History of Early Digital Computers
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Questions and Answers

Which computer is recognized as the first stored program digital computer?

  • ENIAC
  • UNIVAC
  • EDSAC
  • Manchester Mark I (correct)
  • Who is credited with defining the stored-program computer architecture that influenced the Manchester Mark I?

  • John von Neumann (correct)
  • Alan Turing
  • Maurice Wilkes
  • Howard Aiken
  • What significant accomplishment did EDSAC achieve on May 6, 1949?

  • First commercial use of a computer
  • Running its first programs (correct)
  • Incorporating transistors
  • Winning a military contract
  • What was the primary purpose of the SAGE computer system?

    <p>Tracking radar data for air defense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym UNIVAC stand for?

    <p>Universal Automatic Computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electronic computer was constructed by Maurice Wilkes and his team to operate using stored programs?

    <p>EDSAC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which computer was mentioned as having technological advances like modems and graphical displays?

    <p>SAGE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which computing development occurred closest to the end of World War II?

    <p>Manchester Mark I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary function of the NEAC 2203 computer?

    <p>Scientific and engineering applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant innovation did the IBM System/360 introduce?

    <p>Integrated circuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many units of the PDP-8 were sold upon its release?

    <p>50,000 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the unique selling point of the PDP-8 compared to the small IBM 360 mainframe?

    <p>Lower price</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Apollo Guidance Computer primarily used for?

    <p>Steering the spacecraft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was notable about the Control Data Corporation's 6600 machine?

    <p>Fastest machine in the world at one time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of interface did astronauts use to communicate with the Apollo Guidance Computer?

    <p>Punching codes into a keyboard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the initial investment amount for the IBM System/360?

    <p>$5 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is regarded as the first computer programmer?

    <p>Lady Ada Lovelace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary function of Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine?

    <p>Count census data using punched cards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant concept did Alan Turing introduce in his 1936 paper?

    <p>The Turing Machine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Lady Ada Lovelace is true?

    <p>She contributed significantly to the design of the Analytical Engine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which individual is associated with the development of an electromechanical tabulating machine?

    <p>Herman Hollerith</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the Turing Machine as described in Turing's work?

    <p>To represent logical principles of computation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addition to being a mathematician, which other role is Alan Turing known for?

    <p>Cryptanalyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the tabulating machine used in the 1890 US census?

    <p>It represented data using punched cards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the Interface Message Processor (IMP) in the ARPANET?

    <p>To function as a gateway or router within the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following computers is often considered the world's first personal computer?

    <p>Kenbak-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the reasons the Kenbak-1 failed in the market?

    <p>It lacked a microprocessor and had minimal computing power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What innovative term did Ed Roberts coin while developing the Altair 8800?

    <p>Personal computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many units of the Apple 1 were initially sold?

    <p>200 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the Altair 8800 released?

    <p>1975</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the co-founders of Microsoft who licensed BASIC for the Altair 8800?

    <p>Bill Gates and Paul Allen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the initial retail price of the Apple 1?

    <p>$666</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the first product produced by Hewlett-Packard?

    <p>HP 200A Audio Oscillator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company ordered eight units of the HP 200B model?

    <p>Walt Disney Pictures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following computers was at the center of a patent dispute regarding the title of first electronic digital computer?

    <p>Atanasoff Berry Computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the original designers of the ENIAC?

    <p>John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the maximum operational speed of the ENIAC?

    <p>5,000 operations per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a unique feature of the Colossus computer?

    <p>It was designed to break Nazi ciphers during WWII.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the EDVAC announced as the successor to the ENIAC?

    <p>1947</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a notable feature of the Atanasoff Berry Computer?

    <p>First electronic digital computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

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