History of Science 100 Lecture Notes?

12 key themes including Naturalization, Eurocentrism, Visual Science, Patronage, Periodization, Contingency, Lab Practices, Race, Scientific Persistence, Metaphors, Science & Race, and Ways of Knowing.

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