History of Early Digital Computers
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Questions and Answers

Which computer is recognized as the first stored program digital computer?

  • ENIAC
  • UNIVAC
  • EDSAC
  • Manchester Mark I (correct)

Who is credited with defining the stored-program computer architecture that influenced the Manchester Mark I?

  • John von Neumann (correct)
  • Alan Turing
  • Maurice Wilkes
  • Howard Aiken

What significant accomplishment did EDSAC achieve on May 6, 1949?

  • First commercial use of a computer
  • Running its first programs (correct)
  • Incorporating transistors
  • Winning a military contract

What was the primary purpose of the SAGE computer system?

<p>Tracking radar data for air defense (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym UNIVAC stand for?

<p>Universal Automatic Computer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electronic computer was constructed by Maurice Wilkes and his team to operate using stored programs?

<p>EDSAC (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which computer was mentioned as having technological advances like modems and graphical displays?

<p>SAGE (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which computing development occurred closest to the end of World War II?

<p>Manchester Mark I (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary function of the NEAC 2203 computer?

<p>Scientific and engineering applications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant innovation did the IBM System/360 introduce?

<p>Integrated circuits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many units of the PDP-8 were sold upon its release?

<p>50,000 units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the unique selling point of the PDP-8 compared to the small IBM 360 mainframe?

<p>Lower price (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Apollo Guidance Computer primarily used for?

<p>Steering the spacecraft (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was notable about the Control Data Corporation's 6600 machine?

<p>Fastest machine in the world at one time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interface did astronauts use to communicate with the Apollo Guidance Computer?

<p>Punching codes into a keyboard (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial investment amount for the IBM System/360?

<p>$5 billion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is regarded as the first computer programmer?

<p>Lady Ada Lovelace (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary function of Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine?

<p>Count census data using punched cards (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant concept did Alan Turing introduce in his 1936 paper?

<p>The Turing Machine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Lady Ada Lovelace is true?

<p>She contributed significantly to the design of the Analytical Engine. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual is associated with the development of an electromechanical tabulating machine?

<p>Herman Hollerith (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Turing Machine as described in Turing's work?

<p>To represent logical principles of computation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to being a mathematician, which other role is Alan Turing known for?

<p>Cryptanalyst (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the tabulating machine used in the 1890 US census?

<p>It represented data using punched cards. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Interface Message Processor (IMP) in the ARPANET?

<p>To function as a gateway or router within the network (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following computers is often considered the world's first personal computer?

<p>Kenbak-1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the reasons the Kenbak-1 failed in the market?

<p>It lacked a microprocessor and had minimal computing power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What innovative term did Ed Roberts coin while developing the Altair 8800?

<p>Personal computer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many units of the Apple 1 were initially sold?

<p>200 units (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the Altair 8800 released?

<p>1975 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the co-founders of Microsoft who licensed BASIC for the Altair 8800?

<p>Bill Gates and Paul Allen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial retail price of the Apple 1?

<p>$666 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the first product produced by Hewlett-Packard?

<p>HP 200A Audio Oscillator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company ordered eight units of the HP 200B model?

<p>Walt Disney Pictures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following computers was at the center of a patent dispute regarding the title of first electronic digital computer?

<p>Atanasoff Berry Computer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the original designers of the ENIAC?

<p>John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the maximum operational speed of the ENIAC?

<p>5,000 operations per second (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a unique feature of the Colossus computer?

<p>It was designed to break Nazi ciphers during WWII. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the EDVAC announced as the successor to the ENIAC?

<p>1947 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a notable feature of the Atanasoff Berry Computer?

<p>First electronic digital computer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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