US Pharmaceutical Industry
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Questions and Answers

During the Fee for Service phase, what type of insurance was common?

  • Managed care insurance
  • Commercial indemnity insurance (correct)
  • Socialized healthcare insurance
  • Government-funded insurance

What were patients accustomed to during the Fee for Service phase?

  • Relying on generic medications only
  • Receiving limited healthcare choices
  • Getting any product they wanted (correct)
  • Strictly following doctor's recommendations

What was lacking in terms of economic controls during the Fee for Service phase?

  • Physician cost awareness (correct)
  • Patient compliance
  • Government intervention
  • Strict insurance regulations

Which healthcare professionals had autonomy in prescribing during the Fee for Service phase?

<p>Physicians (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Fee for Service phase, who was the target market of pharmaceutical marketing?

<p>Physicians (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the pharmaceutical marketing approach during the Fee for Service phase?

<p>Centrally developed marketing programs presented to all physicians (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of healthcare delivery evolved as a result of Managed Care since the mid-1980s?

<p>Managed Care (Market Penetration) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was targeted in pharmaceutical marketing during the Fee for Service phase?

<p>Physicians (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of pharmaceutical marketing as mentioned in the text?

<p>Conducting disease prevention research (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is considered the biggest threat to PhRMA according to the text?

<p>Having fewer innovative drugs on the horizon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of developing new salt forms, isomers, and delayed release dosages according to critics?

<p>To extend patent exclusivity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drugs are defined as specialty pharmaceuticals?

<p>High-cost drugs for rare or chronic conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Phase III: Managed Care Mature Market 1990s-Present primarily focus on?

<p>Pharmaceutical marketing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising according to the text?

<p>Shifting advertising focus to consumers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which year saw the highest number of New Molecular Entities approved by the FDA according to the text?

<p>2018 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the criticisms leveled against PhRMA's R&D focus strategy?

<p>&quot;Specialty&quot; pharmaceuticals divert attention from other areas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three major components of the pharmaceutical industry?

<p>Research and development, manufacturing, and sales and marketing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of drug manufacturers when developing a drug?

<p>Optimizing biochemical activity, increasing specificity, and limiting negative effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between prescription and non-prescription drugs?

<p>Prescription drugs require a prescription, while non-prescription drugs do not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is medicalization in the context of drugs?

<p>Redefining personal or social problems as medical conditions requiring treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to medications that do not require a prescription by an authorized health care provider?

<p>Non-prescription drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of FDA approval for a medication?

<p>It indicates official recognition for marketing by the FDA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the emphasis of pharmaceutical companies in the mid-80s to 1990 regarding Managed Care Organizations (MCOs)?

<p>Creating special account managers to work with MCOs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the mature Managed Care Market (1990s-Present), what exerts a tremendous influence on drug use?

<p>Managed Care Organizations (MCOs) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did drug companies gain access to Managed Care Organization (MCO) formularies in the mid-80s to 1990?

<p>By contracts and rebates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of pharmaceutical marketing in the Managed Care Mature Market (1990s-Present)?

<p>Message tailored to the region, MCOs, and contracting issues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way in which the message in pharmaceutical marketing has evolved from Phase II to Phase III of managed care?

<p>The message gets more customized to the plan and changes as data warrants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do Managed Care Organizations (MCOs) have great influence over prescribing in the mature Managed Care Market?

<p>Because MCOs control formularies and exert restrictions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a common practice for pharmaceutical companies in dealing with Managed Care Organizations (MCOs) in the mid-80s to 1990?

<p>Creating special account managers to work with MCOs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor determined success in pharmaceutical marketing before the mid-1980s?

<p>Efficacy relative to competition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was rarely, if ever, mentioned in pharmaceutical marketing before the mid-1980s?

<p>Cost of drug product (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the mid-1980s to 1990, what technology enabled 'real time' claims processing by Pharmacy Benefit Managers?

<p>Electronic claims (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiated mandatory generic dispensing in Managed Care plans?

<p>Managed Care plan benefit restrictions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the early phases of pharmaceutical marketing, what were ads in medical journals designed to convey?

<p>Single positioning for the product (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to more control over prescriptions and benefit restrictions in the mid-1980s to 1990?

<p>Growth of Managed Care (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor was NOT necessarily the basis of success according to the text?

<p>'Real time' claims processing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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