Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the primary role of the Constabuli in each village?
What was the primary role of the Constabuli in each village?
- To enforce taxation
- To aid the Rieve in his duties (correct)
- To collect criminal evidence
- To serve as legal advisors
Which feature distinguished the role of the Circuit Judge?
Which feature distinguished the role of the Circuit Judge?
- To oversee property disputes in towns
- To appoint local constables
- To travel and hear criminal cases previously judged by the Shire-Rieve (correct)
- To hear cases only involving civil disputes
What is one effect of the Legis Henrici?
What is one effect of the Legis Henrici?
- It allowed judges to set their own laws
- It abolished the concept of citizen's arrest
- It normalized the power of police as public servants (correct)
- It removed the power of the Grand Jury
What was the main purpose of the Frankpledge System?
What was the main purpose of the Frankpledge System?
What significant regulation did the Statute of Westminster of 1285 impose?
What significant regulation did the Statute of Westminster of 1285 impose?
What was the main feature of the Statute of 1295?
What was the main feature of the Statute of 1295?
What powers did the Justices of the Peace hold around 1361?
What powers did the Justices of the Peace hold around 1361?
What was a characteristic of the Star Chamber Court established in 1487?
What was a characteristic of the Star Chamber Court established in 1487?
What was the role of the Tithingman in the Anglo-Saxon policing system?
What was the role of the Tithingman in the Anglo-Saxon policing system?
In the Hue and Cry system, what was the primary action taken by a complainant?
In the Hue and Cry system, what was the primary action taken by a complainant?
What did the Trial by Ordeal system determine?
What did the Trial by Ordeal system determine?
What was the significance of the Shire-Rieve during the Norman Period?
What was the significance of the Shire-Rieve during the Norman Period?
Which statement about the Praetorian Guard is true?
Which statement about the Praetorian Guard is true?
What does the term 'tun' refer to in the Anglo-Saxon policing system?
What does the term 'tun' refer to in the Anglo-Saxon policing system?
Which power was NOT possessed by the Tithingman and the Reeve?
Which power was NOT possessed by the Tithingman and the Reeve?
What was the outcome of a '3 degree' in the context of Trial by Ordeal?
What was the outcome of a '3 degree' in the context of Trial by Ordeal?
What was the primary role of the knights appointed by King Richard in 1195?
What was the primary role of the knights appointed by King Richard in 1195?
What key change did King Charles II implement regarding public safety?
What key change did King Charles II implement regarding public safety?
Which feature was included in the Magna Carta signed by King John?
Which feature was included in the Magna Carta signed by King John?
Who introduced the Bow Street Runners, the first detective force?
Who introduced the Bow Street Runners, the first detective force?
What was notable about the Marine Police Force established in 1798?
What was notable about the Marine Police Force established in 1798?
What significant act did Sir Robert Peel enact in 1829?
What significant act did Sir Robert Peel enact in 1829?
What does the motto 'Total Policing' refer to?
What does the motto 'Total Policing' refer to?
What was a key event that occurred in 1833 related to policing?
What was a key event that occurred in 1833 related to policing?
Flashcards
Constable
Constable
An appointed official in a village, assisting the Rieve, that eventually became the word Constable.
Sheriff
Sheriff
A title derived from "Shire-Rieve", a judge of a shire, responsible for law enforcement and court.
Travelling Judge
Travelling Judge
A judge who traveled to hear cases, separating judicial and police powers.
Legis Henrici
Legis Henrici
Signup and view all the flashcards
Frankpledge System
Frankpledge System
Signup and view all the flashcards
Westminster Period
Westminster Period
Signup and view all the flashcards
Statute of 1295
Statute of 1295
Signup and view all the flashcards
Justice of the Peace
Justice of the Peace
Signup and view all the flashcards
Anglo-Saxon Tun Policing
Anglo-Saxon Tun Policing
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tithingman
Tithingman
Signup and view all the flashcards
Hue and Cry
Hue and Cry
Signup and view all the flashcards
Trial by Ordeal
Trial by Ordeal
Signup and view all the flashcards
Shire-Reeve
Shire-Reeve
Signup and view all the flashcards
Norman Policing System
Norman Policing System
Signup and view all the flashcards
Officer de la Paix
Officer de la Paix
Signup and view all the flashcards
Praetorian Guard
Praetorian Guard
Signup and view all the flashcards
Bow Street Runners
Bow Street Runners
Signup and view all the flashcards
Metropolitan Police
Metropolitan Police
Signup and view all the flashcards
King Richard
King Richard
Signup and view all the flashcards
1829 Metropolitan Police Act
1829 Metropolitan Police Act
Signup and view all the flashcards
Magna Carta
Magna Carta
Signup and view all the flashcards
1798 Marine Police Force
1798 Marine Police Force
Signup and view all the flashcards
Henry Fielding
Henry Fielding
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sir Robert Peel
Sir Robert Peel
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Evolution of Policing Systems
- Praetorian guards in ancient Rome were early guardians of peace, potentially the origin of policing.
- Officer de la Paix, a French term, claimed to be the origin of the term Police Officer.
Anglo-Saxon Period of Policing (Ancient England)
- Tun Policing System: Men in rural villages were required to maintain peace and protect property.
- A "tithing" was ten families, led by a tithingman.
- A "reeve" led 100 families.
- Tithingmen and reeves held judicial and police power.
- Hue and Cry: A system where citizens would raise an alarm to pursue a criminal.
- Trial by Ordeal: A method of determining guilt or innocence through dangerous or unpleasant experiences.
Norman Period of Policing
- Shire-Rieve: England was divided into 55 military areas (shires), each with a ruler (shire-reeve).
- Shire-reeves had significant power.
- Two constables (keepers of the horse) assisted them.
- The term "shire-reeve" likely originated the word "sheriff".
- Travelling Judges (Circuit Judges): Judges heard cases and began separating judicial and police powers.
- Legal System Changes (Legis Henrici):
- Crimes classified as affecting the king or individuals.
- Police became public servants.
- Citizens had arrest powers.
- A grand jury system, created to determine crime facts, replaced the Trial by Ordeal.
- Frankpledge System: Ten households jointly responsible for maintaining peace.
Westminster Period of Policing
- Laws governing policing came from Westminster.
- Constable duties were defined (night watch and daytime ward).
- Statute of Westminster (1285): Laws maintained peace.
- Statute of 1295: Curfew laws were enforced.
- Justice of the Peace (1361): Appointed officials to deal with crimes.
- Star Chamber Court (1487): Court with significant power, later criticized for abuse of authority.
Keepers of the Peace (Early Policing)
- King Richard (1195): Knights were appointed to guard cities.
- King Charles II (1663): Watchmen/bellmen employed nightly.
Magna Carta (1215):
- Freemen couldn't be imprisoned without trial.
- Murder trials needed body evidence.
London Policing Prior to 1829
- Henry Fielding: Introduced detectives, Bow Street Runners.
- Bow Street Runners: A detective group focused on catching criminals.
- Other developments: Marine Police, constables being paid, responsible for preventing theft
Metropolitan Police (1829)
- Sir Robert Peel: Established the Metropolitan Police.
- Metropolitan Police Act: Large police force in London.
- Other notable dates and events connected to the evolving police forces: 1833 Coldbath Fields Riot, 1836-38 Incorporating other police groups.
- Important Policing principles of the London Metropolitan Police.
French Contributions to Policing:
- House numbering for policing and crime prevention
- Street lighting for safety.
- Police ambulances
- Warrant cards
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.