History of Energy Use
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary energy source that enabled early humans to cook food and heat living areas?

  • Burning coal
  • Wood (correct)
  • Natural gas
  • Oil

    • During which historical period did the formation of large coal deposits occur?

  • Carboniferous period (correct)
  • Cretaceous period
  • Jurassic period
  • Mesozoic era

    • What was the initial fate of natural gas produced in oil wells?

  • Exported for profit
  • Stored for future use
  • Used for lighting
  • Burned as a waste product (correct)

    • What led to increased levels of air pollution in cities prior to the Industrial Revolution?

    <p>Widespread use of coal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the consequence of humans using up readily available wood sources in dense populations?

    <p>Development of alternative fuel sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What facilitated the congregation of people around factories and cities during the Industrial Revolution?

    <p>Need for larger labor pools in expanding factories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes coal bulky and causes transport problems?

    <p>The large volume of coal compared to its energy content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of oil over coal in terms of environmental impact?

    <p>Oil releases less carbon dioxide when burned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for concern regarding the safety of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) loading facilities?

    <p>The public's concern about the safety of these facilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion in terms of the underlying nuclear process?

    <p>Nuclear fission involves the splitting of heavy nuclei, while nuclear fusion involves the combining of light nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the public's concern about nuclear power?

    <p>The risk of nuclear accidents and the potential for radioactive contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of natural gas over other fossil fuels in terms of environmental impact?

    <p>Natural gas releases less carbon dioxide when burned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the development of new transportation methods for natural gas?

    <p>The desire to reduce the amount of natural gas that is burned off at oil fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the public's concern about the safety of nuclear power plants?

    <p>The risk of nuclear accidents and the potential for radioactive contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of oil over coal in terms of transportation?

    <p>Oil is more easily transported through pipelines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the development of nuclear power as an energy source?

    <p>The potential for nuclear power to provide a reliable and baseload electricity supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor plays a significant role in determining energy use according to the text?

    <p>Political stability in oil-producing countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary conventional fossil fuels accounting for nearly 85% of world energy consumption?

    <p>Oil, natural gas, and coal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization consists of 14 countries controlling about 71% of the world's estimated oil reserves?

    <p>Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of total world energy consumption accounted for by conventional fossil fuels?

    <p>85%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sector uses the most energy in industrialized nations according to the text?

    <p>Residential / commercial uses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the increased demand for oil products according to the text?

    <p>Growth of the automobile industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which countries have per capita energy use for transportation highest according to the text?

    <p>Highly developed countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor in determining a country's energy use for transportation according to the text?

    <p>Specific combination of bus, rail, waterways, and private automobiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are nonrenewable energy sources as defined in the text?

    <p>Coal, oil, and natural gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate global percentage of energy provided by renewable sources other than hydroelectricity and firewood according to the text?

    <p>12%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for replacing spent fuel rods in a nuclear power plant?

    <p>To reduce the amount of radioactive material on-site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of radiation is known to cause mutations in biological molecules?

    <p>Gamma rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the quality factor used for in calculating dose equivalent?

    <p>To account for the varying biological effects of different types of radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did operators at Chernobyl do that exacerbated the nuclear accident?

    <p>Violated several important safety rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of placing a containment structure over the damaged reactor at Chernobyl?

    <p>It contained all released radiation within the structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Fukushima nuclear power plant sustain damage during the 2011 incident?

    <p>As a result of an earthquake and subsequent tsunami</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the immediate cause of releasing radiation into the atmosphere and sea water at Fukushima?

    <p>Failure of backup generators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are new fuel rods introduced after about three years of operation in nuclear power plants?

    <p>To replace spent rods with sufficient radioactive material to sustain a chain reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Fukushima incident result in high levels of radioactivity exposure for some employees?

    <p>Due to a breach in reactor containment leading to direct exposure to radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a technology capable of converting biomass into energy?

    <p>Hydroelectric power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary environmental concern associated with the use of biomass for energy production?

    <p>Habitat and biodiversity loss due to deforestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about hydroelectric power is NOT true?

    <p>Hydroelectric power plants do not produce any greenhouse gas emissions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way in which solar energy is utilized?

    <p>Geothermal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of solar energy compared to other energy sources?

    <p>It is a renewable energy source with minimal environmental impact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an environmental issue associated with wind energy?

    <p>Noise pollution from wind turbines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines whether a crop is suitable for energy use?

    <p>Both of the above factors are equally important.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a correct statement about biofuels production from biomass?

    <p>Fermentation converts plant sugars to ethanol, which is an energy source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary issue associated with using crops for energy production?

    <p>It reduces the amount of land available for food production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary concern regarding nuclear power plants after the 9/11 terrorist attacks?

    <p>The possibility of a radiological dispersal device (RDD) or dirty bomb being detonated near the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of entombing a decommissioned nuclear power plant?

    <p>It is the least expensive decommissioning option</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential source of biomass energy?

    <p>Geothermal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary disadvantage of using crop residues and animal wastes as biomass fuel?

    <p>It contributes to soil erosion and depletion of organic matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about renewable energy sources is NOT true?

    <p>Renewable energy sources are expected to provide the majority of the world's energy needs by 2030</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using municipal solid waste as a source of biomass energy?

    <p>It reduces the need for landfill space and the associated costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential negative impact of using fuelwood as a primary energy source?

    <p>Wood smoke is a significant air pollutant that can have adverse health effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using energy plantations as a source of biomass?

    <p>The crops can be grown specifically for the purpose of energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a potential source of hydroelectric power?

    <p>Geothermal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the decommissioning of nuclear power plants?

    <p>The limited life expectancy of the plants, typically 30-40 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the decreased bird deaths when one blade of a wind turbine is painted black?

    <p>The black blade makes the turbine more prominent and easier for birds to see and avoid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary source of energy used to generate electricity from geothermal power?

    <p>The heat from the Earth's molten magma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation for producing practical amounts of power from tidal energy?

    <p>The small number of locations with a suitable difference between high and low tides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do government incentives and policies typically encourage energy conservation in the United States?

    <p>By offering economic rewards and penalties to influence consumer and industry choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary environmental issue associated with the use of geothermal power?

    <p>The toxic minerals in the steam that can harm fish and other aquatic life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key factor that has been shaped by the availability of relatively low-cost energy?

    <p>The cultural and lifestyle choices that have led to larger homes, more outdoor lighting, and larger lawns</p> Signup and view all the answers

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