History of Medicine and Exercise Physiology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the study of Exercise Physiology primarily concerned with?

  • Investigating the cultural significance of exercise
  • Exploring the philosophical aspects of physical activity
  • Understanding the body's responses to exercise and training (correct)
  • Studying the history of exercise in ancient civilizations

    • According to the text, why should one study Exercise Physiology?

  • To understand how physiological functioning should change based on types of exercise (correct)
  • To appreciate the cultural significance of exercise
  • To explore the ancient origins of exercise
  • To delve into the philosophical aspects of physical activity

    • What is the ancient origin of Exercise Physiology, based on the text?

  • Minoan and Mycenaean cultures
  • Early civilizations of Greece and Asia Minor (correct)
  • Great biblical realms of David and Solomon
  • Territories of Assyria, Babylonia, Media, and Persia

    • What does Exercise Physiology aim to maximize, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Physical potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the significance of understanding the benefits of physical activity?

    <p>Encourages people to become lifelong exercisers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the etymological meaning of 'Physiology'?

    <p>Study of nature/origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Exercise Physiology explain, as per the text?

    <p>Body’s responses to exercise/training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary energy system responsible for high-intensity, short-duration activities?

    <p>Phosphocreatine (PCr)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which energy system has the highest duration of energy production?

    <p>Oxidative phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of PCr and ADP to creatine and ATP?

    <p>Creatine kinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end product of glycolysis?

    <p>Pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of exercise primarily affects the anaerobic system?

    <p>Short high-intensity workout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to NAD+ during glycolysis?

    <p>It is converted to NADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the creatine-phosphate shuttle?

    <p>To facilitate movement of PCr and Cr between cell compartments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for the bidirectional conversion of pyruvate and lactate?

    <p>Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of muscle fiber are LDH1-2 isozymes more predominant?

    <p>Slow twitch (type I)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the enzymes that break down glycogen and increases glycolysis, leading to lactate production?

    <p>Muscle contraction (Ca$^{2+}$)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of muscle fiber is LDH1-5 mostly found?

    <p>Fast twitch (type II)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism for lactate removal?

    <p>Oxidation (~70%)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system is utilized in the absence of oxygen during heavy exercise?

    <p>Anaerobic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle fiber produces more lactate?

    <p>Fast twitch (type II)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme activity is stimulated by epinephrine, leading to increased lactic acid production?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium enzyme responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate and vice versa?

    <p>Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known as the 'father' of modern medicine?

    <p>Hippocrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ancient Greek physician considered obesity a disease linked to a sedentary lifestyle?

    <p>Sushruta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known for the 'Karvonen formula' to predict optimal exercise training heart rate?

    <p>Martti Karvonen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which figure made key anatomical and physiological discoveries during the Renaissance period?

    <p>William Harvey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who emphasized the 'laws of health' including proper diet, exercise, and emotional control?

    <p>Galen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Scandinavian researcher pioneered studies on gas exchange in the lungs and blood flow redistribution during exercise?

    <p>A.V. Hill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Claude Bernard discover?

    <p>The liver's internal secretion of glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating VO2 using the Fick equation?

    <p>$Q \times a-vO2diff$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal resting VO2 for a person with a body mass of 70kg?

    <p>245 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the output of CO2 when VCO2 expired is 50 L/min and VCO2 inspired is 0.003?

    <p>1.86 L/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the conversion factor from 1L O2/min to kcals?

    <p>5 kcals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the conversion factor from 1 kg·m/min to kcal/min?

    <p>0.00234 kcal/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for converting kg·m/min to watts?

    <p>$(kg·m/min)/6.12$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between kJ and kcal?

    <p>$kJ = kcal \times 4.18$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit for measuring watts?

    <p>Joules/second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for cardiac output (Q)?

    <p>Q = SV * HR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

    <p>MAP = ⅓ SBP + ⅔ DBP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for resistance?

    <p>Resistance = pressure / flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for ejection fraction?

    <p>Ejection Fraction = (SV / EDV) * 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for alveolar ventilation (VA)?

    <p>VA = (VT - VD) * frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for net efficiency?

    <p>Net efficiency = (WR * 0.00234 kcalmin) / (VO2 * 5 kcal)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for critical power?

    <p>Critical power = VO2 * 5 * time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for a-vO2diff (arterial venous oxygen difference)?

    <p>a-vO2diff = arterial - venous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    History of Medicine and Exercise Physiology: Key Figures and Concepts

    • Ancient Greek physician Sushruta in 5th century BC considered obesity a disease and linked it to a sedentary lifestyle
    • Herodicus in 5th century BC emphasized the importance of proper diet in physical training
    • Hippocrates, known as the "father" of modern medicine, made significant contributions to medical knowledge
    • Galen, a prominent physician in AD 131-201, emphasized the "laws of health" including proper diet, exercise, and emotional control
    • Renaissance figures like Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo Buonarroti, Vesalius, and William Harvey made key anatomical and physiological discoveries
    • Claude Bernard, a renowned psychologist, discovered the liver's internal secretion of glucose
    • A.V. Hill and other Scandinavian researchers pioneered studies on gas exchange in the lungs and blood flow redistribution during exercise
    • Martti Karvonen is known for the "Karvonen formula" to predict optimal exercise training heart rate
    • Exercise physiology concepts include homeostasis, stress, and the distinction between exercise and training
    • The body's response to exercise intensity, as well as the impact of exercise on mortality rate and daily sitting, were discussed
    • The concept of stress-adaptation and the potential negative effects of overtraining on the body were highlighted
    • The energy continuum, specifically the breakdown of ATP and its significance in bodily function, was explained

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of key figures and concepts in the history of medicine and exercise physiology with this quiz. Explore the contributions of ancient physicians like Hippocrates and Galen, as well as Renaissance figures and modern researchers. Delve into topics such as homeostasis, stress, exercise intensity, and the impact of exercise on the body.

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