Questions and Answers
What significant role did Dr. Calvin Ellis play at Massachusetts General Hospital?
Dr. William Welch opened a teaching laboratory at Johns Hopkins University.
False
In what year was the position of ‘Chemist-Microscopist’ established at Massachusetts General Hospital?
1847
Dr. William Welch became the first physician recruited to be a professor at _____ in 1886.
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Match the following individuals with their contributions:
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Who is recognized as the founding father of modern anatomic pathology?
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Alessandra Gillani was the first scientist to establish a pathology laboratory.
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What type of disease caused the death of Alessandra Gillani?
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Rudolf Virchow emphasized the study of diseases visible at the ______ level.
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Match the key figures with their contributions:
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Study Notes
Historical Context of Medical Profession
- Physicians faced severe consequences, including public beatings, for failing to examine urine samples.
- Anna Fagelson dates the origins of the medical profession back to the 14th century.
- Alessandra Gillani worked at the University of Bologna under Mondino de’ Liuzzi, performing lab tests; she died from a laboratory-acquired illness in 1326.
Onset of Modern Medical Technology
- Marcello Malphigi is considered the greatest early microscopist, with contributions to embryology, gland physiology, and anatomy; he is the founding father of modern anatomic pathology.
- Rudolf Virchow, known as the father of microscopic pathology, established the first pathology laboratory and emphasized the cellular level study of diseases and infections.
- Von Ziemssen founded the first hospital-attached clinical laboratory in Munich in 1886, which included chemical, physical, and bacteriological departments along with practical course rooms.
Development of Medical Technology in the United States
- Massachusetts General Hospital established the position of "Chemist-Microscopist" in 1847, responsible for assistance during autopsies.
- John Bacon Jr. was employed as the first Chemist-Microscopist in 1854; he later suggested the division of duties between the hospital microscopist and chemist.
- Dr. Calvin Ellis, appointed in 1855, was pivotal in utilizing microscopes for specimen examinations, aiding in diagnoses.
Advancements in Medical Education
- Dr. William Welch opened a teaching laboratory at Bellevue Medical College in 1878 and provided the first pathology laboratory course at an American medical school.
- Welch became the first professor at Johns Hopkins University in 1886, solidifying his impact on medical education.
Professional Training and Standards
- R.B.H Gradwohl proposed establishing schools for training laboratory technicians and creating a board for qualifications in 1920.
- The American Society for Clinical Pathology, founded in 1922, aimed to uphold the status of clinical pathologists and create an ethics code for technicians and technologists.
- The American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science originated as a subgroup of ASCP, advocating for the recognition of non-physician clinical laboratory scientists as independent professionals.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the historical developments in the medical profession, particularly focusing on the 14th century. Learn about key figures like Alessandra Gillani and the significant events that shaped early medical practices. Explore the challenges and contributions made by physicians during this period.
