History of Physical Education in Canada
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of the DPA Daily Physical Activity Initiative?

  • To teach students how to play various sports
  • To improve students' academic performance through physical activity
  • To promote physical education as a core subject in schools
  • To increase students' physical activity levels (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT a component of physical literacy, according to Margaret Whitehead?

  • Knowledge of different sports (correct)
  • Ability to move confidently in a variety of environments
  • Fundamental movement skills
  • Fundamental sport skills
  • Which of the following best describes a 'physically literate individual'?

  • Someone who excels in a specific sport or physical activity
  • Someone who enjoys participating in physical activities
  • Someone who understands, applies, and analyzes movement in various contexts (correct)
  • Someone who can perform complex physical tasks with ease
  • Which of these qualities are NOT considered in the development of a quality PE program?

    <p>Cost-effectiveness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential characteristic of an effective PE teacher?

    <p>Having a strong understanding of assessment and evaluation methods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for PE teachers to provide opportunities for students to experience success in physical activities?

    <p>To boost students' confidence and motivation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a valid method for assessing physical literacy in students?

    <p>Evaluating students' knowledge of sports rules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'active for life' emphasize?

    <p>Maintaining physical activity habits throughout the lifespan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which skill is essential for someone to be considered physically educated?

    <p>The ability to perform various physical activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is indicative of a Quality PE program?

    <p>Enthusiastic and qualified teachers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fundamental role of physical activity according to the provided content?

    <p>To enable social interaction and self-expression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trait is NOT typically associated with an effective PE teacher?

    <p>Lack of communication with students (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the learning pyramid suggest is the most effective way to retain knowledge?

    <p>Teaching others (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason for physical inactivity?

    <p>Low air quality and pollution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a PE teacher demonstrate a desire to improve their practice?

    <p>By planning instruction and seeking knowledge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is NOT focused on in an effective PE program?

    <p>Strict adherence to competitive sports only (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary concern with norm-referenced assessments in education?

    <p>They may not reflect individual progress. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain of learning is focused on perceptions, values, and attitudes?

    <p>Affective Domain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should fitness testing NOT be used for in assessment?

    <p>To provide direct marks for performance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of assessment is best for recording ongoing student improvement over time?

    <p>Portfolios (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in assessing students in physical education?

    <p>Define the behavior to be assessed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which assessment method is characterized by yes or no statements?

    <p>Checklists (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage is typically reserved for the psychomotor domain in assessments?

    <p>25-40% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might fitness assessments not be entirely reliable?

    <p>Students might cheat during assessments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a formative assessment?

    <p>Performance tasks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should assessment criteria be communicated to students?

    <p>Before assessment begins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Physically Educated

    Acquires skills for physical activities and fitness, values and enjoys participation in physical activity, and respects others during activities.

    Quality PE Programs

    Programs include qualified teachers, safe facilities, a variety of activities, and are developmentally appropriate, emphasizing safety and fair play.

    Characteristics of Effective PE Teacher

    Effective PE teachers possess management skills, supportive learning environments, strong student relationships, and diverse teaching styles.

    Learning Pyramid

    A model showing how different learning methods result in varying retention rates, with teaching others yielding the highest retention.

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    Curriculum Aim

    The goal of the curriculum is to develop knowledge, skills, and attitudes that promote an active, healthy lifestyle.

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    Reasons for Physical Inactivity

    Factors contributing to inactivity include violence, traffic, pollution, and lack of facilities.

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    Role of Physical Activity

    Engaging in physical activity can help reduce anxiety, depression, and tension in individuals.

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    Exemplary Teacher Traits

    Exemplary teachers have relevant experience, strive for knowledge, value students, plan effectively, and are eager to improve practices.

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    Norm-referenced assessment

    Comparison of a student's performance to others in a group.

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    Criterion-referenced assessment

    Evaluates students against a set standard, not others.

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    Psychomotor domain

    Involves physical skills and movement capabilities.

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    Affective domain

    Related to feelings, attitudes, values, and emotions.

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    Cognitive domain

    Involves knowledge, comprehension, and critical thinking.

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    Formative assessment

    Evaluation aimed at monitoring student learning for improvement.

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    Exit slips

    Short assessments at the end of a lesson to gauge understanding.

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    Rubrics

    Detailed scoring guides assessing various performance criteria.

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    Fitness in assessment

    Evaluation of student physical activity levels without grades.

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    Self-assessment

    Students evaluate their own skills and progress.

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    Physical Education

    A school subject designed to develop skills for active, healthy living.

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    Physical Activity

    Movement of the body that expends energy, like sports and exercise.

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    Daily Physical Activity Initiative

    Goal to increase students' physical activity levels to 30 minutes daily.

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    Physical Literacy

    Fundamental skills allowing children to move confidently in various situations.

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    Variety of Physical Environments

    Four key environments for physical skills: Ground, Water, Snow/Ice, Air.

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    Benefits of Active Kids

    Children who are active tend to avoid smoking, alcohol, and drugs.

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    Active for Life

    Engaging in physical activity from a young age into adulthood.

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    Confidence in Movement

    Ability to demonstrate movements creatively and competently across activities.

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    Study Notes

    History of Physical Education Curriculum in Canada

    • Wave 1 (1933-1957): Emerged from British military training syllabus.
    • Wave 2 (1957-1972): Emphasis on competitive team sports, influenced by the Cold War and the Space Race. Teaching styles also became a focus.
    • Wave 3 (past 50 years): Physical Education (PE) and wellness are combined. Health organization is adapting the curriculum.

    What it Means to be Physically Educated

    • Acquires skills for performing various physical activities.
    • Develops physical fitness.
    • Takes part in physical activity for enjoyment and excitement.
    • Values and understands physical activity.
    • Uses physical activity to express oneself and socialize with others.
    • Practices responsible and social behavior.
    • Shows respect for others during physical activity.

    Characteristics of Quality PE Programs

    • Qualified and enthusiastic teachers.
    • Creative and safe use of facilities and equipment.
    • Regular instructional time.
    • Well-planned lessons for varied activities suited to student development levels.
    • Emphasis on safety, learning, success, fair play, self-fulfillment, enjoyment, and personal health.
    • Gender-equitable activities and lessons.
    • High level of student participation.
    • Physical activities that enhance cardiovascular, muscular strength and flexibility (CV, MS, ME, and FL).
    • Teacher reflection on teaching practices for enhanced student success.
    • Effective management and organization skills by teachers.
    • Supportive learning environment.
    • Positive relationships with students.
    • Variety of teaching styles.

    Professional Qualities of Exemplary Teachers

    • Extensive relevant experience.
    • Desire to continuously improve knowledge.
    • High value placed on students' learning.
    • Excellent classroom management.
    • Strong planning for instruction.
    • Positive classroom environment.
    • Strong desire to enhance teaching practice.

    Learning Pyramid

    • Lecture
    • Reading
    • Audiovisual
    • Demonstration
    • Discussion
    • Practice doing
    • Teaching others

    Reasons for Physical Inactivity

    • Violence.
    • High-density traffic.
    • Poor air quality and pollution.
    • Lack of parks, sidewalks, and facilities.

    Physical Education vs. Physical Activity

    • Physical Education: A school subject focusing on developing skills, knowledge, and attitudes related to active, healthy living.
    • Physical Activity: Any bodily movement that expends energy.

    Physical Literacy

    • Fundamental movement skills and fundamental sports skills.
    • Ability to move with poise, economy, and confidence.
    • Skills in various environments (ground, water, snow/ice, air.)
    • Develop motivation, confidence, competence in physical activities for a healthy lifestyle.

    Outcomes vs. Objectives

    • Outcomes: Broad goals for a learning program.
    • Objectives: Specific steps to achieve those goals.

    Yearly Plan Needs and Schedule

    • Scope: Complete content coverage.
    • Sequence: Logical order.
    • Balance: Ensure adequate coverage across outcomes.
    • Schedule units.
    • Block schedules (solid, modified).

    Teaching Styles

    • Command style
    • Reciprocal style
    • Self-Check
    • Inclusion
    • Guided Discovery
    • Convergent Discovery
    • Divergent Discovery
    • Learner-designed individual program
    • Learner-initiated
    • Self-Teaching styles

    Assessment vs. Evaluation

    • Assessment: Process of gathering information about student learning
    • Evaluation: Judging the worth or value of something (e.g., student learning).

    Assessment Principles

    • Continuous, collaborative, comprehensive assessment for student learning, for example, in physical education.
    • Criteria for identifying and describing learning behaviors.
    • Norm-referenced and criterion-referenced assessments.
    • Psychomotor (25-40%), affective (20-40%), cognitive (20-30%) aspects of evaluation.
    • Guidelines for self-assessment.
    • Fitness testing (not exclusively for grading).
    • Measurable assessments.
    • Checklists and self-assessments.

    Practical Application

    • Affective Domain: Focuses on students' perceptions, values, interests, attitudes, feelings, behaviors, and social interactions, such as teamwork and sportsmanship.
    • Cognitive Domain: Focuses on knowledge, comprehension, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation via methods such as observations, homework, journals, questions, conversations/conferences between students and teachers, self-evaluations, and assessment tools like exit slips, written tests.
    • Psychomotor: Skills assessment (summative, formative) should focus on personal growth and provide feedback, corrections, and practice.

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    Description

    Dive into the evolution of the physical education curriculum in Canada, exploring three significant waves from 1933 to present. Discover how influences such as military training, the Cold War, and wellness integration have shaped the teaching of physical education. Learn about the essential qualities that define effective PE programs today.

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