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History of Psychology: Introspection Method

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History of Psychology: Introspection Method

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Questions and Answers

Why did John B. Watson heavily criticize the method of introspection used by Wundt and Titchener?

Because he considered introspection as an outdated psychological approach.

Because he believed introspection was too simple to understand complex mental processes.

As he thought introspection would lead to biased results.

Due to the inability to verify the accuracy of the reports provided by subjects. (correct)

What was the main alternative approach recommended by John B. Watson instead of introspection?

The analysis of subjective experiences.

The study of observable behavior. (correct)

The investigation of internal cognitive structures.

The study of unconscious mind processes.

Why did Watson argue that studying the internal mind through introspection was flawed?

As he considered the variability in reports to reflect differences in mind content rather than reporting methods.

Because he believed that introspection was too time-consuming for research purposes.

Due to the inability to verify the accuracy of subjective reports about mental processes. (correct)

Because he thought introspection led to biased observations of external behaviors.

What was a major concern raised by Watson regarding the variability in reports obtained through introspection?

Whether the differences in reports reflected variations in mind content or in reporting methods. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What methodological concern did Watson specifically raise about the reliance on introspection for studying the mind?

The lack of objectivity in interpreting subjective reports. (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what was the primary focus of behaviorist research in the early to mid-20th century?

How human behavior is shaped by experience and the environment (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning described in the passage?

Pavlov's experiment where dogs learned to salivate in response to a bell (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning, according to the passage?

Classical conditioning involves the association of stimuli, while operant conditioning involves the reinforcement of behavior (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what did Skinner believe about the acquisition of language?

Language acquisition could be explained through reinforcement and conditioning processes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What question is raised in the passage regarding the limitations of the behaviorist approach?

Whether the behaviorist approach can explain the development of language skills (A) Signup and view all the answers