76 Questions
What concept did James Hutton contribute to geology?
Uniformitarianism
Which scientist mentored Darwin and taught him geology?
Charles Lyell
What concept did Charles Darwin develop that involves the idea of organisms passing on genetic material?
Natural Selection
What dating method uses the absorption of Fluorine, Uranium, and Nitrogen in bones?
FUN Dating
Who collected animal fossils for museums but lost his collection in a shipwreck?
Alfred Russel Wallace
Which philosopher believed that everything is in change and motion, giving the appearance of a solid?
Titus Lucretius
What is the basis of human life on earth used in Radio Carbon 14 dating?
Carbon
Which dating method involves volcanic ash and has a range from 200 thousand years ago to the present?
Potassium Argon Dating
Which philosopher proposed the concept of Natural Theology and Intelligent Design based on the design of biological organisms?
William Paley
What concept explains that small forces over a long time lead to geological changes?
Uniformitarianism
Who advocated for an economic system where good will do good and bad will do bad without any need for rules?
Adam Smith
Who believed in a cyclical pattern of human populations' standard of living based on the time they are born?
Thomas Malthus
Which philosopher noticed uniform characteristics in animals and proposed Uniformitarianism?
Comte de Buffon
'If you want a good economic system, you should have no rules.' This statement contradicts the philosophies of which other thinker?
William Paley
Who believed that geographic events from the past still impact current landforms?
Comte de Buffon
What process is used to determine the age of fossils based on volcanic reactions?
Thermos Luminescence
Which method is used for dating materials that cannot be heated, such as shells and teeth?
Electronic Spin Resence
What term is used to describe the study of seeds and stems from ancient times?
Paleobotany
Which biological trait is defined as 'Obligated Bipedality' in hominids?
Walking upright on two legs
Who discovered the Taung Baby, an Austroalepithecus africanus fossil?
Raymond Dart
What was the significance of the Piltdown Man fraud?
Showed a big brain with modern dentition
Which theory is based on mitochondrial DNA and proposes that all modern humans are related to African groups from 140/130 thousand years ago?
Out of Africa model
'Paranthropus Robustus' is associated with which of the following physical characteristics?
'Large molars' and 'robust cheekbones'
What trait was observed in silver foxes as a result of domestication?
Smaller bodies
According to Richard Wrangham, what distinguishes proactive aggression from reactive aggression?
Reactive aggression involves planning ahead.
Which group had smaller social groups with at most 15 adults and undeveloped language?
Neanderthals
What trait is a characteristic of Homo sapiens sapiens adaptation to culture?
High and round skulls
What is the function of the Forum Magnum in the human skull?
Located at the bottom middle
Which trait is NOT listed as a main trait of a hominin?
Large canines
What is the significant cranial capacity of Australopithecus africanus?
$500 cc$
'Post cranial' refers to which part of the body?
Below the waist
What feature distinguishes the skull of Homo sapiens from that of Australopithecus afarensis?
Parabolic-shaped mandible
Which hominid exhibited a sectorial pre-molar and diastema in their dental structure?
Australopithecus africanus
What significant feature is observed in the mandible of Homo sapiens that is absent in Paranthropus robustus?
Lack of a chin
Which hominid had a skull with no occipital torus and large cranial capacity?
Homo habilis
What distinguishes the pelvis of Australopithecus africanus from Homo erectus?
Bowl-shaped pelvis
Which hominid has longer arms than legs?
Australopithecus afarensis
In terms of jaw shape, which hominid had a U-shaped mandible?
Australopithecus africanus
What is a distinguishing feature of the foot of Homo erectus compared to Australopithecus afarensis?
Post-orbital expansion
What dating method involves using heat and light to date pottery and flints?
Thermoluminescence dating
What process is used to determine the age of fossils based on the space between fossils rather than the fossils themselves?
Relative dating through volcanic reactions
Which dating method is used on materials that cannot be heated, such as shells and teeth?
Electronic Spin Resonance dating
What study focuses on investigating the natural processes that occur to bones after death?
Taphonomy
Which hominid fossil was originally believed to have a big brain but was later disproven as a fraud?
Austroalepithecus africanus (Taung Baby)
What distinguishing feature did the fraud Piltdown Man exhibit that led to its initial acceptance?
Small brain and modern dentition
Biologically, what sets primates apart from early hominids like Australopithecus?
Increased cranial capacities
Who proposed the theory of Uniformitarianism after noticing the uniform characteristics of animals, such as having four legs and two eyes?
Comte de Buffon
Which philosopher believed in Intelligent Design and argued that design is what gives meaning to biological organisms?
William Paley
Which thinker contradicted the idea of having rules for a good economic system, stating that good will do good and bad will do bad, controlled by an 'invisible hand'?
Adam Smith
Who determined the creation of the world to be in 4004 BC based on father-to-son communication in the Old Testament?
James Usser
Which philosopher believed in a cyclical pattern of human populations' standard of living, with educational and social reforms suggested to balance out the highs and lows?
Thomas Malthus
'Everything is in change and motion,' according to which philosopher who believed motion gives the appearance of solidity?
'Titus Lucretius'
'Good will do good, bad will do bad and disappear,' was a concept attributed to which thinker who opposed the need for rules in an economic system?
'Adam Smith'
'He kicked a stone, and it means nothing, unorganized. But a watch has a design and that gives it meaning,' was an argument made by which philosopher known for Intelligent Design?
'William Paley'
What concept did Alfred Russel Wallace contribute to, which gave Darwin motivation to write 'The Origin of Species'?
Natural selection
According to Charles Darwin, what concept explains the mechanism by which species evolve over time?
Natural selection
Which scientist advocated for Catastrophism, suggesting that species disappear due to ecological catastrophes?
Georges Cuvier
What dating method involves comparing different soil layers to determine the relative age of artifacts?
Relative Dating based on stratigraphy
Which philosopher proposed the idea that small forces acting over long periods of time result in geological changes?
James Hutton
What did Charles Lyell's book 'Principles of Geology' contribute to the field of geology?
'Uniformitarianism' principles
'Pangenesous' and 'Genmal' are concepts associated with which scientist's work?
Charles Darwin
'Stratigraphy' is primarily used in which type of dating method?
'Relative Dating'
What distinguishes the skull of Homo sapiens from that of Paranthropus robustus?
Large cranial capacity
Which hominid has a well-developed chin and legs longer than arms?
Homo erectus
What physical trait is observed in the mandible of Paranthropus robustus but is not present in Homo sapiens?
No chin
Which hominid exhibited a sectorial pre-molar and diastema in their dental structure?
Australopithecus africanus
What physical feature distinguishes the pelvis of Homo erectus from that of Australopithecus africanus?
Flared pelvis
What trait characterizes Homo sapiens sapiens' adaptation to culture?
Thick enamel molars
Who proposed the concept of 'Multi-regional continuity' during human evolution?
Chris Stringer
What did Savant Paabe originate in the field of paleogenetics?
DNA sequencing
What was the key criteria used by Dimitri Balyayev in his research with silver foxes?
Aggressiveness towards humans
Which characteristic did Richard Wrangham associate with Neanderthals?
Proactive aggression
What region of the skull do Neanderthals have a keen vision in?
Occipital base
Which trait is a result of domestication in animals according to the text?
Smaller teeth
What was the focus of Homo sapiens sapiens brain development as described in the text?
Frontal portion of the skull
Which hominid has adaptation to culture and environment as a key trait?
Homo sapiens sapiens
Explore key philosophical theories related to the history of evolution, from Atomism to Intelligent Design. Learn about the ideas of Titus Lucretius, James Usser, and William Paley that have contributed to the understanding of evolution.
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